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SÁCH TUYỂN TẬP 20 NẤM ĐỂ THI QLiMPlC 30 THÁNG 4 - TIẾNG ANH 11
Mã số: 2L-57Đ H 2014 * In 800 cuốn, khổ 16 X 24cm tại Công ty cổ phẩn Văn hóa Văn Lang. Giấy phép xuất bản số: 116-2014/CXB/18-25 ĐHQGHN, ngày 16/1/2014 Quyết định xuất bản số: 57LK-XH/QĐ-NXB ĐHQGHN, ngày 20/2/2014 In xong và nộp lưu chiểu quý I năm 2014.
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Kì thi Olympic 30 tháng 4 do Sở Giáo dục và Đào tạo, Trường Trung học phổ thông Chuyên Lê Hồng Phong Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh tổ chức đã diễn ra được 19 kì (1995 - 2013). Kì thi đã rihận được sự tin cậy và hợp tác của các trường Trung học phổ thông chuyên ỏ các tỉnh phía Nam cũng như các trường Trung học phổ thông của Thành phố Hổ Chí Minh. Nhằm giúp giáo viên có thêm tài liệu tham khảo trong việc bồi dưỡng, rèn luyện năng khiếu cho học sinh giỏi và giúp các em học sinh có tài liệu tự nâng cao kiến thức, trong những năm qua, Ban Tổ chức kì thi đã phối hợp với Nhà xuất bản Giáo dục và Nhà xuất bản Đại học Sư Phạm xuất bản bộ sách "Tuyển tập đề thi Olympic 30 tháng 4" hàng năm. Bộ sách đã được sự ủng hộ của các thầy giáo, cô giáo và các em học sinh. Để nâng cao chất lượng của bộ sách, năm học 2014, các giáo viên của Trường Trung học phổ thông Chuyên Lê Hổng Phong Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh đã tuyển chọn các đề thi chính thức và các để thi đề nghị của các trường tham gia 19 kì thi Olympic vừa qua thành bộ "Tuyển tập 20 năm để thí Olympic 30 tháng 4". Bộ sách này gồm 15 cuốn liên quan đến 8 môn học: Toán, Vật lí, Hoá học, Sinh học, Văn học, Lịch sử, Địa lí, Tiếng Anh. Giới thiệu bộ sách này, chúng tôi tôn trọng nội dung, kết cấu và đáp án hoặc hướng dẫn giải của các trường đề nghị. Chúng tôi mong nhận được sự đóng góp của quý thầy cô và các em học sinh để bộ sách sẽ hoàn chỉnh hơn, cho lần tái bản sau. TM. BAN TỔ CHỨC KÌ THI HIỆU TRƯỞNG TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN LÊ HồNG PHONG, TP. H ồ CHÍ MINH VÕ ANH DŨNG \ 3
PHẦN I
CÁC ĐỀ THI CHÍNH THỨC
ĐỀ THI NĂM 1998 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY Ạ. Pick out th e w ord whose sound of th e bold p a rts is pronounced differently from th a t of th e oth ers in each group. 1. A. food
B. look
c. took
D. good
2. A. than
B. theatre
c. theory
D. thorough
3. A. nourish
B. flourish
D .courage
4. A. orchestra
B. orchard
c. courageous c . chasm
D. chemical
5. A. mouths
B. cloths
c. booths
D. months
6. A. vanish
B. vapid
c . valve
D. various
7. A. bought
B .sought
c . drought
D. fought
8. A. comfortable
B. come
c. some
D. comb
9. A. whistle
B. little
c. gentle
D. battle
10. A. subtle
B. plumber
c. doubt
D. herbage
B. U nderline the stressed syllable of th e following words. demonstrative
preferential
extravagant
prejudice
monopoly
personnel
legitimate
horoscope
impetus
sabotage
PART TWO: VOCABULARY A. M ultiple choices Choose the best answers. 1. The charges brought against the government official finally hurt nothing but his vanity. A. family
B. prospects
c. pride
D. image 5
2. During the war, the shipping lanes proved vulnerable to be attacked. A. susceptible
B. dangerous
c . futile
D. feasible
3. The manager told his assistant to _____ the mistake immediately. A. rectify
B. maltreat
c . sanction
D. banish
4. Peter, Haưy, and Chuck were first, second, andthird in t h e ____________ school cross-country race. A. respectively
B. actively
G. responsively
D. tremendously
5. Children can be difficult to teach because of their short attention A. limit
B. span
c . duration
.
D. time
6. The ticket ________ one person to the museum. A. allows 7. The lamp is A. attached
B. admits
c . permits
D. accepts
_____ to the ceiling by means of a hook. B. related
c . connected
D. installed.
8. The company director’s asked the government to ________ in the dispute and prevent a strike. A. intervene B. interact c . intercept D. interpose 9. People believe there is a ______ between the two crimes. A. joint
B. chain
c . link
D. connector
10. Some people feel that television should give less_______ to sport. A. programs
B. coverage
c . concern
D. involvement
B. Word formation Supply the correct form o f the words in brackets. 1. Meiling signed up for th e ________ course, (.economy) 2. V arious________ by police officers were brought to light by the enquiry. (practice) 3. She took the job to be _ _ _ _ _ independent, (finance) 4. We can look forward to a period o f _____ _. (prospects) 5. You must forgive m y ________ in these matters, (experience) 6. I’ve never known such a ________ person, (quaưel) 7. She uses a good-quality oil for proper________ . (lubricate) 8. Like oil, gas is a fossil fuel and is thus a ________ source of energy. (renew) 9. When Jean made up for the play, she was _ _ _ _ _ . (recognize) 10. Sam was accused of stealing some docum ents______ . (confidence) 6
PART TH R EE : GRAMMAR A. Prepositions and particles а. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions or adverbial particles. 1. Write in pencil then if you make a mistake you can easily rub it _______ . 2. She was ______ the p o in t______ saying something, but, changing her mind, remained silent. 3. My name is William, they call me Bill _ J______ short. 4. The bus was h e ld _______ _ because a tree had fallen ______ the road. 5. You’ll have to work very hard today to make wasted yesterday.
the time you
б. The police b ro k e ________ the demonstration. 7. A new magazine has just come ___________. 8. She was converted_______ Catholicism _______ near death-bed. 9. Don’t try to cheat in my class, it’s useless and you’ll never g e t_____ __ it. 10.1 was __ ___ the impression that I had paid you t h e _________ work you did ________ for me. b. Complete the following sentences, using the verbs and particles provided. Verbs:
show, draw, go, make
Prepositions:
through, up, for, off
1. A red car has ju s t__________ in front of our house. 2. Some women invited to a wedding party always try t o ________ their figures. 3. It was 10 o’clock when he finally __________. 4. My father__________the two world wars. 5. It’s getting late; w e’d better turn round a n d ________ home. / B. Verb tenses and forms Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense OFform. 1. By the time you (finish) _________ your twelfth grade this summer, I (graduate)________ from my university. 2. I could tell from the (frighten) ______________ look on her face that somethingterribele (happen)________ . 3. You (k n o w )________ nothing (m o v e)______________ since you (send) ■ away (cu re) ________ . 4. He resented (ask) _ _ _ _ _ _ (w ait)_________ He (expect) the minister (see) ________ him at once. 7
5. Once (bite)________ , twice shy. 6. I’d rather (liv e )________ in the eighteenth century than in the nineteenth century. 7. The students requested that the test (postpone)_______ _______ , but the instructor decided against a postponement. 8. Next time we go (house-hunt)________ , remember (a s k )________ the agent for clear directions. 9. It was our fault to keep Mary (wait) _____ so long. We (inform) _______ her in advance. PART FOUR: WRITING A. Sentence transformation Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the printed one. 1. He is more a lecturer than a teacher. H e __________________________________________________
_
2. You won’t find a school anywhere whose pupils get such results. Nowhere ______________________________________________________ 3. You may be very intelligent, but you should be careful about this. No matter _____________________________________________________ 4. Even though I admire his courage, I think he’s foolish. M uch______________________________________ __________________ 5. They are soon accustomed to swimming, It i s _______________________________________________ __ ______ __ 6. Customs officials are stopping more travelers than usual this week. An increased____________________ ________ ;_________ ______ 7. The police are advising vigilance as there have been more robberies lately. 8. I’m the only child in my family. My mother g a ve__________________________ ;
_______ ;______ '
9. He never suspected that the money had been stolen. At no tim e______________________________________________________ 10.1
don’t understand a single word of this letter.
I can’t m ake__________________ :_________________________:_______ 8
B. Key-word transformation Rewrite the following sentences as directed by using exactly the words in brackets. 1. I can nearly remember the word, (tongue) 2. She was smoking in the bathroom, I went in to the bathroom and knew that, (caught) 3. Many people nowadays find it increasingly/difficult to exist on the money they earn, (ends) ' 4. He was forced to apologize, (choice) 5. If it costs too much, w e’ll have to consider, (event) 6. The explorers disregarded the mosquitoes, (notice) 7. Try not to panic even if you don’t know what is going to happen, (your head) 8. John inflated the tires of his bicycle, (blew) 9. The first sign of the disease is a feeling of faintness, (onset) PART FIV E: READING A. Cloze test Fill in each blank with one suitable word. In British English this standard accent is known as R.p. or Received Pronunciation. This coupled with the sort of English described in grammar books is the accepted (1) ________ . Its use, however, is restricted (2) ' geographically and socially; it is most ( 3 ) ________ used among the middle classes in the south of England. Its speakers, (4) _________ , caưy both a geographical and (5) ______
label, as do the speakers of all its variants,
although the more socially mobile someone is the more complex his accent becomes, and so the more (6y ,______ he is to label. Attitudes towards this vary, from the parents (7 )________ train their children not to speak with a local ( 8 ) ________ so that “they will have a better chance in life V tò the liberal, trendy young manager who adopts a local accent (9) a form of inverted snobbery. But these stances are extreme, but, nevertheless, the (10) ________ between language and social status is a potentially explosive subject in British society. B. Reading comprehension Read the following passage and choose the best answers. A Japanese construction company plans to create a huge independent city-state, akin to the legendary Atlantis in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. The city,
dubbed “marin-nation”, would have about one million inhabitants, two airports and possibly even a space port. Marin-nation, if built, would be a separatt country but could serve as a home for international organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank. Aside from the many political social problems that would have to bi solved, the engineering task envisaged is monumental. The initial stage requires the building of a circular dam 18 miles in diameter attached to the bee in relatively shallow place in international waters. Then, several hundrec powerful pumps, operating for more than a year, would suck out the sea watei from within the dam. When empty and dry, the area would have a cit> constructed on it. The actual lan(J would be about 300 feet below sea level According to designers, the hardest task from engineering point of view would be to ensure that the dam is leak proof and earthquake proof. If all goes well, it is hoped that marin-nation could be ready for habitation al the end of the second decade of the twenty-first century. W hether anyone would want to live in such an isolated and artificial community, however, it will remain an open question until that time. 1. To what does the underlined phrase “the city” refer? A. A Japanese construction company
c. The United Nations
B. Atlantis D. A future city
2. What kind of city will marin-nation be? A. underground
B. underwater
c. marine
D. Legendary
3. The tone of the passage i s ________ . A. sarcastic
c. judgmental
B. humorous D. informative
4. The problem of Marin-nation focused on here is mainly . A. human
B. engineering
c. political
D. social
5. By referring to Atlantis in the passage, the author is saying th a t. A. marin-nation will never be built. B. marin-nation is a city in the ocean,
c. even if built, marin-nation will fail. D. marin-natioiỊ is only a dream.
10
ĐỀ THI NĂM 1999 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY A. Pick out the w ord whose sound of the bold p a rts is pronounced differently from th a t of th e others in each group. B .speeds
c. produced c. forgoes
D. drags
3. A. break
B. weight
c. plane
D. said
4. A. watch
B. want
c . bank
D. what
5. A. gaiety
B .gene
c. gesture
D. margarine
6. A. says
B. bays
c. days
D .rays
7. A. choke
B. churen
c. chirp
D. choir
8. A. foot
B.shoot
D .shook
9. A. keen
B. deep
c . cook c. sheer
1. A. tickled
B. published
2. A. baths
D .replaced
D. meet
U nderline the stressed syllables of the following words. photographer
ancestor
documentary
improvement
premium
abyss
prosecute
sympathetically
necessary
employee
PART TWO: VOCABULARY A. M ultiple choices Choose the best answers. 1. A person who has drunk too much alcohol w ould________ . A. stagger
B. swagger
c. tramp
D. prowl
2. It takes roughly 4,000 pounds of petals to make a single pound of rose oil. A. as much as
B. amazingly
c. more or less
D. relatively
3. Six novels a year, you say? H e’s certainly a ________ writer. A. fruitful
B. fertile
c. virile
D. prolific
4. The party’s election________ proved to be successful. A. campaign
B. movement
c . struggle
D. fight
5. No one appreciated his work during his lifetime, b u t________ it is clear that he is a great artist. A. in the aftermath
B. by the time
c. in retrospect
D. in this eventuality
6. Who would take the Hippocratic oath? A. a barrister
B. a priest
c . a doctor
D. a soldier
7. Nations that live in concord are nations that live together in peace. A. war
B. harmony
c . conformity
D. happiness
8. ________ receipt of your instructions, I immediately sent a telex message to Algeria. A. On
B. In
c . With
D.
By
9. My passport_______ last month, so I will have to get a new one. A. elapsed B. expired c . ended D. terminated 10.1
am never free on Tuesday evening as I have a arrangement to go to the cinema with a friend. A. long-standing B. long-lived c . long-range
__________
D. long-lasting
B. Word formation Supply the correct forms o f the words in brackets. 1. The student failed the math exam because he forgot th e______ . (formulaic) 2. My car is too m uch______to take on a long journey, (rely) 3. The n e w ________ has certainly made things a lot easier in the town center since it has taken away the through traffic, (pass) 4. Nobody g e ts ________ treatment in this office, (prefer) 5. H e’s m o re________than expected, (tolerate) 6. The museum doesn’t charge fo r________ on Sundays, (admit) 7. We can look forward to a period o f ________ . (prosper) 8. This kind of activity can be ________. (benefit) 9. Our education must put an end t o ________ . (literate) 10.Pleas e __ our letter of the 14th. W e have not had a reply, (know) PART TH R EE: GRAMMAR A. Prepositions
,
Fill in each blank with a correct preposition. 1. After the operation, he had to g e t________ on crutches. 2. I want you to copy carefully________ the model. 3. I turned_____________at the meeting but the others didn’t come. 4. My shoes w ear_______ very quickly since I started walking to the office. 5. The African ẹlephant will be extinct within twenty years if an international cam paign______ the ivory trade is not started immediately. 6. The ship was bound________ Japan when it ran into typhoon.
7. The gun w e n t________ in his hand while he was cleaning it. 8. This is a very important decision. All our lives a r e ________ stake. 9. It always pays to buy high-quality goods ________ the long run it’s cheaper. B. Verb tenses and forms Supply the correct forms o f the verbs in brackets. 1. Does that road n e e d ________ (broad).
I
2. It’s obligatory that the voyage________ (cancel). 3. W ere I ________ (know) the truth, I would tell you about it. 4. I’d rather y o u ________ (keep) your m outh_________(shut). 5. He suggested that a petition ________(draw) up. 6. We must take an umbrella. It _______ (rain). 7. She
-
(be) here but s h e ________ (go) down with flu.
8. Without your assistant, w e _______ (not be) able to complete our last project in our allotted time. PART FOUR: WRITING A. Sentence transformation Finish each o f the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the printed one. 1. Alternative medicine is a complete mystery to some people. Some people a r e ________ _________________________ 2. The number of people killed in industrial accidents this year is now fifteen. Already this year ___________________ ____________________________ 3. You may be disqualified if you don’t obey the regulations. Failure________________ __________________ ;__________________ ; 4. He tried hard so that he would win the first prize. W ith__________ 5. Having made all the arrangements, they decided to go any way. Since________________ -
_________________ ;__ .____________ .
6. Most students can work very hard when they feel like it. Most students are capable ____________ ;_______________________ _ 7. I only recognized him when he came into the light. Not u n til_________ ;_________________
.
________ ________ 13
8. They declared war on the pretext of defending thcứ territorial rights. The excuse____________________________________________________ 9. You needn’t make an appointment to see the personnel manager. There’s ________________________________________________________ 10.Can I speak to someone about my problem? Would it ____________________________________________________ . B. Key-word transformation Rewrite the following sentences using the given words. Dọ not alter these words. 1. I found the story she told me very interesting, (fascinated) 2. I’ve lost interest in going to the same place all the time, (fed up) 3. Mass tourism has been one of the causes of the problems,
(blame)
4. The rain was coming down in torrents, (cats) 5. People’s race, creed or color is not taken into account when they apply for a job with us. (iưespective) 6. All teachers like Kate, (popular) 7. That jumper you knitted for my daughter no longer fits her. (grown) 8. He is said to be a very hard bargainer, (reputation) 9. He doesn’t appreciate his wife, (granted) 10.The amount the firm spent on the project initially was $15,000. (outlay) PART FIVE: READING COMPREHENSION A. Cloze test Fill in each blank with one suitable word. “Being in space is an exhilarating experience”, recalls astronaut Buzz Aldrin, member of the three-man (1 )_______ which made history 25 years ago (2) ________ they succeeded in (3) _________ the first men ever to set (4) ________ on the moon. Just being ( 5 ) _________ to float around IS amazing. Unfortunately, the space suits were very restrictive so we w eren’t (6) ________ to move about very easily”. They made the job of (7 ) ________ moon rock and soil to bring ( 8 ) ________ to Earth, we were put in quarantine. It was still not known (9) ________ life existed on the Moon, Neil’s famous first footprint should (10)________ be there until it is disturbed by other visitors. 14
B. Reading comprehension Read the following passage and decide whether the statements are TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). The plan to join the British Isles to the European continent by boring a tunnel under the sea between Dover, England, and Calais, France, was originally proposed in the second half of the nineteenth century. The bill authorizing the work was rejected in 1883. The plan was again proposed in 1930 by many enthusiastic supporters. The tunnel was to be the longest ever made and an engineering wonder. However, thế estimated cost, the military risks, and the doubt as to the feasibility of construction lead to the rejection of the proposal in June 1930. Finally, in the 1980s, the proposal was accepted and tunneling began. 1................ 2............. . 3............... 4.............. 5.............. 6.............. 7............... 8. 9............... 1 0..............
The plan to unite the British Isles with the European continent has been proposed three times. The plan to unite the British Isles with the European continent has been rejected three times. It was believed by some that the tunnel posed a threat to national security. Some people did not believe that the tunnel was a viable idea in the 1930s. Tunneling originally began in Calais, France. The plan was rejected in 1883 because the people were bored. Theconstruction of the tunnel ledto the rejection of the proposal in 1930. The tunnel made in 1930 was the longest ever made. The supporters of the tunnel wanted to hire a onderful engineer. The estimated cost of the tunnel was prohibitive in 1930.
ĐẼ THI NAM 2000 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY A. Pick out th e w ord whose sound of t h e . bold p a rts is pronounced differently from th a t of th e oth ers in each group. 1. A. canary
B .share
c. baron
D. pharaoh
2. A. pug
B. puke
c. pumice
D. pustule
3. A. chaperon
B. charity
D. Charlie
4. A. this
B. mother
c. challenge c. think
5. A. furl
B. fur
c. fu rz e ,
D. furrier
D. that
15
6. A. course
B. telemetry
7. A. telecast
B. telemetry
8. A. resign
B.resound
9. A. complete
B. command
c. c. c. c.
10. A. nib
B. sob
c . comb
telefilm
D. teleology
telefilm
D. teleology
resonant
D. resource
common
D. community D. curb
B. U nderline the stressed syllables of the following words. ambuscade decimeter abacus synonymous formica revenue , tarpaulin fertile epticaemia comparable PART TWO: VOCABULARY A. M ultiple choices Choose the best answers. 1. They began constructing the bridge in I960, but several y e a rs _____ before the project was completed. A. advanced
B. clasped
c. proceeded
D. progressed
2. The pointed _ _ _ _ _ of the church could be seen from miles away. A. dome
B. building
c. summit
D. steeple
3. I wish w e’d never bought him a TV. All he ever does is sit the box. A. fixed
B. stuck
c. glued
_____
D. sealed
4. I was proud to be _______out for special praise for my performance. A. selected
B. singled
c. separated
D. distinguished
5. She w a s _____ _ out of 115 applicants for the position of Managinj Director. A. short-changed
B. short-listed
c. short-sighted
D. short-handed
6. You’ll feel better after you have taken a A. ration
c. dose
B. helping
7. In recent years, many hills have been A. demolished
B. levelled
______ of cough medicine. D.
portion
to give way to buildings.
c . flattened
D.
felled
8. The house possesses extensive________ with gardens, tennis courts, an< an orchard. A. grounds
B. property
c. fields
D. surroundings
9. The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people into icy w ater.. A. drowned 16
B. emerged
c. plunged
D. repulsed
10.No one knows precisely how much he earns a month, but $2,500 can’t be of the mark. A. wide
B. far
c. broad
D. distant
B. Word formation Supply the correct forms o f the words in brackets. 1. I was late because I ________ how much time I would need, (estimate) 2. I don’t care if you’d had too much to drink. Your behaviour last night was q u ite ________ . (defend) ' 3. The cat is in the sunshine________ .(luxury) 4. Don’t judge the matter by my opponent’s ________ statement, but wait till you have heard the other side, (lateral) 5. Some phones can recognize your voice and b e ________ by it. (act) 6. Are all those _______ they put in food really necessary? (add) 7. The bicycle I lent Tom had been in good condition, but he returned it in . (repair) 8. She complained
about his rudeness_______ (cease)
9. I try to an occasion when I might be 600 feet below sea level (vision)
______.
10.________ and overpopulation are two of the most difficult problems in the Third World countries, (forest) PART THREE: GRAMMAR A.
Prepositions Fill in each blank with a correct preposition. 1. He lost his job ______ __ no fault of his own. 2. Her bright red hair mad© her stand ________ ; from the others. 3. There should be some news
_
the hour.
4. Stop wasting time! Get to my o ffice_______ the double. 5. I have already told her that I won’t go to Spain, but she’s stilltrying to talk m e _______ 6. Before they hire anyone they should check _______ his background. 7. You must account________ the manager for the money you used. 8. I m et him at the party and he ask ed _______ you. 9. I applied for a part-time job at the supermarket. They’re going to take me 1 ().| He had takmass
ĐỀTHINĂ M 2003 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY
.
Pick out the word whose sound o f the bold parts is pronounced differently from that o f the others in each group. 1. A. books D. months 2. A. jagged Đ. embarrassed 3. A. smooth D. breath 4. A. hopper D. heiress 5. A. compromise D. Christ 6. A. practising D. advertising 7. A. cabbage D. dosage
B. tooth
c . threat
E. depth B. rhythm
c . Sarah
E. Langhome Clemens B. minus
c . Christmas
E. behind B. advising
c. amusing
E. arising B. voyage
c . massage
E. carriage E. subtle
D. pear
c. rugged
E. needed
D. herbage
10. A. spear
36
B. beloved
B. doubt
D. poodle
c . proofs
E. youths
8. A. plumber 9. A. snooze
i
B. slopes
B. blood
c. debt '
c. smooth
E. noodle B. gear E. dear
c . fear
B Underline the stressed syllable of each of the words below. environmentally
individuality
interviewee
teenager
nationalism
monomania
Interpol
canary
cinematography
differentiate
p a r t TWO: VOCABULARY A. Multiple choices Choose the best answers. 1. They live in a v ery ________ populated area of Italy. A. sparsely B. scarcely
c . hardly
D. barely
2. Hoang Anh’s D ad ______ her against taking too much luggage on her trip. A. encouraged
B. reprimanded
c.
D. recommended
warned
3. This isn’t a ________ , is it? If I lend you my car, you will bring it back, won’t you? A. cheat
B. trick
c . rip-off
D. deceit
4. Mr. Chau w a s_______ ^ in a road accident last week. A. injured
B. destroyed
c . wounded
D. damaged
5. Picasso was a well-known cubist artist. A. artistic
B. celebrated
c . colourful
D. knowledgeable
6. I don’t want to be too ________ on Alice, but I think I should tell her that her work isn’t good enough. A. strict
B. firm
c . stern
D. hard
7. You have to be rich to send a child to a private school because the fees a re .________. A. astronomical
J
c . atmospherical
B. astrological D. aeronautical
8. The _ _ _ _ _ of thirst is based on the concentration of salt in thp blood. A. sensation
B. sentiment
c . response
D. impression
9. They are playing their music a t ________ volume and disturbing all their neighbours. A. utter
B. supreme
c . total
D. full
10 He is not in this apartment. Please dial the same number but ask for ______ _ 10.
A. expansion
B. extension
c . duration,
! D. code 37
B. Word formation Supply the correct form o f the words in brackets. 1. She is very efficient, a n d ________ polite to the customers, (fail) 2. We had the p h o n e________ because we are moving tomorrow, (connect) 3. T he_______ of the drains and buses causes frustration, (frequent) 4. T h e _______ of the castle made us gasp in wonder, (grand) 5. Poor Quentin put his head too far out of the railway caưiage window and w as________ by a passing train, (head) 6. The boy was violent and his parents found h im _____________ . (manage) 7. They fought________ in the war. (hero) 8. Mai has a very sweet _________smile, (child) 9. Children who grow up in time of war are more likely to b e ________ than others, (adjust) lO.Some referees in the V-league lack_______ . (part) PART THREE: GRAMMAR A. Prepositions Fill in each blank with a correct preposition. 1. The old man flew h e re _________ 2. You should comply
rage.
t h e _ _________
school rules.
_____________ non-violence.
3. Gandhi was committed
4. He spoke______________ such assurance that I couldn’t but believe him. 5. He bought the property
_________ a view
_
building a factory on it. 6. ________ ________ seeing the cat, the mouse ran off. 7. For many people, it’s difficult to distinguish a dolphin________ 8. Ann was putting________■ 9. He threw stones i
a whale.
airs when she got the first prize.
_____________ his attackers, trying to drive them
away. B. Verb tenses and forms I. Complete the following sentences using the verbs given in the box. You have to use the correct tenses, of the verbs and the appropriate particles. look
flare
stand
bring
go
turn
buy
take
break
1. I think a sip of wine can
_________ him __________ .
2. I’ve got a better job since M ersons______ my com pany________. 3.
When I was explaining my point, h e _______and argued with me.
4.
Fred changed the wheel of the car while w e _________ .
5. Peter h a s _________ with his boss. 6.
S h e _________ a beauty contest and got a prize. / 7. V iolence_________ and a lot of people were injured. 8. At the moment, people are
.
stocks of food in case the storm
hits their area. 9. I __________ the job because it was badly paid. 10. __________ your boss when he is unreasonable.
II. Read the following passage and put the verbs in brackets in the correct forms /tenses. An interesting thing happened when I (1. tour) the United States recently. I (2. just, read) à spy novel which was about a hero (3. hide) a letter in a particular statue in Washington. Since I was in that city at the time, on a whim I decided to see if the statue really (4. contain) the small niche the author (5. describe). To my great surprise, it did - and a letter was inside. (6. hesitate) for a wnile, I pulled out the letter and opened
it. It (7. write) by a person with a good sense
of humour. W hen I (8. read) it, I burst out (9. laugh). He/She (10. write): “Good book, wasn’t it?” III. Supply the correct forms or tenses o f the verbs in brackets. 1. Tom is pleased (admit) tb the college. 2. It’s a pity you didn’t ask, for I (help) you. 3. If only he (know) then that the disease (be) curable. 4. That’s definitely the last time that I (lend) you any money! 5. I didn’t see anyone, but I felt as though I (watch). 6. You (not go) there as she was not expecting you. 7. Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else (bè) coưect. 8. Don’t you remember (promise) (lend) me money when I need it? Do lend m e some now.
PART FOUR: WRITING A. Sentence transformation. Rewrite the following sentences in such a way that they mean almost the same as the ones printed before them. 1. Apart from Philip, everyone else at the meeting was a party member. W ith_______________ ;___________________________________________ 2. The only thing that makes the job worthwhile is the money. Were________ __________________________________________________ 3. They will not announce the decision formally. No fo rm a l_____________________________________________________ 4. She firmly believed John to be telling the truth. I t _________________ ___________________________________________ 5. He seems not to care about anything. He a c ts______________________________________ ____________ „_____ 6. Cars are responsible for air pollution, and they cause more serious accidents. Not _______________________________________ _ 7. Although he didn’t want to pay such a high price, he had no choice. Reluctant_______________________________ :______________________ 8. After the beginning of the opera, late-comers had to wait before taking their seats. Once
- _______________________ ________________________ _
9. This is our temporary office. F or____________________________________________________________ 10.The spectators got so angry that they had to cancel the football match. Such_____ :_______________ ______________ _________________________ B. Key-word transformation Rewrite the following sentences in such a way that they mean almost the same as the ones printed before them, using the words given. You must not change the words in any way. 1. They aưived at the station with only a minute to spare, (nick) 2. She had completely forgotten him. (mind)
3. Without tourism, this area wouldn’t have much income, (depends) 4. To Alan’s amazement, the passport office was closed when he arrived, (find) 5. Nobody helped me at all. (finger) 6. The man in that painting reminds me of my uncle, (bears) 7. Why are you against inviting Jackie to the party? (objection) 8! She is too busy to go shopping, (hands) 9. W e should waste no words talking tó that stubborn guy. (breath) lO.If interest rates are cut, the economic situation may improve, (reduction)
PART FIVE: READING Ấ. Cloze test Fill each blank space with one suitable word. 4Ask most people what is happening to the world’s (1) ■ and they ạre (2) __ _______ to say it is exploding. Ask them if there will be enough food next century and they will say (3)
.
. Ask them about the world’s
energy supplies and they will say they are running out and we will (4) _______ __ be sitting in the dark and cold next century. Ask them what they think about the raw (5) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and they will say we are using Jhem up at a (6)
■
that will mean there are none (7) _________
for our
grandchildren. These statements have two things in (8)k_________ . They are too gloomy., if not about this century (9) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the next And they are all wrong. Or so it persuasively is argued in a book (10) _ tries to chart our future (11) . the next quarter century. Most of the attention the ' book has received so (12) _________ has concentrated (13) _ _ _ _ _ forecasts for Britain (1 4 )_________ the prospect of five million people who are now out of (1 5 )_________ . 41
B. Reading comprehension Rearrange the following sentences in order to become a good passage. Thí paragraph begins with c.
0. c
1.________
2.________
3.________ 4 ._________
5 ._________ A. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems. B. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised) c . The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep,the growth of the oi industry under control. D. and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. E. As one Norwegian politician said last week, “We will soon be changec beyond all recognition. ” F. and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limitec number of foreign workers, c . Mistake correction There are fifteen mistakes in the following passage. Find and correct them. Man has usually depended on plants of food and many other useful products For this reason, farming is that, of the world’s most important industries. A firstly, early man did not know how to plant seeds and raise crops. He gatherec wide fruits and vegetables where he found them. Then man discovered how t( grow his own food. He planted seeds and waited for the crop to grow. For th< first time, he could be reasonable sure of his food supply. He coiild settle dowi and build shelters in the places which hè grew food. Populations began to increase, the demand for food became greater. Old fashioned tools and farming methods were inefficient,at meeting the demaiid So man cultivated more still more land and invented more complicate( machines to make his work easy. Tractors replaced horses and other fam animals. Scientists studied and experimented with plants. They told farmers hov to control plant diseases, and how too grow bigger and better crops. Nov another man, with a knowledge of plants and the help of machine, can cultivate hundreds of acres. He can raise plants which does not originally grow in the soi or weather of his community. Example 1: 0. usually -» always 42
ĐỀ THI NĂM 2004 pa rt
ONE: PHONOLOGY
A .1Pick out th e w ord whose sound of th e bold p a rts is pronounced differently from th a t of th e others in each group. 1. A. bank
B. monster
c. monk
D.'function
2. A. nuisance
B. duly
D. cruise
3. A. mouths
B. cloths ,
c. knew c. booths
4. A. sacred
B. spectacular
5. A. gauge
B. laundry
6. A. learned
B .ragged
7 A. idiot
B. idiom
8. A. climber
B. lamb
9. A. individual
B. lukewarm
10. A. surface
B. purchase
c. sachet c. haunted c . wretched c . recipient c . timber c. jew el c. replace
D. months D. salad D. plausible D. panicked D .foetus D .d eb t D .canoe D. palace
B. Group the following words into columns according to their stress p atterns. irreparable adolescent innocent preferable controversial panorama encyclopedia psychiatry appendicitis miniature PART TWO: VOCABULARY A. M ultiple choices Choose the best answers. 1. W e need guaranteed financial before we can even start the design work. A. agreem ent B. backing c . analysis D. plans 2. The increased pay offer /Was accepted although it _______ short of what the employees wanted. A. ended B. came c . fell D. arrived 3. A new computer has been produced, which w ill_________ all previous models. A. excel B. overdo c . overwhelm D. supersede 4. In southern Spain, you can play golf on beau tifu l________ : over looking the sea. A. fields B. pitches c . courses D. courts 5. I w a s _ _______ by the wording of the advertisement. A. mistaken B. misled c. misunderstood D. misguided
6. The public a t ________ does not know enough about AIDS. A. first B. large c . once D. times 7. Nagging Susan because she smokes too much has no effect on he whatsoever - it’s like water o ff________ . A. a duck’s head B. a dripping tap c . an umbrella D. a duck’s back 8. We were working overtime to cope with a sudden_____in demand. A. surge B. boost c . impetus D. thrust 9. I thought that your_________of that problem was excellent. A. handling
B. conduct
c . running
D. approach
10.He claim ed___ from military service because he was a foreign national. A. liability
B. exception
c . demobilization D. exemption
B. Verb formation Supply the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 1. I didn’t know who she was with a mask on. She was completely . (recognize) 2. The sun and the moon are often __ _____ in poetry, (person) 3. I f e l t ________ to speak on the subject. In fact, I could have done i perfectly, (qualifications)
4. Those corrupted officials ưied to establish a _________ for their shamefu transaction with the Mafia, (coverage) 5. They were totally_______ by the girl’s disappearance, (mystery) 6. He w as________ by his many disappointments, (bitter) 7. They are an incredibly_______ family. You should see how much foo< they throw away, (waste) 8. After admitting their mistakes, they apologized _ _ _ _ _ for what the1 had done, (reserve) ! 9. To be successful, an artist must show great 1 (origin) 10.His latest________ is a racehorse, (acquire) PART TH REE: GRAMMAR A. Prepositions and phrasal verbs I. Fill each blank with a correct preposition. 1. 2. 3. 4.
She was very critical________ her friends’ new furniture. I’m sorry, but I’m not _ liberty to tell you any more. He is charged _____ _ taking a c a r ____ _ the owner’s consent. The doctor cured me _ _ _ _ my illness.
5. Someone must be held accountable _ _ _ _ _ the killings.
6. Four-fifths of the fire damage resulted_______ incendiary bombing. 7. Many people are opposed to abortion________ principle. 8. You will be deprived________ all the privileges. 9. Alex lost his job because he just didn’t measure up to the standard required ________ him. II. From the verbs given, form suitable phrasal verbs and, fill in the blanks with their correct forms or tenses. ! bring
die
do
draw
fall
get
mix
take
tie
turn
1. We all w e re ______ _____ by his disguise. 2. After the music h ad _____________, there was a storm of applause. „ 3. T h ey __________each other just before the wedding. 4. What exactly is h e _____ ;_______when he says I might be better suited to a different job? 5. Before we do anything else, we ought to __I__________ -a plan of action. 6. This evidence__________ _ closely -- what we already know. 7. Would youm i n d __ your seatbelt before we land in ten minutes? 8. I didn’t think h e’d win the race but h e _____________ . 9. W e’re very sorry to have to _______y o u _______, but I’m afraid the hotel is fully booked. 10.Students of English o ften ____________ the word “lie ” and “lay”. B. Verb tenses and forms Give the correct tenses or forms o f the verbs in brackets. I. 1. Do you realize that if the workmen are still there on Monday, they_____________ (dig) ,up the road for a whole month? 2. Why didn’t you tell me that you could lend me the money? I ____ (not, borrow) it from the bank. 3. W here’s Sarah? She must be here by now. I don’t know what ____ (happen) to her. She_________ ___ (miss) the last bus. 4. I (think) that this is what he______' (say), but I can’t swear to ____________ (hear) him correctly. 5. But for my parents’ attention to my study in the early childhood, I _____ _______(not, pass) all the exam inations______________ (become) a teacher of English as l am today. 6. She can’t bear _______ (leave) alone. \ ! 45
In 1973, when the tig er____________ (1. appear)_____________ (2. face) extinction, the World Wild Fund for Nature and
the
Indian
Government
agreed to set up “Operation T iger” - a cam paign ____________ (3. save) th is____________ (4. threat) creature. They started
by
creating
nine
special parks so that tigers could live in safety. The first _____ :_______ (5. be) at Ranthambhore, a region that was quickly turning into a desert since too much of the g rass____________ (6. eat) by the local people’s cattle. At the time there were just fourteen tig ers____________ (7. leave) there. The government had to clear twelve small villages, which ____________ (8. m ean )____________ (9. move) nearly 1,000 people and 10,000 cattle so the la n d ____________ (10 hand) back to the nature. PART FOUR: WRITING A. Sentence transformation Rewrite the sentences in such a way that they mean almost the same as thi sentences printed before them. The sentences are startedfor you. 1. Besides paintings in oils, he also paints in watercolors. Not o n ly_______________________________________________________ 2. Just thinking about his face at that moment makes me laugh. The very_____________________________________ ;__________________ 3. In the summer, there are thousands more tourists than the locals. In the summer, the locals are vastly____________ .__________;_________ 4. She’s very patient and loyal, that’s why she hasn’t left him. I f i t __________ _____________ ______ ___________ :_________ '_______ 5. Their chances of success are small. It is n o t______________________________;__________________ _________ B. Key-word transformation Rewrite the following sentences as directed by using exactly the words Ù brackets. 1. I’ve considered the advantages and disadvantages and I’ve decided not t( go. (weighed) 2. This house is very different from the little flat we used to live in. (cry)
46
3. These things must be done, so make sure that they are. (see)
4. S he’ll probably be elected, (stands)
5. I really want to see her again, (dying)
PART FIVE: READING A. Cloze test Fill each blank with one suitable word. The cause of headache, (1)
~~~~
they are the common kind of tension
OÍ migraine headaches, or any other kinds, are usually the same. During periods of stress, muscles in the neck, head and face are ( 2 ) ________ so tightly that they exert tremendous (3)
on the nerves beneath them; headaches,
taking many ( 4 ) ________ from constant, dull pain to an insistent hammering, result. (5 ) ________ at least 50% of American adults are estimated to suffer one (6 )______ v_ more headaches per week, it is the 20 million migraine sufferers who are in specialdifficulties. Migraines, which are mostly suffered by women, can involve the tremendous, unrelieved (7 )________ . Migraine, which may also be caused by stress, can occur in people who bottle (8 ) ________ their emotions and who are very conscientious
in
their
performance. Escaping from stressful situations, being open with one’s feeling, lowering one’s expectations can help reduce the stress and so cut ( 9 ) ________ on those headaches which cannot be “helped” by aspirin and ( 1 0 ) ______ _ non-prescription painkillers.
/
B. Reading comprehension Read the following passage and choose the best answer. T H E M O D ERN CARS O F TH E FU TU RE Today’s cars are smaller, safer, cleaner, and more economical than their predecessors, but the car of the future will be far more pollution-free than those on the road today. Several new types of automobile engines have already been developed that run on alternative sources of power, such as electricity, compressed natural gas, methanol, steam, hydrogen, propane. Electricity, however, is the only zero-emission option presently ạvailable. 47
Although electric vehicles will not be truly practical until a powerful, compac battery or another dependable source of current is available, transportatio experts foresee a new assortment of electric vehicles entering everydaylife: shorter-range commuter electric cars, three-wheeled neighbourhood cars, electri delivery vans, bikes, and trolleys. As automakers work to develop practical electric vehicles, urban plannei and utility engineers are focusing on infrastructure systems to support and make th best use of the new cars. Public charging facilities will need to be as common a today’s gas stations. Public parking spots on the street or in commercial lots wi need to be equipped with devices that allow drivers to charge their batterie while they stop, dine, or attend a concert. To encourage the use of electri vehicles, the most convenient parking in transportation centers might b reserved for electric cars. Planners foresee electric shuttle buses, trains, buses, and neighbourhoo vehicles all meeting at transit centers that would have facilities for charging an renting. Commuters will be able to rent a variety of electric cars to suit their need light trucks, one-person three-wheelers, small cars, or electric/gasoline hybrid cai for longer trips, which will no doubt take place on automated freeways capable ( handling five times the number òf vehicles that can be carried by a freeway today. 1. The following electric vehicles are all mentioned in the passage excej A. trolleys
B. trains
c. vans
D. planes
2. The author’s purpose in the passage is to ____________ .
A. criticize conventional vehicles. B. describe the possibilities for transportation in the future. c. naưate a story about alternative energy vehicles. D. support the invention of electric cars. 3. The passage would most likely be followed by details about__________ A. the neighbourhood of the future. B. pollution restrictions in the future. c. automated freeways. D. electric shuttle buses. 4. The word “compact” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning I
A. long-range. B. concentrated, c. inexpensive. D. squared 5. In the second paragraph the author implies th a t______________________. A. everyday life will stay such the same in the future. B. a dependable source of electric energy will eventually be developed.
c . a single clectric vehicle will eventually replace several models of transportation. D. elcctric vehicles are not practical for the future. 6. According to the passage, public parking lots of the future will b e ________ A. more convenient than they are today. B. as common as today’s gas stations. ■> c . much larger than they are today.
/
D. equipped with charging devices. 7. The word “charging” in this passage refers to____________ A. parking.
B. credit cards.
c . electricity. D. lightning.
8. It can be inferred from the passage that___________ _ A. the present cars are more economical than their future generations. B. electricity is the best alternative source of power as it is almost free of pollution. c . the present electric engines are the best option as being practical. D. many new types of practical electric engines have been developed. 9. The word “hybrid” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning
to _________
A. automated B. hazardous c . futuristic D. combination 10. The word commuters in paragraph 4 refers t o ____________ A. cab drivers. B. visitors. c . daily travelers. D. shoppers. c . Mistake correction There are ten mistakes in the following passage. Identify and correct them. My cousin and her husband live in one of the suburbs of London. One morning they woke up to find at their dismay that their car had been stolen from outside their house. They immediately phoned the police to report the thief before left for work by bus. Ị. When they returned home later the same day, they found that their car brought back and was parked in its common place outside their house. Under one of the windscreen wiper was a small envelope. They quickly opened it and found a note to apologize profusely for “ borrowing” their car. The man who wrote it explained that he didn’t have the car itself, and his wife had gone into labour in the middle of the night with their first baby. So he hoped they wouldn’t mind too much that he had taken their cars without their permission in order to run her to the hospital as it was anything of an emergency. Example: 0. live -> lived.
\ 49
ĐỀ THI NĂM 2007 Chú ý: Mỗi câu hỏi thí sinh làm trên 01 tờ giấy riêng biệt
QUESTION I. Phonetics (10 points) A. Identify the word that has the underlined part pronounced different!; from that o f the other words in the group. D .opened B. linked c. lived 1. A. aưived c. faint D. paint 2. A. explanation B. main D. clamorous c . drone 3. A. copious B .obese D. gear B. gesture c . gene 4. A. germ D. nature B. mature c. pasture 5. A. manufacture B. Identify the word whose stress pattern is different from that o f the othe: words in the same 1. A. trigonometry 2. A. legislature 3. A. argumentative 4. A. photograph 5. A. majority
group. B. explanatory B. repository B. psychological B. payroll B. ceremony
c . immediately c. magnificent c. contributory c. accent c. astronomy
D. D. D. D. D.
democracy mistake hypersensitive regretful investiture
QUESTION II. Vocabulary (10 points)
Select the best option for each blank. 1. Employees who have a .......... are encouraged to discuss it with thi management. A. hindrance B. grievance c . disadvantage D. disturbance 2. The police are............. certain who the culprit is. A. in some ways B. more or less c . here and there D. by and by 3. Women’s participation. in the workforce was lower in the countrie which had less- developed economies. A. scale B. speed c . velocity D. rate 4. Although the patient received intensive treatment, there was no ........... improvement in her condition. A. decipherable B. legible c . discernible D. intelligible 5. I’ve been doing my best to reduce the backlog but I must admit th hardly put...............in the problem so far. A. a dent B. a foot c . a brave face D. damper 6. From time to time he............himself to a weekend in a five- star hotel. A. craves B. indulges c . ưeats D. benefits
50
7. Men still expect their jobs to take............. A. superiority B. imposition c . priority D. seniority 8. According to a recent survey, most people are on good............. with their neighbours. A. terms B. relations c . relationships D. acquaintance 9. The police have been ordered not to....... if the students attack them. A. combat B. rebuff c . retaliate D. challenge 10. The police finally arrested the ..............criminal A. famous B. renowned c . respectable D. notorious
QUESTION III. Grammar (20 points) A. Put each verb in brackets in an appropriate form. (lOpoints) 1. She has made up her mind........... (have) a garage.............(build) next to the house. 2. The statue........... (break) while it.............(move) to another room in the museum. 3. The highway patrol advised...........(take) the old route through the city. 4. The bell is ringing. I must stop............. (do) my homework............... (answer) the phone. 5. Why you all............. (laugh)? Roger......... (tell) you his funny stories? 6. Don’t worry. W e..............(finish) the report by 11. B. Put the suitable preposition(s) in each of the following blanks (10 points) 1. W e’re all very obliged..................................... you 2. He’s quite careless............. danger. 3. She’s very nervous............. the new boss. 4 . 1’rn faithful.................................. my principle. 5. I’ve been so anxious........................................ you. 6. This service is free.........................................charge. 7. They went ahead contrary............. my advice. 8. He was married............. £>ue for a day. 9................ the devil and the deep blue sea. 10.Have a card................ your sleeve.
QUESTION IV. Reading (30 points) A. Read the text below and then answer the questions 1 - 8 (10 points) TH E WORLD AND ITS GLOBAL ECONOMY The world as man knows it today is getting smaller and smaller because of technology such as the Internet and high speed modems. In fact, on March 3, 2005, a man flew entirely around the globe without refueling or stopping in a one- person jet. The world is changing the world, and as the 21st century continues, the global economy will play a larger, and larger role. As Thomas
51
Friedman so eloquently put it in Lexus and the Olive Tree, globalization is "thi inexorable integration of markets, nation- states, and technologies to a degrei never witnessed before." 3 With today's technology it is possible for people to solicit business from thi far side of the globe. 0 A company like Dell Computers can order parts fron several different countries, take shipment in North Carolina where the ne\ computers will be assembled, and then ship them to all regions of the globe, s Ai American oil firm can do a satellite survey in Siberia for oil deposits and the] contract with a Russian oil firm to drill the actual well, while the petroleun engineer, acting as the project supervisor, remains in the u s and runs the projec by using a computer, a high speed Internet connection, and a cellular telcphom for quick questions. 0 A global economy poses some serious problems. If a company doesn't fast enough, it can lose, and if the company loses heavily, what will happen to th< employees working for the company, and then in turn what will happen to thi stores that depend on those employees buying their goods? As can be seen, then is a definite trickle- down effect. How is the child who is about to graduate fron high school supposed to decide on what career field to enter? A career field that i here today might be gone long before the child can graduate from college, so nc only does it become vital that a person gain the needed knowledge to enter ; given career field, but the person also needs to learn how to learn. Learning ho\ to learn may prove to be even more necessary than the knowledge needed ti enter a given career field. A person who is good at learning how to learn cai quickly adapt to changes in the global economy by quickly preparing to ente other career fields if his job is here today, but gone in the morning. If the world turns into a global economy, a person will need to be able to ge along and work with people from different cultural backgrounds. However, unless person has spent time living in different parts of the world, this might be hard to dc While many students from foreign countries, especially the Asian countries, COIĨ1' to the US to earn a graduate degree, how many students from the u s spend even semester abroad studying in another country? The ansyver to this question is c course a very small percentage. While individuals from some of foreign countries and some individuals from th US and the u s economy will adjust to globalization, will die rest of die world? Mas media are more than willing to continue to stir the pot of confroversv as they not onl have to leam how to report thè positive news, but also dole out a continuous stream c negative news. When a person in a developing country sees all the cars on the street of Beijing, of course that person wants a car so he can show his neighbor how wealth he is, and all this does is promote unneeded consumption. Why does the person wh has nowhere to go and no money to spend for travel want to own a car? The simpl
52
answer is because the media paint owning a.car as a symbol of wealth and it is human nature to want to become wealthy or at least to appear wealthy. On the positive side, as prices rise due to increased demands on scarce resources, there will be an incentive to find affordable alternatives. For example, as the price of oil rises and along with it the price of a gallon of gasoline, a point will be reached at which people are no longer willing to purchase gasoline so they can drive their cars, and they will demand both alternative transportation methods and cars which use another source of energy. A current online survey says $2.50 per gallon of gasoline is the point at which the people in the u s will start making demands on the auto manufacturer, which will open up new career fields in a few countries that have the technology needed to meet the demands; however, people around the globe will work together on it. 1 The word “inexorable” in the passage is closest in meaning to / A. upward
B. recent
c . inevitable
D. preposterous
2. The word “solicit” in the passage is closest in meaning to A. lure
B. sell
c . help
D. ask for
3. According to par.2, what can be inferred about the role of a project supervisor? A. To make sure the project is finished correctly and on time B. To hand- check each of the steps in a project c . To assign each of the items that needs to be done in a project D. To talk to everyone on a daily basis 4. According to the passage, people need to learn how to learn, otherwise, A. they will not move from the first grade to the second grade in elementary school. B. they will not be able to work in the same job.throughout college. c . they will not be able to switch from one career to another as the global , economy changes. D. they will not be able to graduate from college and become a member of the global economy. 5. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence in the passage? A. The mass media are like a witch stiiring her cauldron. B. The mass media always report the truth since this keeps the ratings up and brings in the most advertising revenue, c. The mass media will report half- truths if it will keep theừ ratings up so they can sell advertising D. The mass media report every angle of a story since reports are apolitical and never present only one viewpoint.
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6. In paragraph 5, what can be inferred from the description of the media aboul owning a car? A. A car needs to be painted certain colors if it is going to show others a person is wealthy. B. The media are so biased that they will provide paint if a person needs to painl his car so as to project the car as a symbol of wealth. c . The media slant the stories, so it will appear to viewers that only wealthy people own a car. D. The members of the media don't own cars, so they are jealous of those wealthy people who do own cars. 7. Look at the four squares [ 4 in par.2 that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. E - businesses will be the lucrative businesses in the future since they are available to everyone with an Internet connection. W here would the sentence best fit? 8. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in " the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. The Internet and technology are making the world a smaller and smaller place today, and this is creating a global economy. A. As Thomas Friedman so eloquently put it in Lexus and the Olive Tree, globalization is "the inexorable integration of markets, nation- states, and technologies to a degree never witnessed before," B. A global economy poses some serious problems and if a company doesn't act fast enough, it can lose, and if title company loses heavily, the employees working for the company and the stores that depend on those employees buying theữ , goods can go out of business, c . A person who is good at learning how to learn can quickly adapt to changes in the global economy by quickly preparing to enter other career fields, if his job is here today but gone in the morning. ' D. A career field that is here today might be gone long before the child can graduate from college, so it becomes vital. E. People are always going to be willing to pay any price they need to pay in order to buy something they want, which is why the price of gasoline will not be a factor in the global economy. F. Individuals from some foreign countries, some individuals from the u s and the u s economy will adjust to globalization, but the real question is, how is the rest of the world going to react to living in a global economy?
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ỊỊ. Close test (20 points)
ART AS A CAREER Many celebrated artists have found (1).............hard to (2).............. ends meet early on in their careers. (3)............. a few w ell- known exceptions, however, (poor Van Gogh being perhaps the most famous one) (4)............. went on to find recognition within their own lifetime. Picasso’s life story is the kind of rags- toriches tale (5)............. gives hope to many (6)......... unknown artist. In 1904, he was sharing a draughty and primitive studio complex (7)......... thirty other artists. But (8)............... his death, he was. a multi- millionaire and probably the most celebrated modem artist ever. Nevertheless, (9)...... every success story, there must be dozens of artists (perhaps some potential ‘greats’) who have endured a lifetime (10)..... . hardship in obscurity. (11)...... they were never recognised because their work was (12)...... of sympathy with the prevailing fashion, or (13) they lacked talent, is impossible to say. Most people see art (14).............a vocation rather (15).............a career. There (16).............. indeed be some truth in the idea (17)..........artists need to (18).......... exceptionally dedicated to succeed, and even relatively successful artists sometimes have (19).......... supplement their income by working (20).;.......... other areas occasionally.
QUESTION V. Use of English (30 points) A. Sentence transformation (20 points) PART ONE: Finish the second sentence in such a way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it. (10 points) 1. Someone has suggested the resignation of the minister. It.................................................................................................................................... 2. Ị have frequently made stupid mistakes like that. Many's.......................................................................................................................... 3. You think that fat people are always jolly, but you are wrong. Contrary............................................................ .......................................................... 4.You should have called the doctor at once. It was......... .................................... ............................................................... .............. 5.
Gary is proud of the fact that he is never late. Gary prides.................. ................... ............................................................................
PART TWO: Write a new sentence similar in meaning to the one given, using the word given in brackets. Do not alter the word in any way. (10 points) 1. Many customs restrictions within the EC have been abolished. (AWAY). 2. At the moment I can’t afford to buy a new car. (QUESTION)
55
3 .1 assume you’re hungry. (GRANTED) 4 .1
know I can convince Dave that I'm right about this matter. (BRING)
5. Students at the school are not allowed to go into the Rainbow Disco. (BOUNDS) B. Error correction (10 points) Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order fot the sentence to be correct. 1. The bus was plenty of people who had spent many a happy hour in the A B stores doing theữ Christmas shopping. C D 2. Weather and geography conditions may determine the type of transportation usei A B c D in a region. 3. When you talk to the old man, please remember to speak out as he's hard of A B c D hearing. 4. The old and the new in transportation also contrast sharply in Middle East A B C D 5. The ocean probably distinguishes the earth from other planets of die A . B solar system, for scientists believe that large bodies of water are not existing c D on the other planets. 6. Geothermal energy is energy to obtain by using heat from the Earth’s interior. A B c D 7. In general the only kinds of cells that cannot replace itself are nerve cells. A B C D 8. Historians believe that some forms of advertising must be as old as barter A B c D and trade 9. Many television newscasters make the public an eyewitness to the A B news by means of o n - the- spot, alive reports, c D 10. Dams are used to control flooding, provide water for irrigation, and A B generating electricity for the surrounding area. c D
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ĐỀ THI NĂM 2008 M U LTIPLE CHOICE TEST 001 Part 1. PHONOLOGY (5 M S) Choose the word whose underlined part is different from the other three o f the group. D. plays c. stays / B. says 1. A. lays D. purpose c. postpone B. postcard 2. A. tortoise D. weir c. stare B. wear 3. A. heir D. decision c . mention B. television 4. A. equation D. wickedly c . supposedly B. allegedly 5. A. confusedly Choose the word whose stress pattern is differentfrom the other three o f the group. D. absolute c . ancesữy B. ancestor 6. A. appliance D. specialist c . reaction B. criminal 7. A. innocent D. perfect c. salary B.surgeon 8. A. predict D. separate c. convey B. facilitate 9. A. suspicion D. vacancy c. equivalent B. assemble 10. A. ambitious
Part 2. ERROR IDENTIFICATION Choose the underlined part o f the sentence that needs correction. 11. W ealthy people have always desired and wear precious stones because A B their beauty is lasting. C D 12. The tongue is the principle organ of taste, and is crucial for chewing, swallowed. A B c D and speaking. . 13. Some conifers,that is. tree that have cones, are able to thriveon poor, thin so ■ A B c D 14. Rice, which it still forms the staple diet of much of the world’s population. A B c grows best in hot, wet land. D 15. You should know by now that I cannot stand it when my steak is not cooked A B c properly as I always have mine well-made. D 16. Lack of animal protein in the human diet is a serious cause of die malnutrition. A B c D 57
17. N either of the scout leaders know how to trap wild animals or how to A B c prepare them for mounting. D 18.1 didn’t mean offending her, but she took my comments amiss and now will A B c not talk to me. D 19. Although pure diamond is colorless and transparent, when contaminated wit other A B minerals it may appear in various color, ranging from pastel to opaque black. c D 20. Animals and man use the energy finding in food to operate their body A B c D and muscles.
Part 3. VOCABULARY (5 MS) Choose the option that best fits the blank o f the sentence. 21. There was a terrible storm on the night we first stayed at the campsite bu we were alright with our tent and were dry as a . A. bone
B .cover
G .coat
D. sheet
22. Tropical diseases are com paratively_____ ___ in Europe. A. scarce
B. rare
c . slight
D. few
23. I didn’t want t o _________ him his moment of triumph, so I congratulatec him on defeating me. A. decline B. forgo
c . deprive
D. deny
24. Because the Amtrak system is so old, the trains always start suddenly. A. with ease B. with a thump c . with a jerk D. with effort 25. The recent economic crisis has brought about ạ ___________ in world trade A. slump
B. sag
c . droop
D. tilt
26. He bought a ___________ railway set at a souvenir shop in Darlington fo] his niece. A. picturesque
B. micro
c . miniature
D. diminutive
27. Although insects are harmful to plants, their existence contributes a greai part to ___________ which helps to make a balanced environment. A. biology B. biophysics c . biochemistry D. biodiversity 28. Hanoi National University w as__________ one hundred years ago. A. begun B. established c . organized D. appeared 58
29 Thu Le z o o _________ many kinds of wild animals, such as tigers and lions. A. covers B. includes c . consists D. contains 30. We were politely________ into a dimly lit hall by a respectable looking butler. A. shooed B. ushered c . introduced D. routed
Part 4. STRUCTURES Choose the option that best fits the blank of the sentence. 31. Marine reptiles are among the few creatures that are known to have a possible life span greater than _!____________ . A. man B. the man c . the one of the m an’s D. that of man 32. If Jim __ ________ the plane, h e ______ _____ here by now. A. hadn’t missed / would have been B. didn’t miss / would have been c . hadn’t missed / would be here D. hadn’t m issed/had been 33. “I’m sorry I have to leave so early,” she said. A. She apologized for having to leave so earlier. B. She apologized for having to leave early, c . She regretted to have left so early. D. She left early, and she feels sorry now. 3411 was astonished that he turned down the job - I ___________ it would have been ideal for him. A. have thought B. would have thought c . am thinking D. had been thinking 35. They go to the se a sid e ________ they should be disturbed by the noise o f . the eity. A. in order that B. so that c . for D. lest 36. __________that she burst into tears. A. Such was angry girl B. So angry she was c . She was angry so / D. Her anger was such 37. He had an excellent grade in his examination ___________ the fact that he hadn’t worked particularly hard. A. in spite of B. although c. because of D. on account of 38. Not o n ly _______ visit Japan but they plan to stop off in the USA as well. A. they plan to B. they must c. will they D. are they paying 39. By the time Brown’s daughter graduates, __________ retired A. he B. he has c. h e’ll being D. he’ll have 40. O n __________ he had won, he jumped for joy. . A. telling B. he was told c. being told D. having told 59
M ULTIPLE CHOICE TEST 002 Part 1. PREPOSITIONS Choose the option that best fits the blank o f the sentence. 1. The company has t o _____ ways of reducing costs. A. take in
B. think over
c . work out
D. look out
2. He has always looked________ his elder brother. A. up to
B. back on
c . into
D. up and down
3. H e _____________ a large sum of money when his aunt died. A. came off
B. came out
c . came into
4. Don’t quote me. What I am about to say is ■ A. on B. off c . without
D. came over the record. D. above
5. Ann wasn’t hungry at all, and could only__________ the food on her plate. A. toy with B. finger with c . snack at D. side at 6. You can alw ays_________ Ann to give you sound advice. A. bank of B. bank for c . bank at D. bank on 7. Once again poor Colin has b e e n _________ for promotion. Ạ. stood by , B. passed over c . locked out D. struck off
8. You really shouldn’t buy that car. I know the engine is fine, but most of th< body work has b e e n _______________ away by rust. A. eaten B. dissolved c . crumbled 9. We could get _ _ _ _ _ on our salary alone.
D. erased
A. by B. over 10. She takes great p rid e _____ _
D. down
A. in
B. of
c . out her work. c . on
D. with
Part 2. READING COMPREHENSION Read the following passage and choose the best answers to the questions. People appear to be born to compute. The numprical skills of childrei develop so early and so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal clock 0 mathematical maturity guiding their growth. Not long after learning to walk an< talk, they can set the table with impressive accuracy - one plate, one knife, on< spoon, one fork, for each of the five chairs. Soon they are capable of nothin) that they have placed five knives, spoons, and forks on the table and, a bit later that this amounts to fifteen pieces of silverware. Having thus mastered addition they move on to subtraction. It seems almost reasonable to expect that if a chil( were secluded on a desert island at birth and retrieved seven years later, he 0 60
she could enter a second-grade mathematics class without any serious problems of intellectual adjustment. Of course, the truth is not so simple. This century, the work of cognitive psychologists has illum inated the subtle forms of daily learning on which intellectual progress depends. Children were observed as they slowly grasped or as the case might be, bumped into - concepts that adults take for granted, as they refused, for instance, to concede that quantity is unchanged as water pours from a short stout glass into a tall thin one. Psychologists have since demonstrated that young children, asked to count pencils in a pile, readily report die number of blue or red pencils, but must be coaxed into finding title total. Such studies have suggested that the rudiments of mathematics are mastered gradually, and with effort. They have also suggested that the very concepts of abstract numbers - the ideas of oneness, a twoness, a threeness that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table - is itself far from innate. 11. What does the passage maily discuss? A. Trends in teaching mathematics to children B. The use of mathematics in child psychology c . The development of mathematical ability in children. D. The fundamental concepts of mathematics that children must learn. 12. It can be inferred from the passage that children normally learn simple counting A. soon after they learn to talk c . when they
B. by looking at the clock D. after they reach second grade in school.
13. The word illum inated in line 11 is closest in meaning to A. illustrated
B. accepted
c . clarified D. li
14. The author implies that most small children believe that the quantity of water changes when it is transferred to a container of a different A. color
B. quality
c . weight D. sh
15. According to the passage, when small children were asked to count a pile of red and blue pencils they A. counted the number of pencils of each color. B. guessed at the total number of pencils. c . counted only the pencils of their favorite color D. subtracted the number of red pencils from the number of blue pencils. 16. The word they in line 17 refers to A.
mathematicians
B. children
c . pencils \
D. studies 61
17. The word prerequisite in line 18 is closest in meaning to A. reason
B. theory
c . requirement
D. technique
18. The word itself in line 19 refers to A. the total
B. the concept of abstract numbers
c . any class of objects
D. setting a table
19. With which of the following statements would the author be LEAST likely agree? A. Children naturally and easily learn mathematics. B. Children learn to add before they learn to subtract. c . Most people follow the same pattern of mathematical development. D. Mathematical development is subtle and gradual. 20. Where in the passage does the author give an example of hypothetical experiine A. Lines 3-6
B. Lines 7-9
c. Lines 10-13
D. Lines 16-19
Read the following passage and choose the best answers to the questions. Fiberscopes are one of the most are one of the most important outcomes of ] science of fiber optics. Fibers made of glass and transparent acrylic plastic a capable of conveying light energy, and when thousands of these fibers are combim in what is called a fiberscope, they can transmit images. The most commi fiberscopes contain about 750,000 fibers, each 0.001 centimeter, or 10 microns, diameter. For certain uses, the diameter of the fiber may be as small as 5 microns. Fiberscopes have a wide range of applications. In the medical fiel physicians use fiberscopes to examine internal organs and as an aid in delica surgeries. Miniature probes have also been developed to view muscle fibi skin tissue, and blood cells. Fiberscopes have also found varied uses in industr particularly to inspect or control operations in inaccessible areas. Bundles fiberscopes fused together in a solid plate, called a faceplate, are being used the manufacture of television tubes and other cathode-ray tube devices.
The most far reaching applications of fiber-optic technology are communication. Optical fibers carry voice messages for telephone service. T1 sound of the voice is electronically broken down into thousands of pulses pi second, which causes a transmitting laser to send coordinated pulses of lig through the optical fibers. At the receiving end, the light pulses are convert* to electrical signals and the voice message is reconstructed. Light-wa\ communication systems can handle an immensely greater number of telephor calls and television programs than the current system, and they will form ứ basis of the “electronic superhighway” expected to crisscross the nation in ứ near future of the information age. 62
r 21 How do optical fibers carry voice message? A. By fusing bundles of fiberscopes into a faceplate B. By converting electrical signals to light pulses c. By sending coordinated electrical pulses through optical fibers D. By using cathode-ray tube devices. 22. The word inaccessible in line 11 means A. difficult to find B. extremely small c. hard to reach
'
D. impossible to climb
23. It can be inferred from the passage that fiberscopes A. have more uses in industry than in medicine B. will play a major role in the information age /
c. will decrease in importance as they become more common D. have reached the peak of their development 24. W here in the passage does the author discuss the uses of miniature probes in , medicine? A. lines 2-8
B. lines 7 - lữ
c. lines 16-19
D. lines 20-23
25. The main topic of the passage is. A. The birth of the “electronic superhighway” B. The various applications of fiber-optic technology c . How fiberscopes have enhanced the field of medicine D. How sound may be transformed into light 26. As used in line 21, the word they refers to A.
fiberscopes
B. light-wave communication systems
c. television programs
!
D. television calls
27. The word converted in line 18 is closest in meaning to A.
transferred
c . transmitted
B. transformed D. changed
,
28. The word coordinated in line 17 is closest in meaning to A.
separated
B. organized
c . transformed
D. deconstructed
29. Fiberscopes are being used to do all of the following EXCEPT. A. assist in delicate surgeries B. control operations in inaccessible areas c . convert light pulses to electrical signals D. transmit images 63
30. The passage will most likely be followed by a discussion of A. homes and businesses of the future B. the structure of fiberscopes c . additional uses of fiberscopes in industry D. the use of fiber optics in the electronic superhighway
Part 3. CLOZE TEST . ■ ' Choose the words or phrases that best fit the blanks to make a complete passage. HILTON PLANS HOTEL ON MOON - WITH A BEACH Hilton International, (3 1 )__________ of many of the world’s most luxurioi hotels, has joined the race to build the first hotel on the moon, (3 2 )_________ a new meaning to the expression “five star”. Called the Lunar Hilton, the huge place would have over 5,000 rooms, would be powered, by two enormous solar panels and would have its own beac and sea (3 3 )____________ a working farm. The company asked architects to design the building following the discover of water on the moon. It is working (3 4 )________ with experts at NASA on th project and hopes to ( 3 5 ) ________ a partnership which would be able to fl guests to the hotel. Hilton has spent little more than G 100,000 ơn the project so far, howeve compared with the 6 25m that three Japanese companies have already poure into their own moon projects. Shimizu is planning tennis courts and go ( 3 6 ) ___________ , while Nishimatsu wants to build a resort, called Escargc City, consisting of three 10-storey towers (37)_______ like snails’ shells.
Another company, Obayashi, is working (38) ___________ a project t create a self-sufficient lunar community of 10,000 people which would b supplied by (3 9 )________ vegetable farms on the moon.
Peter Inston, the British architect who has (40) __________ the Hilton’ plans, proposes a 325-meter-high complex with restaurants, a medical center, church and even a primary school. All drinking water would be pumped up fror the ice reserves, which would also be used to fill the sea.
c. heir c. taking
D. inheritor D. as long as
B. nearly
c. as much as c. hardly
35. A. create
B. get
c . form
D. make
36. A. courts
B. fields
c. courses
D. squares
31. A. host
B. owner
32. A. giving
B. making
33. A. as far as
B. as well as
34. A. closely
64
D. bringing D. similarly
37 A being
B. looked
c . formed
D.
shaped
38 A. out
B. on
c . up
D.
out of
39 A. huge
B. vast
c . wide
D.
big
40 A. done
B. made
c . grown
D. developed
>
WRITTEN TEST
Part i . CLOZE TE ST
Fill in each blank with ONE word to make a complete passage. Cloze test 1.
According to a magazine (1) _ _ _ _ _ I read recently, we now live in an age of (2)
_
leisure. Not only are more and more people reaching retirement age with
their ( 3 ) ______of enjoyment and even adventure relatively (4)
■
but the
working week'is becoming shorter and the opportunities for (5 )______are becoming greater and greater all the time. Not to (6) _____ the fact that people tend to spend (7)
.
time traveling to work or may even be working from home.
What I can’t understand, however, is (8 )______these people are. As far as I can tell the whole thing is another one of those journalistic fictions. I ( 9 ) ______that there are a lot of retired people nowadays but I am not sure that all of them are dashing about learning hang-gliding or sailing single-handed round the world. My own parents seem to spend most of theứ time gazing at the television. And as for the shorter working week, I wish someone would (10)______my company about it. ■ I seem to be working longer and longer hours all the time. The little leisure time I have is eaten into by sitting in the traffic jams or waiting for trains to show up at rain-swept platforms. I haven’t noticed any dramatic improvements in my lifestyle either, but perhaps I just have to wait until I get my pension. Cloze test 2. (11) ____ to the west, the Grand Canyon is one of the world’s most famous spectacular natural phenomenons. It is located in the northern part of the state of Arizona, in the United States of America. Covering one and one quarter million acres, it (12) _ _ _ _ 277 miles east to west and extends 1 to 18 miles in (13) _____ . The depth has been measured at one mile, which is deeper than any (14) ___ _ canyon in the world. It is easy to see why the Grand Canyon is included as one of the seven wonders of the world. Tourists travel to the canyon began as (15) _____ as 1890 and increased rapidly after the hotel was built ồn the South Rim of the canyon. Ninety (16)
_____ of the visitors view the Grand Canyon from the South Rim, which, unlike the North Rim, is opened year (1 7 )_____ . Visitors can drive around the canyor to the North Rim by using a road that is 214 miles long. They can also (18' _____the canyon over a 21-mile trail on a two-day hike. Most visitors drive along the park roads, stopping (1 9 )_____ scenic viewing points, and many take walks along the canyon rim or hike along one of the 36 trails. Campers can ride mules down (2 0 )_____ the canyon, and water enthusiasts rent boats or canoes to use on the, Colorado River. Part 2. WORD FORMS Complete the sentences with the correct forms o f the given words. 1. Jim is one of the m o st_________ members of the committee. (SPEAK)
2. ■ expressions are gainfully employed when the listener or reader ii successful in making the intended connection. (REFER) 3. The reason for Bruce Lee’s death was sleeping p ill_________ . (DOSAGE) 4. This statu e_________ the soldiers who died in the war. (MEMORY) 5. What a terrible film! It’s really _________ in my views. (RATE) 6. The troops were thoroughly_________ by this set-back. (MORAL) 7. We try to ensure th e _________ of our employees. (BE)
8. The three drug traffickers were sentenced to life ______________ . (PRISON) 9. Eating fish and lots of vegetables greatly increases your life (EXPECT)
■
10. There’s nothing to match*the warmth and_________ of a genuine log-fire. (COZY) alcoholic infect
die technician
chemistry
surgical
germ
favour
sterilize
operator
In 1869 Joseph Lister discovered the principle of antiseptic (1 1 )______ , thus sharply decreasing the number of (12) ______ caused by infection Lister used carbonic acid, a strong (13)_________ _ which destroyed the bacteria Lister was not satisfied because the carbonic acid injured the tissue cells, and the wound healed slowly. Today milder chemicals called antiseptics are used tc treat wounds. Although antiseptics do not kill bacteria, they produce conditions so (14) _________ that bacteria cannot survive. Being mild ( 1 5 ) __________ antiseptics do not injure tissue to any great extent.
Lister then developed a technique of “asetics surgery”. In this (16; ______, germs are kept from wounds during and after (17) ______ Instruments are sterilized in boiling water. 66
Antiseptics such as iodine, nercrochrome, or (18) _________ , are used to clean the skin before the operation. (1 9 )_________ gloves, masks and gowns are used by the surgeon and his assistant, special ultraviolet and (20) lamps are used to keep the air in the operating room free of bacteria. Part 3. SE N TE N C E TRANSFORMATION
Rewrite the sentence with the given word or thịe given beginning so that the new sentence has the same meaning as the previous one. 1. We couldn’t relax until all the guests had gone home. -> O nly__________________ ;_________ _ 2. His memory gradually failed as he grew old. -> The
______________ _________;
3. The only thing that kept us out of prison was the way he spoke the local dialect. -» But for his command
_________
4. We should waste no words talking to that stubborn guy. (BREATH) __________,__________________
5 .1
suspected him when he started being so helpful. (RAT)
->___________ ;________ :________________ .
6. lie doesn’t appreciate his wife. (GRANTED) : - » ___________________________________ 7. It was hard not to start laughing when she started to sing. (FACE) ■ —» I t ___________ :
_______ _ .
8, What has this experience taught you. (DRAWN) - »______;______________________________ ■
9, The best solution was thought o by Peter. (CAME) __________ __ __________ ____________ _
ip. The writer’s writing style contrasted sharply with his spoken language. (CONTRAST) -> T h ere________________________ -
67
ĐỀ THI NĂM 2009 PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE I. PHONOLOGY: A. Pronunciation: Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounce! differently from that of the others (5 pts) d. wickedly 1. a. confusedly b. allegedly c. supposedly d. dough 2. a. scowl b. frown c. sprout d. prestige 3. a. espionage c. vestige b. rouge d. orchid c. orchard 4. a. chronicle b. chorus d. expunge c. extenuating 5. a. external b. expurgate B. Stress: Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that o f th others (5 pts) c. pantomime d. corpulent b. impetuous 6. a. orchestra d. lucrative c. consensus b. proposal 7. a. proponent c. hilarious d. collaborate b. monotonous 8. a. economic b. constitution d. subsidiary c. presentiment 9. a. constituency c. monetary d. repentant b. cultivate 10.a. ethanol
II. READING COMPREHENSION (20 pts) Passage 1: The first animated film, Humorous Phases o f Funny Faces, was made in 1906 b newspaper illustrator James Blackton. He filmed faces that were drawn on blackboarc in progressive stages. In New York City, Winsor McCay exhibited his most famoi film, Little Nemo (1910) and Gertie the Dinosaur (1914). His films featured flui motion and characters with individual personalities. For the first time, characters draw of life seemed to live on the screen. In 1914, John R. Bray streamlined the animatic process, using assembly-line techniques to turn out cartoons. By 1915, film studios began producing cartoon series. The Pat Sullivan studi produced the series featuring Felix the Cat. He became one of the most belove characters of the silent-film era. The Max Fleischer studio produced series starring Kt Ko the Clown and, later, Betty Boop and Popeye. The first cartoon with sound was Steamboat Willie (1928), which introduced Mickc Mouse. This film was produced by Walt Disney, the most famous of America animators. His early success enabled Disney to train his animators in anatomy, actin drawing and motion studies. The results of this are apparent in Snow White and tt Seven Dwarfs (1937), the first full-length animated feature. It became an insta success, and still remains popular. Other important Disney films followed. Warner Brothers’ Studio challenged Disney for leadership in the field wi cartoons starring Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, and other characters. These films we faster-paced and featured slapstick humor. In the 1950s, a group of animato splintered off from Disney and formed United Production of America, whk rejected Disney’s realism and employed a bold, modernistic approach. 68
In the 1950s, children’s cartoon began to be broadcast on Saturday morning television and later in prime time. Among the most successful were those made by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, such as those featuring Yogi Bear and the Flinstones. The full-length animated film became popular again in the 1980s and ‘90s. Producer Steven Spielberg released his first animated film, An American Tail (1986) and Disney began a series of remarkable annual hits with The Little Mermaid (1989). Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988), a joint production of Spielberg and Disney, blurred the lines between live action and animation. Animation returned to prime-time television with the Fox Network’s The Simpsons. Animators had experimented with computer animation as early as the ,1950s, but Toy Story (1995) was the first full-length film to be entirely computer animated. These developments promise to bring about the most exciting era in animation since its heyday. Ị Ị. What does the passage mainly discuss? a. the history o f animated film b. the life of Walt Disney b. the development of one^ animated cartoon d. the use of computer in animation 12.I tcan be inferred from the passage that the characters in Little Nemo and Gertie the Dinosaur___________ . a. were first drawn on a blackboard b. were part o f cartoon series c. seemed to have their own personalities d. did not look as life-like as Blackton’s characters 13.The word “streamlined” is closest in meaning tcv_________ . a. simplified b. revolutionized c. bypassed d. invented 14-The word “he” refers to a. Pat Sullivan b. Felix the Cat c. Max Fleischer d. Ko-Ko the Clown 15. What can be inferred from the passage about animated films produced before 1928? a. They-were not very popular b. They were longer than later movies c. They were not drawn by hand d. They were silent films 16. According to the passage, the film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs________ . a. showed the benefits of training the Disney animators b. was the first movie produced by Walt Disney c. was the last movie Disney made before his death d. did not become successful until many years later 17.The author did not specifically mention characters produced by__________ . a. Walt Disney ' b. Hanna and Barbera c. United Production of America d. Warner Brothers 18.The phrase “blurred the lines” is closest in meaning to______ ______ . a. eliminated the distinctions b. obscured the issues c. answered the questions d. emphasized the problems 19.The first experiment with computer animation took place during the _________ . a. 1950s b. 1960s c. 1980s d. 1990s 20. Which o f the following is closest in meaning to the word “heyday” ______ . a. beginning b. decline c. prime d. rebirth Passage 2: In the course of history, human inventions have dramatically increased the average amount o f energy available for use for each person. Primitive people in 69
cold regions burned animal dung to heat their caves, cook food, and drive ( animals by fire. The first step toward the developing of more efficient fuels w taken when people discovered that they could use vegetable oils.and animal fats lieu of gathered or cut wood. Charcoal gave off a more intensive heat than wo and was more easily obtainable than organic fats. The Greeks first began to u coal for metal smelting in the 4lh century, but it did not come into extensive u until the Industrial Revolution. In the 1700s, at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, most energy used the United States and other nations undergoing industrialization was obtained fro perpetual and renewable sources, such as wood, water streams, domesticati animal labour, and wind. These were predominantly locally available supplies. Ĩ mid-1800s, 91 percent of all commercial energy consumed in the United States ai European countries was obtained from wood. However, at the beginning of the 2( century, coal became a major energy source and replaced wood in industrializil countries. Although in most regions and climate zones wood was more readi accessible than cóal, the latter represents a more concentrated source of energy. 1910, natural gas and oil firmly replaced coal as the main source of fuel becau they are lighter and, therefore, cheaper to transport. They burned more cleanly thí coal and polluted less. Unlike coal, oil could be refined to manufacture liquid fue for vehicles, a very important consideration in the early 1900s, when automobili arrived on the scene. By 1984, non-renewable fossil fuels, such as oil, coal, and natural gas, provid< over 82 percent of the commercial and industrial energy used in the world. SmE amounts of energy were derived from nuclear fission, and the remaining 16 perce came from burning direct perpetual and renewable fuels, such as biomass. Betwe( 1700 and 1986, a large number of countries shifted from the use of energy fro local sources to a centralized generation of hydropower and solar energy converts to electricity. The energy derived from non-renewable fossil fuels has bei increasingly produced in one location and transported to another, as in the cai with most automobile fuels. In countries with private, rather than publ transportation, the age of non-renewable fuels has created a dependency on a fini resource that will have to be replaced. Alternative fuel sources are numerous, and shale oil and hydrocarbons are ju two examples. The extraction of shale oil from large deposits in Asian an European regions has proven to be labour consuming and costly. The resultin product is sulfur- and nitrogen rich, and large-scale1extractions are present! prohibitive. Similarly, the extraction o f hydrocarbons from tar sands in Alber and Utah is. complex. Semi-solid hydrocarbons cannot be easily separated from ử sandstone and limestone that carry them, and modern technology is not sufficient! versatile for a large-scale removal of the material. However, both sources o f fill may eventually be needed as petroleum prices continue to rise and limitations i fossil fuel availability make alternative deposits more attractive. 21 .What is the main topic of the passage? a. applications of various fuels b. natural resources and fossil fuels c. a histoiy o f energy use d. a historical overview o f energy rat< 70
22 The phrase “for each person” is closest in meaning to___________ . a. per capita b. per household c. per family d. per one 23 It can be inferred from the first passage th at__________ . Ỉ a. coal mining was essential for primitive peoples ' b. the Greeks used coal in industrial production c. the development of efficient fuels was a gradual process ■i. d. the discovery o f efficient fuels was mostly accidental 24.The phrase “in lieu” is closest in meaning to _______ __ . Ị a, in spite b. in place c. in every way d. in charge 25.The author implies that in the 1700s, sources o f energy were V. a. used for commercial purposes b. used in various combinations c. not derived from mineral deposits d. not always easy to locate 26. According to the passage, what was the greatest advantage of oil as fuel? a. It was a concentrated source of energy b. It was lighter and cheaper than coal c. It replaced wood and coal and reduced pollution d. It could be converted to automobile fuel 27.According to the passage, the sources of fossil fuels willhave to be replaced b e c a u s e ________ . a. they need to be transported b. they are not efficient c. their use is centralized d. their-supply is limited 28.lt can be inferred from the passage that in the early 20th century, energy was obtained primarily from __________ . ; a. fossil fuels b. nuclear fission c. hydraulic and solar sources d. burning biomass ị 29,The author implies that alternative sources of fuel are currently^________. a, being explored b. being used for consumption c. available in few locations d. examined on a large scale 30.The word “prohibitive” is closest in meaning to__________ . a. prohibited b. provided c. too expensive d. too expedient III. GUIDED CLOZE: Read the following passage and fill each gap with the correct answer (10 pts) Marathon was the site of one of the most important (31) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the history of Western civilization. There, in 490 B.C., a Greek army defeated a(n) (32) army o f Persians and saved Greece from becoming part of the Persian Empire. Marathon is a coastal plain about 25 miles northeast o f Athens, Greece. Beginning in 499B.C., Greeks living under Persian (33) ______ in Asia, Minor (now Turkey), (34) ________ _ against King Darius I o f Persia. The Athenians sent soldiers and 20 ships to aid the rebels. Then the Greeks forces attacked and burned Sardis, a city that served as Darius’s capital in Asia Minor. Darius vowed that he would take (3 5 )________ on the Athenians by conquering and burning Athens. In 490 B.C., Darius sent one o f his generals, with an army and a (36) ________ _ of about 200 ships to conquer Athens. The Persians first destroyed the city Eretria, and then sailed for Marathon. The Athenian general Miltiades (3 7 )__________ __ the Athenian troops ơn the island edge of the plain. 71
The Persian occupied the seaward (3 8 )________ . A few days later, the Persia leaders, hoping that civil war had broken out in Athens, loaded part of their force on ships. The Persians on the ships prepared to sail to Athens and attack the citj Seeing their (3 9 )__________ for a victory, the Athenians attacked the army c Persians that remained on the plain. The Greeks surrounded and thoroughl defeated the Persians at Marathon. According to tradition, Miltiades sent the runne Pheidippides from Marathon to Athens with news o f the Athenian victor] Pheidippides (4 0 )__________ the 25 miles to Athens at top speed, delivered hi message, and fell to the ground, dead. Today, the word marathon refers to a foe race of 26 miles 385 yards (42.2 kilometers) or of similar length. c. battles d. events b. aspects 31. a. fields c. invading d. empowering b.expanding 32. a. conquering c. government d. rule b. management 33. a. reign d. stepped up c. fought up b. stood up 34. a. rose up c. hatred d. curses b. revenge 35. a. grudges c. fleet d. chain 36. a. congregation b. pack d. situated c. put b. positioned 37. a. localized c. brim d. side b. rim 38 a. edge d. prospects c. chance 39. a. possibility b. signs d. raced c. galloped b. sprinted 40. a. dashed
P A R T B: W R IT T E N T E S T I. VERB TENSES/FO RM S (10 pts) • The airplane in which the football team (travel)_____1________ (crash _____ 2______ soon after (take o ff)___________________3____ . • She (win) _____ 4_______ the prize, it will be because she (writi _____ 5______ very well. • A student o f mine (talk/forever)___________________________________ 6 she (expel)___ _ 7 _______from class. • Do you know the first men (set)______ 8_______ foot on the moon? • It is essential that each bike (lock)______ 9________ carefully indoors. • Her mother (go) _____10________ abroad last month, so it (not b< 11J ________ her you saw at the theater last Sunday. • His (take)________ 12_ill suddenly last night took me by surprise • The student confessed to (steal) _____ 13 the gold watcl Otherwise, the case (report)_____ 14_______to the police. • You (talk)______ 15______on the phone for a long time last night. I (phoru _______ 16_______ four times and it (engage)__________17________ . • - How was your dental appointment? - Painless. I (not worry)__________ 18___________ . • How about your job in the new city? - It’s alright, but I’d rather (put)_______19_______ in for the job (advertise)______ 20_______ in yesterday’s newspaper. 72
II. PREPOSITIONS / PHRASAL VERBS (10 pts) • He is intent_____ 1______ jo in in g______ 2 just because he wants to follow ____3____his father’s footsteps. He enlisted____ 4_____ a soldier at the age of 18. • The Democratic party cam e_____ 5______ power this year. • Latin used to be the'universal language, but then it fell_____6_____ disuse. ; • The hotel’s size made it ideal_____ 7_____ large conferences. • Could someone help me lift the lawn-mower ____ 8_____ the pick-up truck? • It has been preying_____ 9_____ my mind áll week, but I still haven’t made up my mind. ' • There was nothing else that I could do ___ 10______ sit and wait. • The boy left no stone unturned ____ 11_____ his attempt to find his biological parents. • She’s always be lacking____12_____ tact. / • Mike and Ann haven’t spoken to each other since they f e ll_____ 13___ _ two months ago. • When Jake saw Mary hanging ____ 14_____ 15 Tom, he bristled_____ 16____ anger. • Because it was late, I ended_____ 17_____ walking. • I have to win the race if I am to live t 18_____ ____ 19_____ my reputation. • The guide rounded____ 20______ the party o f tourists and led them to the cathedral. III. WORD FORM S (20 pts) A. Fill each blank with the correct form of the word given: 1. At schools, the teachers a r e ______________ by the urgent needs o f a large number o f children clamoring for attention, and the frequent overcrowding o f classrooms. (SIEGE) 2. The air stewardess made it clear how .__________ she was o f his behavior. (CONTEMPT) 3. I felt that turning up at the wedding in jeans and a T-shirt was rather ______________ . (APPRÓPRIACY) 4. She gave a solemn ___________________to respect their decision. (TAKE) 5. Please ensure that your child’s sports clothes are clearly marked in __________ ____ ink. (DELETE) 6. The police took 1_______ _ action against that player, who was involved in the match-fixing scandal. (DISCIPLINE) 7. In order for the project to get started, they needed a large___________ . (LAY) 8. Tom spoke______________because he was so excited. (BREATHE) 9. Frank told everyone thathe worked for a large company, but the company . ___________ ___. (EXIST) 10.The president ______________ drew his conclusions from that ill-founded evidence. (ERR) \ : 73
B. Read the following passage and fill each blank with the correct form of th< word chosen from the box: Biotic coagulate concentrate Mold_________ sure synthesis________ therapy_____
consumeflame venom__________
Many folk curves which have been around for centuries may be more (11 _________ than previously suspected. A case in point is that of penicillin Alexander Fleming did not just randomly choose cheese molds to study when hi discovered this very important bacteria-killing substance. (1 2 )_________ cheesi was frequently given to patients as a remedy for illness at one time. Fleming jus isolated what it was aboụt the cheese which cured the patients. In parts o f South America, a powder obtained from grinding sugar cane is used foi healing infections in wounds and ulcers. This usage may date back to preColombian times. Experiments carried out on several hundred patients indicate thai ordinary sugar in high (1 3 )_____________ is lethal to bacteria. Its suction effeci eliminates dead cells and it generates a glasslike layer which protects the wounds and (14)____________ heal ing. Another example of folk medicine which scientist are investigating is that oi Arab fishermen who rub their wounds with a (1 5 )__________ catfish to quicken healing. This catfish excretes a gel-like slime which scientists have found tc contain (1 6 )_________: a (1 7 )_______ that helps close injured blood vessels. (1 8 )___________ agents, and a chemical that directs production of a glue-like material that aids healing. It is hoped that by documenting these folk remedies and experimenting to see its results are in deed beneficial, an analysis of the substance can be made, and (19) ___________ substances can be developed for human (20) ___________ . IV. ERROR IDENTIFICATION: Read the following passage, identify the errors and then correct them (10 pts) E.g.: (0) language -> languages (line 1) In countries where two or more language are spoken, language is frequently a political and highly emotive issue. Although Canada is officially bilingual, the French-speaking province of Quebec introduced the law in 1976 which, in other measures, banned languages rather than French on commercial signs and restricted admissions to English-speaking schools. In 1988 the supreme court of Canada rules that some sections of this law were illegal. No sooner, had they done so than thousands of French speakers took to the streets in protest. Under the regime of General Franco, a Basque language, spoken by about 600,000 people in Spain, was forbidden. So strict was this ban that people using Basque in public could be imprisoned. Lingual suppression still goes on, but on the whole, governments today are more tolerable o f their minority languages. Nowhere has this reverse o f attitudes been more pronounced than in Wales. Until the twentieth century, Welsh was all along illegal, and its usage was forbidden in schools and at many places of work. Only after a long campaign of protests and vandalism by Welsh speakers in the 1960s did the British government allow Welsh to become an official language. 74
V. OPEN CLOZE TEST (10 pts) A new report from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) reveals that fish populations are under increasing (1 )______________ from global warming. The report “Are we putting our fish in hot water?” describes how climate change is causing temperatures to ( 2 ) ______________ in rivers, lakes and seas. This means less food and oxygen for (3)______________ life, stunted fish growth and (4) _ __________ offspring. The report says that temperate fish such as salmon, catfish and sturgeon cannot spawn if winter temperatures do not drop Warmer/water also means fish could below a certain (5) ________ migrate to cooler areas, (6) -__________ the temperature resembles their normal habitat. This could impact on many species’ ability to (7) _____________ . Some species will become extinct if the water temperature rises (8)______________ a degree or two. WWF director Andrew Lee said: “Climate change increases the pressure on fish populations that are already strained (9 )______ ________the limit by over fishing in the marine environment. We must take urgent (10)______________ to reduce both carbon dioxide emissions and fishing pressures to protect fish populations as they are one of the world’s most valuable biological, nutritional and economic assets.” VI. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 pts) 1. Attendance at the exhibition has been down this year. The exhibition______ ________________________ ___________ 2. I’m not friendly with him; in fact, I hardly even know him. Far__________________ .__________ . _____________._______________ _ 3. She never seems to succeed, even'though she works hard. Hard ___________________________ _______ 4. The journalists only heard about the changes to the wedding plans when they arrived at the venue. It was only _________ ________________ V ______________ __________ 5. I don’t understand a single word of this letter. (HEAD) I can’t _______ J ______________________________ 6. The address that Peter sent the parcel to does not exist. (SUCH) There 7. Brian was about to blurt out my secret when I attracted his attention. (EYE) H a d ________ ___________________ _ 8. The standard of her homework is no longer acceptable. (SCRATCH) Recently, her homework __________ ___________________________________ 9. My father was very disappointed when I failed to get into university. (BITTER) My _____________________ . _______ •______________________ 10. When they broke the news, she stayed perfectly calm and controlled. (HAIR)
ĐỀ THI NĂM 2010 PART 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
A. PHONOLOGY (5 points) Choose the word whose underlined p a rtis pronounced differently from the others. D. post-graduate c. post office B. postpone 1. A. postcard D. message c. collage 2. A. massage B. garage c. presidential D. essential 3. A. preferential B. celestial D. obstinate c. duplicate B. innate 4. A. accelerate D. apostrophe B. catastrophe c. recipe 5. A. cantaloupe Choose the word whose stress pattern is differentfro m the others. D. magnetic B. lunatic c. allergic 6. A. arithmetic B. instrumental c. argumentative D. understand 7. A. contributory D. architecture B. manufacture c. manifesto 8. A. mausoleum D. tycoon c. horizon B. innocent 9. A. guitar D. flamingo c. paralysis B. carpenter 10. A. parameter B. READING COMPREHENSION PASSAGE 1: Read the following passage and choose the best option to complet the blank or answer the question.(10points)
Traditionally in America, helping the poor was a matter for private charities ( local government. Arriving immigrants depended mainly on predecessors froi their homeland to help them start a new life. In the late 19th and early 20th centurie several European nations instituted public-welfare programs. But such movement was slow to take hold in the United States because the rapid pace ( industrialization and the ready availability of farmland seemed to confirm ứ belief that anyone who was willing to work could find a job.
Most of the programs started during the Depression era were temporary reli< measures, but one o f the programs - Social Security - has become an America institution. Paid for by the reduction from the paychecks of working people, Socii Security ensures that retired persons receive a modest monthly income and als provides unemployment insurance, disability insurance, and other assistance 1 those who need it. Social Security payments to retired persons can start at age 6: but many wait until age 65, when the payments are slightly higher. Recently, thei has been concern that the Social Security fund may not have enough money 1 fulfill its obligations in the 21st century, when the population of elderly Americar is expected to increase dramatically. Policy makers have proposed various ways 1 make up the anticipated deficit, but a long-term solution is still being debated. In the years since Roosevelt, other American presidents have establishe assistance programs. These include Medical and Medicare; food stamp certificates that people can use to purchase food; and public housing which is bui at federal expense and made available to persons with low incomes. 76
r Needy Americans can also turn to sources other than government for help. A broad spectrum of private charities and voluntary organization is available. Vólunteerism is on the rise in the United States, especially among retired persons. It is estimated that almost 50 percent o f Americans over age 18 do volunteer work, and nearly 75 percent o f U.S. households contribute money to charity. II. New immigrants to the u.s could seek help fr o m _______. A. the U.S. government agencies B. volunteer organizations c. the people who came earlier D. only charity organizations 12 Public-welfare programs were unable to take firm root in the U.S. due to the fast growth o f ____ . A. population B. urbanization c . modernization D. industrialization 13. The word ‘instituted9in the first paragraph mostly means ' . A. enforced B. introduced c . carried out D. studied 14. The Social Security program has become possible thanks t o ______. A. people’s willingness to work B. enforcement laws . c. deduction from wages D. donations from companies 15. Most o f the public assistance programs_____after the severe economic crisis. A. did not become institutionalized B. did not work in institutions c . were introduced into institutions D. functioned fruitfully in institutions 16. That Social Security payments will be a burden comes from the concern that A the program discourages working people B. younger people do not want to work c . elderly people ask for more money D. the number of elderly people is growing 17. Persons with low incomes can access public housing through A. state spending B. federal expenditure
;
.
c . low rents D. donations 18. Americans with low incomeỹ can seek helpfr o m ________ . A. government agencies c . non-government agencies
B. federal government D. state government
19. Public assistance has become more and more popular due to _ _ _ _ _ _ A. people’s growing commitment to charity B. taxpayers’ increasing commitment pay c . young people’s volunteerism D. volunteer organizations 20. The passage mainly discussed________ . A. immigration into America B. public assistance in America c . funding agencies in America D. ways o f fund-raising in America 77
PASSAGE 2: Read the following passage and choose the best option to complet the blank or answer the question. (10 points) Sigmund Freud was not a literary theorist. However, he did contribute to critici theory through both his theories and his use of art to show that the application ( psychology can extend to the highest forms of cultures. Freud was alwaj interested in literature, and he drew some of the best illustrations of his theork from classic poems and plays. Freud saw the unconscious as the impetus of both cultural and psychic activity Therefore, the same principles operated in both, and that the same mechanisms - sue as displacement and symbolization - applied. While Freud was not the first to note th importance of the unconscious mind, he was the first to attempt a coherent theory of it operation and function. He argued that the unconscious operates according to universe law, and is crucial to all aspects o f mental life that involve fantasy, or diversion fron reality. From this point of view, it is natural to apply Freudian principles to imaginativi literature. Writers transform individual, unconscious fantasy into universal art - a kin< of formal fantasy halfway between a reality that denies wishes and a world o imagination in which every wish is granted. In focusing on the unconscious origins for literature, Freud was in a sens< reviving the traditional idea of divine inspiration. [1] Philosophers and art theorist! have often turned to such a theoiy o f the imagination to explain multinh meanings, repetition, and any apparent disorder in art. Similarly, psychoanalysis uses the theory o f the unconscious to explain examples o f “disorder’ ir consciousness, such as dreams. [2] This analogy allowed Freud to suggest that fantasies called art could be interpreted in the same way as dreams. Writers, as Freud noted, have always seen great significance in dreams. In his view, portrayals o f dreams in works of literature supported his own theories about their structures, mechanisms, and interpretation. For example, the mechanisms of displacement and symbolization obviously resemble the literary devices of metaphor and symbolisrn.[3] Critics o f Freud have objected that the non-logical processes o f the unconscious do not resemble the conscious effort that results in work o f literature. Freud would reply that while.conscious thought is necessary to produce works o f art, the creative sources o f art remain in the conscious. In this view, conscious activity merely obscures what is truly important in art. What interested Freud were the deep unconscious structures literature shares with myth and religion, as well as with dreams. The apparent individuality of literature was not as' significant as its ultimate universality. [4] 78
2 J Which o f the following best states the main idea o f the reading? A. The best way to understand the creation of literature is through Freud’s theory 'of psychoanalysis. B. Freud argued convincingly that both psychic phenomena and literature may be interpreted with reference to the unconscious. c. Creating works o f literature is very similar to dreaming. D. Freud’s theories explain why both dreams and literature contain various forms o f disorder. 22. According to the passage, which o f the following is true o f Freud? ' A. He was a literary theorist. B. He has had an influence on literary theory. c. He wrote several plays and poems that illustrate his theories. D. He was the first to discover the unconscious. 23. The word impetus in paragraph 2 could best be replaced b y _________ . A. source B. opposite c . form D. reason 24. The word both in paragraph 2 refers to_ _ _ _ _ _ . A. displacement and symbolization B. repression and the economy of psychic expenditure ’ c . cultural and psychic phenomena D. principles and mechanisms 25. The author uses the phrase formal fantasy in paragraph 2 in order to . Ạ. describe the nature of literature B. (^escribe the nature of the unconscious c. give an example of diversion from reality D. give an example of a Freudian principle 26. Which is the best place fo r the following sentence? “And like dreams, literary works can have more than one interpretation.” A .[l]
B.[2]
c. [3]
D.[4]
27. According to the passage, displacement in dreams is similar to A. symbolization B. metaphor c . Symbolism D. repression 28. What possible objection to the passage’s main idea does the author discuss in the last paragraph? J A. Freud emphasized the unconscious, but writing results from conscious thought. B. Freud claimed that art is created logically, but it really has unconscious origins; c. Writers have never placed much significance on dreams. D. Freud argued that literature is individual, but it is actually universal. 29. The word their in paragraph 4 refers to _____ . A. writers B. works c . theories D. dreams 30. Why does the author mention multiple meaning and repetition in paragraph 3? A. To emphasize the non-raiional nature of art . B. To give examples o f “disorder” in art c. To show the similarity between art and dreams D. To give examples of divine inspiration
c. GUIDED CLOZE
Read the following passage and choose the options that best complete the blanks, (10 points) POST IN HISTORY Although it may come as a surprise (31) _________ many people, posta services (32)_________ in some parts of the world for thousands of years. There i ample evidence that a postal service existed among the Assyrians and Babylonians In China a regular postal service was established in the seventh century BC, am over the centuries attained such a high level of efficiency that some 2,000 year after its (33)_________ it won the admiration of travelers (34)__________ Marci Polo. Efficient and highly developed postal services were also established in thi Persian and Roman empires. In ancient times, these services were mainly confine* (35)_________ the use of representatives of the state; private citizens made use 0 slaves, merchants and the (36)________ to send their messages and documents. Ii Medieval Europe, postal services were organized by emperors and by the papacj (37)_________ private citizens continued to entrust their correspondence t various travelers. Later, around the 13th century, universities and towns came ti have their own messengers. However, it was not until the 14th century (38 _________ merchants, the private citizens who had the greatest need for a speed’ and regular exchange of correspondence, began to set (39) regula courier services. The needs o f business (4 0 )_________ to the development o f th postal service as we know it today. 31. A. to 32. A. had existed 33. A. introduction 3 4 .A. as 35. A. into 3 6 .A. such 37. A. when 38. A. when 39. A. up 40. A. resulted
B. for B. would have existed B. institution B. to B. to B. like B. whereas B. which B. out B. came
c. with c. existed c . formation c. like c. in c. likely c. until c. that c. off c. brought
D. among D. have existec D. occurrence D. towards D. with D. same D. while D. in which D. in D. led
PART 2: WRITTEN TEST
A. VERB FORM / TENSE (10 points) • She says she’d rather he (stay)______ (1) home tomorrow as it (rain ____ (2)_____ _ cats and dogs for the last couple of hours. • No wonder he was sacked! He seems (fiddle)___(3)___the accounts for years • •
80
It is demanded that the conditions of safety (improve) I’d better (go)______ (5)_____ to the bank earlier.
(4)_____
• •
You (speed) _____ (6)______ then; otherwise, the policeman wouldn’t have stopped you. He complained of (order)_____(7)______ to stay behind.
• •
He (always enter)_____ (8)______ the room without knocking first. I’d sooner she (m an y )_____ (9)____ no one than (marry)_____ (1 0 )______ a fool like him. • A team of experts (arrive) ________(11) _______ in Venice to save it from increasing incidences of flooding. A conừoversịal plan to construct a barrier with 70 gates, each weighing 300 tons, (give)____ (1 2 )_________ permission to go ahead. Once (construct) . ' ( 1 3 ) ______ , this will be raised whenever a high tide threatens to cover the city. Everyone has known for centuries that Venice (sink) ______ (14) ____ _ further into the mud, but floods are becoming a regular nuisance. Rising sea ■ levels (erode/gradually) _______ (15) _______ the salt marshes and mud , banks that stood between the city and the Adriatic. Winter storms cause higher waves, which (assault)________ (16)_______ the walls o f the old palaces. But there are fears about how the building of such a barrier might affect the Venice lagoon, particularly the possibility that it could further restricted the flushing of the city’s waterways by the tide, (m ake)___(1 7 )___ the famous foul-smelling canals even more stagnant. ,' (Avoid)_____ (1 8 )_____ making a bad situation worse, the experts (bring in) ____ (19)________ to analyze tidal flows, marine plants and sediment deposits and then suggest ways to prevent the city from becoming the first high-profile victim o f global wanning and rising sea levels. But with global warming (expect)_____(2 0 )_____ _ to add at least half meter to the sea level this century, the situation is bound to deteriorate. A spokesman for tlie team said, ‘We cannot hope to stop Venice submerging eventually, but we can slow the whole process down and so enjoy the city for a while longer.” B. PREPOSITIONS & PHRASAL VERBS (10 points) Part 1: Choose a verb in box A and a suitable particle in box B to fill in each blank. Change the form of the verbs if necessary.
Box A
step put
close dream
break . pack
bear black
pass bring
in out
away up
•
Box B
across on
down over
through off
•
The cold weather has (1 )_________ his cough again.
•
The girl (2 )________ _ for a few minutes after the stone hit her head. 81
•
The lecturer had difficulty (3 )_______________________ his ideas.
• •
•
After days of rain, the sun finally (4 )____________________________________ Some people think that the Queen should (5 )___________and allow the Crown prince to become King. Once again poor Colin has been (6 )_________ for promotion. She would just sit in her chair, (7)_________ her life________ Do you see that they have (8 )_the main road? We can’t use it until the road works are finished. Ms. Ha decided to (9 )______ her teaching job and work in a foreign company.
•
I didn’t think he would (10)_________ so well in that situation.
• • •
Part 2: Complete the following passage with prepositions. ( 1 1 ) _______ the 20th centuiy magazines have been a major growth area of popular publishing. Specialist magazines cater to every imaginable field and activity. In the United Kingdom, oyer 12,000 periodicals, magazines, bulletins, annuals, trade journals, and academic journals are published (12) _____ _ a regular basis. There are some 40 women’s magazines and over 60 dealing with particular sports, games, hobbies, and pastimes. Although some u s magazines, such as The Saturday Evening Post, has succumbed (1 3 )_______ the competition of television, many continue to have enormous international circulations. The Reader’s Digest over 16 million, The National Geographic over 10 million. For many people, magazines have been the most available and widely used form of continuing education, providing information about history, geography, literature, science, and the arts, as well as guidance (1 4 )_______ gardening, cooking, home decorating, financial management, psychology, even marriage and family life. (1 5 )_______ the rise of television, magazines were the most available form of cheap, convenient entertainment in the English-speaking world. Radio served a similar function, but it was more limited (16)_______ what it could do. Magazines and television, however, both address the more powerful visual .sense. During the third quarter of the 20* century, coincident (1 7 )_______ a dramatic rise in the popularity of television, many general-interest, especially illustrated magaizines went out o f business. The shift (18) _ _ _ _ _ attention of a mass audience from reading such magazines to watching television has been a major factor (1 9 )_______ this decline, but it is an implicit tribute from television (20) _ _ _ _ _ the older genre that its programs are generally organized in a single format and content. c . OPEN CLOZE: Fill each blank space with ONE appropriate word, the first one is done for you as an example (20 points) Passage 1 Another critical factor that plays a part in susceptibility to colds is age. A study done by the University of Michigan School o f Public Health revealed particulars that seem to hold ( 1 ) ____for the general population. Infants are the most cold82 Ị
ridden group, averaging more than six colds in their first year. Boys have more colds than girls up to age three. After the age of three, girls are more susceptible than boys, and teenage girls average three colds a year (2 )____boys’ two. The general incidence of colds continues to decline into maturity. Elderly people who are in good health have as ( 3 ) ____as one or two colds annually. One (4 ) ___ is found among people in their twenties, especially women, who show a rise in cold infections, because people in this age group are most (5 )____to have young children. Adults who delay having children (6 )____ their thirties and forties experience the same sudden increase in cold infections. The study also found that economics plays an important role. As income increases, the (7) ____ at which colds are reported in the family decreases. Families with the lowest income suffer about a third more colds than families at the (8) _ end. Lower income generally forces people to live in more cramped quarters than those typically occupied by wealthier people, and crowding increases thẹ opportunities for the cold virus to travel from person to person. Low income rtíạy also adversely influence diet. The degree (9 )____which poor nutrition affects susceptibility to colds is not yet clearly established, (10)_____ an inadequate diet is suspected o f lowering resistance generally. passage 2 / \ Going to party can be fun and enjoyable. If you are invited (1 1 )_____ a party, ậo call your host up early to (12)_____him or her of whether you are going. If you want to bring someone who has not been invited (13)______ with you, you should ask for (1 4 )_____ first. Remember to dress appropriately for the party. You will stick out like a sore (15)______ if you are dressed formally whereas everyone else js in T-shirt and jeans. If you are not sure what to (16)__________ do ask your host. Ij. During the party you may perhaps like to help your host by offering to serve, drinks or wash the dishes. Your host would certainly appreciate these efforts. If you happen to be in a party you do not know anyone, do not try to monopolize the host's (17) ____ This is inconsiderate since your host has many people to attend (18) __ _ and cannot spend all bis/ her time with you. (19) _____learn to mingle with others at the party. You could try (2 0 )______ the ice by introducing yourself to someone who is friendly-looking. before you leave the party, remember to thank your host first. If you have the time, you could even offer to help your host clean up the place. D. WORD FORMATION Part 1: Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the given words. (10 points) 1. Dr. Smith, a famous_____ , has just published a book about murder. (CRIME) 2. Let us get this clear: it is not Hung himself that I find _______ _ , but it is his idea that I cannot accept. (OBJECT) \
Í
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3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.. 10.
Rural_has enabled people to buy land fairly cheaply. (POPULOl Cleopatra is supposed to have used sesame oil as a skin___ (BEAUT"1 The planet Mars is, at present,_____________ (INHABIT) ______________ as it is, the desert has not eliminated life but only those foi unable to withstand its desiccating effects. (COMPROMISE) This article is about people who claim to have_________ abilities such mind-reading. (NORMAL) In the 1960s, there was a _________ interest in folk and country music. (NE The sun should be enjoyed b u t______ ______ can cause sunburn, leading increased risk o f skin cancer. (EXPOSE) The Ministry of Education and Training decided to organize a(n)________ football championship to create a common playground for all students. (COLLEG
Part 2: Complete the following passage with the correct forms of the gh words. (10 points) SKILLED / SUCCEED / PHYSICAL / CRITICS / AESTHETE ________ ART / INUDATION Ị VISIONARY / DUST / DISPOSITION_______
Native Americans probably arrived from Asia in (11) ______ waves 0 several millennia, crossing a plain hundreds of miles wide that now lies ( ______ by 160 feet o f water released by melting glaciers. For several periods time, the first beginning around 60, 000 B.C. and the last ending around 7,c B.C., this land bridge was open. The first people traveled in the (1 3 )______ trí of the animals they hunted. They brought with them not only their famili weapons, and tools but also a broad (14) ______ understanding, sprung fri dreams and (1 5 )______ and articulated in myth and song, which complemen their scientific and historical knowledge of the lives of animals and o f people., this they shaped in a variety of languages, bringing into being oral literatures power and beauty. h Contemporary readers, forgetting the origins of western epic, lyric, and drama forms, are easily ( 1 6 )______ to think of “literature” only as something writt But on reflection it becomes clear that the more (17) useful as well as 1 more frequently employed sense of the term concerns the (1 8 )______ of the verl creation, not its mode of presentation. Ultimately, literature is (19)______ valui regardless of language, culture, or mode of presentation, because some significi verbal achievement results from the struggle in words between tradition and tale Verbal art has the ability to shape out a compelling inner vision in some 0 ____ _ crafted public verbal form. E. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 1. Two men stole the old lady’s handbag. The old lady w a s _________________________________________________ 84
1 2.
One o f our philosophers is supposed to have said this. (ATTRIBUTED)
■ 3. The minister gave no precise figures about the casualties. The minister didn ’t so è 4. He threatened the officers with violence. ẼSĩểíỉVt •\ ‘ He made - 5. A government official leaked the story to the world press. (WIND) 6. Fares will be very likely to go up again this autumn. It looks ; 7. He’s becoming very successful. (PLACES)
V
They’re faced with the choice o f two alternatives. (HORNS)
9. Owen is a good player but Rooney is better. Very good_________________________________________________________ 10. The president’s bodyguards stood behind him watphing. Watchfully__________________ .____________ ’_________________________ F. ERROR IDENTIFICATION In the following passage there are 10 (ten) errors. Identify and correct them. CHESS TOURNAMENTS
•All tournament chess games are played with a chess clock - that is, two clocks attached together. When one player does his move, he presses a button which stops his clock and starts his opponent clock. Whoever fails to keep up the time limit, no matter what the position on the board, loses the game. Weekend tournaments with ạ'fast time limit and long sessions of play of up to twelve hours a day are very strenuous and result from fatigue and time troubles. The play is quite sharp. Active, attacking chess is the order of the day and it is difficult to maintain any sustained* precise defence against such play. A score of the game must be kept as play goes on. Each move is written down on a score sheet, it has to be handed to the tournament officials in the end of each round. The sorely thought in everybody’d head is to win. Talent and youth- that’s what is needed for success at chess, with the emphasis on youth. Some approach the board with a slow, purposeless manner without giving you a second glance- you simply don’t count. They seem to imply that the outcome is a foregone conclusion for them; you only need to accept them with good grace.
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ĐỀ THỈ NĂM 2011 A. M ULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
I. PHONOLOGY ỈSLChoose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that the others. 1. A. wicked B. beloved c .n a k e d D .booked 2. A. burden 3. A. message
B. hurry B. cottage
4. A. pizza 5. A. dinosaur
B. seize
7. A. comfortable
B. necessary
8. A. contend
B.sanguine
9. A. determine
B. argument
10. A. cuưiculum
B. certificate
c.bu rg u n d y c. hostage
D. hurdle D. massage
c. fertilizer c. nausea
D. horizon
c. c. c. c.
industry
D. intensity
delicate
D. mineral
counterpart
D. marvelous
kindergarten
D. companion
B. launch D. laurel 2a Choose the word that is stressed differentlyfrom the others in the list B. photography c. catastrophe 6. A. economic D. initiate
II. VOCABULARY & STRUCTURE ÌA Choose the option that best completes the blank. 1. The brother and sister were_____ over who would get to inherit the beach house. A. at large
B. a t odds
c . at a standstill
D. at a loose end
2 After congratulating his team, the coach left, allowing the players to let theữ__ down for a while. A. hair
B. heads
c . hearts
D. souls
3. Grandma says there wasn't a ___of truth in that story Granddad told last nig] about being a war hero. A. speck
B. crumb
c . dot
D. grain
4 After a six-year relationship, Martha and Billy have decided t o ________ . A. break the bank 5. I'd like to make . ■ A. improvements
B. turn the page
c . tie the knot
D. make the grade
for crashing your car. Let me pay for the repaừs. B. coưections
' c . amends
D. adjustments
6. It's sad to say, but very few relationships nowadays stand th e______ of time. A. trial
B. judgement
c . test
D. check
7. Thanks for lending me your umbrella; it really came in __________ . / A. used
86
B. handy
c , handful
D. needy
8. Sara brought in a lot of business last month; she should ask for a pay rise while she's still on a ___. A. run B. roll c. rush D. roam 9. James never shows his emotions; no matter what happens, he always keeps a stiff upper____ . A. mouth B. eye c. head D. lip 10. The injury destroyed his hopes of b ein g _____ world champion. A. peaked B. crowned c. awarded D. topped . 11. Created by the dissolution of limestone, the underground cave sy stem ____ Mammoth Cave is noted for its stalactites and stalagmites. A. is known as B. it is known to be c . known as Đ. to be known 12. In the northern and central parts of the states of Id ah o _____ and churning rivers. A. majestic mountains are found B. found majestic mountains c . are found majestic mountains D. finding majestic mountains 13. The film Lawrence o f Arabia is three hours and forty-one minutes long, one m inute____Gone with the Wind. A. in length like B. long is c . is longer than D. longer than is 14. The surrealistic movement in art in the 1920s and 1930s p la c e d ____is pictured in the unconscious and often incorporated dreamlike images. A. to emphasize it B. an emphasis on it c . emphasize what D. an emphasis on what 15. The genus Equus became extinct in North America during the glacial period, and it was not reintroduced u n til______ by the Spaniards. A. brought there B. was brought there c . bringing it there D. it brought there 16. Most radioactive elements occur in igneous and m etam orphic____ fossils occur in sedimentary rocks. A. rocks, nearly all B. rocks, but nearly all c . rocks, nearly all are D. rocks, which nearly all are 17. According to the World Health Organization, _____ there to be an outbreak of any of the six most dangerous diseases, this could be cause for quarantine. A. were B. they were c . there were D. were they 18. off the Hawaiian coastline are living, others arc dead. A. Coral reefs B. Some types of coral reefs c . There are many types of coral reefs D. While some types of coral reefs 87
1 9 ._____ appears considerably larger at the horizon than it does overhead is merely an optical illusion. A. The moon
B. That the Moon
c. When the Moon
D. The Moon which
20. The leaves of the white mulberry provide food for silkw orm s,_____ silk fabrics are woven. A. whose cocoons
B. from cocoons
c. whose cocoons are from
D. from whose cocoons
III. READING COMPREHENSION is. Read the passage and choose the best answer fo r each o f the questions below. Passage 1 Archaeological records-paintings, drawings, and carvings of humans engaged in activities involving the use of hands-indicate that humans have been predominantly right-handed for more than 5,000 years. In ancient Egyptian
artwork, for example, the right hand is depicted as the dominant one in about 90 percent of the examples. Fracture or wear patterns on tools also indicate that a majority of ancient people were right-handed. Cro-Magnon cave paintings some 27,000 years old commonly show outlines of human hands made by placing one hand against the cave wall and applying paint with the other. Children today make similar outlines of their hands with crayons on paper. With few exceptions, left hands of Cro-Magnons are
displayed on cave walls, indicating that the paintings were usually done by right-handers. Anthropological evidence pushes the record of handedness in early human ancestors back to at least 1.4 million years ago. One important line of evidence comes from flaking patterns of stone cores used in tool making: implements flaked with a clockwise motion (indicating a right-handed toolmaker) can be distinguished . from those flaked with a counter-clockwise rotation (indicating a left-handed toolmaker). Even scratches found on fossil human teeth offer clues. Ancient humans are thought to have cut m eat into strips by holding it between their teeth and slicing it with stone knives, as do the present-day Inuit. Occasionally the knives slip and leave scratches on the users' teeth. Scratches made with a left-to-right stroke direction (by right-handers) are more common than scratches in the opposite direction (made by left-handers).
88
Still other evidence comes from cranial morphology, scientists think that physical differences between the right and left sides of the interior of the skull indicate subtle physical differences between the two sides of the brain. The variation between the hemispheres coưesponds to which side of the body is used to perform specific activities. Such studies, as well as studies of tool use, indicate that right- or left-sided dominance- is not exclusive to modern Homo Sapiens. Populations of Neanderthals, such as Homo erectus and Homo habilis, seem to have been predominantly right-handed, as we are. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Human ancestors became predominantly right-handed when they began to use tools. B. It is difficult to interpret the significance of anthropological evidence concerning tool use. 1 c . Humans and their ancestors have been predominantly right-handed for over a million years. D. Human ancestors were more skilled at using both hands than modem humans. 2. What does the author say about Cro-M agnon paintings of hands? A. Some are not very old. B. It is unusual to see such paintings, c . Many were made by children. D. The artists were mostly right-handed. 3. The word "depicted" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to __ ______ . A. written B. portrayed c . referred D. mentioned 4. When compared with “implements flaked with a counter-clockwise rotation" (paragraph 2), it can be inferred that “implements flaked with a clockwise motion" a r e _____________ . A. more common B. larger c . more sophisticated D. older 5. The word "cranial morphology'" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to , M
II
/'
A. the form of crane B. the form of body * c . the study of physical bodies D. the study of skulls 6. The fact that the Inuit cut meat by holding it between their teeth is significant b ecau se_______ . A. the relationship between handedness and scratches on fossil human teeth can be verified B. it emphasizes the differences between contemporary humans and their ancestors c . the scratch patterns produced by stone knives vary significantly from patterns produced by modern knives D. it demonstrates that ancient humans were not'skilled at using tools 89
7. The word "hemispheres" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning tc A. differences B. sides G. activities D. studies 8. Why does the author mention Homo erectus and Homo habilis in the li paragraph? A.To contrast them with modern humans. B. To explain when human ancestors began to make tools. c. To show that early humans were also predominantly right-handed. D. To prove that the population of Neanderthals was very large. 9. All of the following are mentioned as types of evidence concernii handedness EX C EPT
■
A. ancient artwork
B. asymmetrical skulls
c . studies of tool use
D. fossilized hand bones
10. Which of the following conclusions is suggested by the evidence fro cranial morphology (line 24)? A. Differences in the hemispheres of the brain probably came abo relatively recently. B. There may be a link between handedness and differences in the brair hemispheres. c . Left-handedness was somewhat more common among Neanderthals. D. Variation between the brain's hemispheres was not evident in the skulls ( Homo erectus and Homohabilis. Passage 2 Because the low latitudes of the Earth, the areas near the equator, receiv more heat than the latitudes near the poles, and because the nature of heat is I expand and move, heat is transported from the tropics to the middle and hig latitudes. Some o f this heat is moved by winds and some by ocean currents, an some gets stored in the atmosphere in the form of latent heat. The term “latei heat" refers to the energy that has to be used to convert liquid water to wati vapor. We know that if we warm a pan of water on a stove, it will evaporate, ( turn into vapor, faster than if it is allowed to sit at room temperature. We als know that if we hang wet clothes outside in the summertime they will dry faste than in winter, when temperatures are colder. The energy used in both cases t change liquid water to water vapor is supplied by heat - supplied by the stove i the first case and by the Sun in the latter case. This energy is not lost. It is store in water vapor in the atmosphere as latent heat. Eventually, the water stored a 90
F 1
vapor in the atmosphere will condense to liquid again, and the energy will be released to the atmosphere. In the atmosphere, a large portion of the Sun’s incoming energy is used to evaporate water, primarily in the tropical oceans. Scientists have tried to quantify this proportion of the Sun’s energy. By analyzing temperature, water vapor, and wind data around the globe, they have estimated the quantity to be about 90 watts per square meter, or nearly 30 percent of the Sun’s energy. Once this latent heat is stored within the atmosphere/ it can be transported, primarily to higher latitudes, by prevailing, large-scale winds. Or itcan be transported vertically to higher levels in the atmosphere, where it forms clouds and subsequent storms, which then release the energy back to the atmosphere. 1. The passage mainly discusses how h e a t__________ .
/
A. is transformed and transported in the Earth’s atmosphere. B. is transported by ocean currents. c . can be measured and analyzed by scientists. D. moves about the Earth’s equator. 2. The passage mentions that the tropics differ from the Earth’s polar regions in which of the following ways? / A. The height of cloud formation in the atmosphere B. The amount of heat they receive from the Sun c . The strength of their large scale winds D. The strength of their oceanic currents 3. The underlined word “convert” is closest in meaning to __________ . A. mix B. change c . adapt D. reduce 4. Why does the author mention “ th e stove ” in line 11? A. To describe the heat of the Sun ) B. To illustrate how water vapor is stored c . To show how energy is stored D. To give an example of a heat source 5. According to the passage, most ocean water evaporation occurs especially . A. around the higher latitudes B. in the tropics c . because of large-scale winds D. because of strong ocean currents 6. According to the passage, 30 percent of the Sun’s incoming energy A. is stored in clouds in the lower latitude B. is transported by ocean currents c . never leaves the upper atmosphere * D. gets stored as latent heat
'
' 91
7. The underlined word “it" refers t o __________ . A. square meter B. the Sun’s energy c . latent heat
D. the atmosphere
8. The underlined word “primarily ” is closest in meaning t o __________ . A. chiefly
B. originally
c . basically
D. clearly
9. The word underlined “prevailing ” is closest in meaning t o _______ A. essential
B. dominant
c . circular
D. closest
10. All of the following words are defined in the passage EX C EPT_________ . A. low latitudes (line 1)
B. latent heat (line 5)
c . evaporate (line
D. atmosphere (line 13)
IV.
7)
GUIDED CLOZE TEST
2a Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, c or D) bestfits each space. BUSINESS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
These days in business, people have to face many challenging question; when designing and implementing new projects in undeveloped areas of the countryside. One issue which has to be faced is whether it is possible tc introduce new technology without destroying the local environment.
Economic (1).........and environmental conservation are often seen as natura enemies. It is unfortunate that in the past this has often been true, and it hai
been necessary to choose between (2)......... the project or protecting the environment. However, by taking environmental considerations (3)............ at ar early stage in a project, companies can significantly reduce any impact on loca plants and animals.
For example, in southern Africa, a company called CEL was asked to put UỊ 410 km of a power transmission line without disturbing the rare birds w hid
inhabit that area. The project was carried out with (4)...... disturbance las summer. What may surprise many business people is the fact that till! consideration for local wildlife did not in any way (5).........down the project
Indeed, the necessary advance planning (6)......... with local knowledge anc advanced technology, (7).........that the project was actually completed ahead 0] schedule. CEL was contracted to finish the job by October and (8)............ to dc so two months earlier.
CEL is one of those companies which is (9)............ to the principle 0] environmental conservation. Many other companies have yet to be (10)......Ol the importance of balancing the needs of people with those of the environment However, it may be the only realistic way forward. 92
\ A. development 2. A. running 3. A. deeply 4. A. bare 5. A. turn 6. A tied 7. A. led 8. A. pianaged 9. A. promised 10. A. argued
B. progression B. dealing B. gravely B. smallest B. slow B. combined B.caused B. succeeded B. persuaded B. convinced
c. rise c. controlling c. seriously c. least c. speed c. added c. resulted c. aqhieved c. convicted c. urged
D. D. D. D. D. D. D. D.
increase leading severely minimal hold related meant fulfilled D. committed D. impressed
_
B. W RITTEN TE ST L VERB TENSES/FORMS 2a Use the correct form s/ tenses o f the given words. • (1 )_________ (I / not do) the test for the time being, I (2) ___________(play) football with you. • My brother (3) __________ (work) in Australia for the last year, so by the time he (4 )__________ (return) the month after next, I ( 5 ) ___________ (not see) him for 14 months. • The US postal service policy for check approval includes a requirement that two pieces of identification (6 )_________■ (present). • We would like ( 7 ) _____________ (invite) to the president’s reception, but we w eren’t. • Father (8) (pay) a deposit on die car, but then he (9) • (tell) that it (10)_____________ (promise / already) to someone else.
II. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERẸS is. Complete each o f the following sentences with (a) suitable preposition(s) or particle(s). J 1. The concert was so popular that people who had not bought tickets in advance was tu rned____ . 2. The teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted came___________ a good answer. 3 .1 agree with most of what you said, but I can’t go letting children leave school at 14.
■
your idea of
4. What chemical is this? It’s giving________ a horrible smell. 5. Learning English isn’t so difficult once you g e t__________________ it. 6. Venomous snakes have modified teeth connected _ _ _ _ _ poison glands in which the venom is secreted and stored. 93
7. The effects of the anesthetics w ore______ after a couple of hours. 8. The secretary was reduced_______ tears by the manager’s behavior. 9. Owing to circum stances________ our control, the flight to Rome has been cancelled. 10. The boss hasn’t told me anything yet, but I think it’s only the lu ll________ storm. III.
WORD FORMS
2a Supply each gap with the correct form of the word given in the box. colony
advantage
accessevolve
settle
establish
plantsufficient
wild
isolate
The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow (1)______ of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure, in North America, they started as (2)_______ communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century. In the early (3)_________ days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and the Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising (4)_______ were, accordingly, (5)
located in port
cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior (6)_______ Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other citie.s flourished, and as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance. This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as (7)_______, rather than around towns, as was the case in die areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local (8)______and the economic (9)_______ of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained theừ independence because they were located on navigable streams and each had a wharf (10)________to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desừe to have it front on a water highway. 94
IV. ERROR IDENTIFICATION 2SLIdentify 10 errors in the following passage and correct them. (0) has been done as an example. It was the human factor that contributes to the absolute 0. was —> is majority of road accidents which involves the tremendous toll ........................... of fatalities each year. Other, less decisive, causes are vehicle functions or road shortcomings. Ỉ; Speeding motorists are notorious about failing to give way at junctions, judging the situation on the road or being unable to accurately estimate the distance while overtaking th e ‘snailpacers’ ahead. Drinkers who settle behind the wheel after one glass or two may be running die risk of causing a tragedy through theừ impairing perception, which is not so rare a case, again. / Unfortunately, it is much simpler to introduce the necessary alterations in the traffic system that change the behavioural patterns of drivers. There are voices that more ........................... severe disciplinary resolutions ought to put into practice if the ........................... 1 vehicle users are to benefit from greater security on me road. ............ .... •;•••• The idea of producing safe road users through pre-school ........................... parental instruction or through incorporating the safety ........................... regulations for the school curriculum has been widely .......................... acclaimed in many communities and are expected to yield the requứeđ results as the first step in bettering the qualifications of the future drivers and acquaint them with the potential hazards that may arise en route. V. OPEN CLOZE TEST St Fill in each o f the following blanks with ONE suitable word. We all now that life on earth can be depressing at times, But if it’s really (1) ^__ you down, why not think about the possibility of moving to, a different , environment. It’s assumed that by the year 2050 technological solutions will enable people to settle on other planets with a perfect potential for generating their own energy out of local (2 )_____. However, there are plenty of (3 )___ _ to overcome until the first successful settlement on Mars, for example, is viable. Outer space is known to be a hostile environment with no oxygen to breathe and extremely low temperatures approaching absolute zero. The solar and cosmic (4)______can also prove to be lethal for fragile earthly organisms. Although we take our elementary life support system for ( 5 ) ____here on 95
earth, there is no saying what might happen if we set out on a trek in spa< without the protection of the earthly atmosphere. Happily, the contemporai space ( 6 ) _____ have been thoroughly planned to defend our astronauts again the immensely adverse (7) ____ of the inhospitable surroundings of spac Therefore, they are located in hermetic and sealed cabins with a fresh (8 )__ of air and conditions simulating those on earth. The first step towards (9) ___ colonization is still to be made. The (10)___ _ a that the pioneers will only be provided with the most necessary equipment and th theừ advancement will be carefully examined by the experts in a variety of fieli including astronomy, medicine, physics and biology. VI. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Rewrite the sentences with the given words at the beginning or in the brackt in such a way that their meanings remain unchanged. 1. As there are no more questions, I think we can end the meeting. -» There...... ................................................................. .......................................... 2. Has anybody been hurt in the road collision? -» Has anybody come................... ........................................................................ 3. The direct aim of the statement is to make the public aware of the prese situation. -» The statement boils...... ............................................... ..................................... 4. Jack isn’t so much interested in Lisa as in her parents’ big fortune. -» L isa ......................................................................... ............................................ 5. The community spoke enthusiastically about the recently elected mayor, (sang) -» The community......................................................................................prais< 6. I wanted to make sure that all my good work wasn’t wasted in that Wi (waste) -> I wanted to prevent........................................................................................... 7. The handling of the matter has been heavily criticized by the press, (scorn) -» The press...........................................................................................................
/
8. Joan was not sure if it was a good idea to employ such young staff, (misgivil -» ..................................................................................................................................
9. In my opinion, it was an absolute miracle that they survived the accide (short) -> The fact that....................................................................................................... 10. By leaving Mary alone, I’m sure she’ll finish the project on time, (devices -» If Mary................................................. . I’m sure she’ll finish the project on tir 96
(
ĐỂ THÍ NĂM 2012 ................ t i A M U L T IP L E C H O IC E Q U E S T IO N S
I. PHONOLOGY 1 Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that >• of the others in each group. (5 pts) |- A considerate B. candidate c . associate D. adequate 2 A. warranty B. wasabi c . wallop D. wander 3 .) A. sanctuary B. manky c . sanguine D. redundant 4 A. modal B: model c . modest D. modem 5. A. bathing B. method c . bathroom D. width 2i Choose the word whose main stressed syllable is placed differently from that of the others in the list. (5 pts) 6. A. disinter B. cadaver c . cathedral D. attorney J: A. substantial B. technological c . exponential D. infiltration 8. A. monetary B. paralysis c . protagonist D. analogous 9; A. arithmetic B. assassinate c . agriculture D. controvert 10.A. tuberculosis B. mathematician c . communication D. inheritance ỊỊ. VOCABULARY & STRUCTURE «*■Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences. (20 pts) 1. What happened _ _ _ _ _ their car broke down on the motorway so they didn’t get to Jo’s wedding on time. A. to be that B. being that c . was that D. to that 2. The restaurant is popular with film stars and th e_______ . A. like B. same c . similar D. such 3. I’m sorry t o _______ , but did you happen to mention the same “Fiona”? A. butt in B. cut you c . intercede D.jump 4. John was _ something under his breath, but I didn’t catch what he said. A. whispering B. muttering c . growling D. swallowing 5. Don’t take it as _ _ _ _ _ that you’ll be promoted in your job; other colleagues stand a good chance too. / A. fixed B. standard c . read D. word 6. A common cause o f _______ is the use of untreated water in preparation for foods, which is quite common in certain underdeveloped countries. A. displeasure B. malnutrition c . eupepsia D. dysentery 7. The police promised him _____from prosecution if he co-operated with them fully. A. safety B. protection c . immunity D. absolution 8. Public television stations are different from commercial stations _____ . A. because they receive money differently and different types of shows B. for money and program types c . in the areas o f funding and programming , D. because the former receives money and has programs differently from the latter 97
9. I don’t think it would be wise to try to make Max change his mind abou divorcing Barbara. Well, in his place I _______ her at all. A. would never have married B. needn’t have married c . would never marry D. must never have married 10.Once known as the “Golden State” because of its gold mines,_______ . A. North Carolina today mines few metallic minerals B. few metallic minerals are mined in North Carolina today c . there are few metallic minerals mined in North Carolina today D. today in North Carolina few metallic minerals are mined 11.Charles Babbage’s “difference engine” is widely regarded as th e _______ 0 modem computers. A. precedent B. precursor c. ancestor D. antecedent 12.According to psychiatrists, many violent criminals harbor a feeling o f and insecurity. A. insufficiency B. shortagec . inadequacy D. scarcity 13. It must be true. I heard it straight from th e_mouth. A. dog’s B. horse’sc . camel’s D. cat’s 14.1 am fully prepared for my interview and I am confident that I can answer an questions they may care to _______ me. A. throw at B. drop onc . slide to D. roll to 15.I’m afraid we h av e _______ a lot o f criticism over our decision to close thí hospital. A. come in for B. come round c . come out with D. come up with 16.She was unaware that she had been under______ _ since her arrival. A. review B. consideration c . discussion D. surveillance 17.The saucepan fell onto the floor with a great_________________________ . A. clatter B. whoosh c . crunch D. squeak 18. Ỉ thought that Wendy’s action was rather out o f ____ . A. personality B. character c . being D. role 19. The planes were delayed and the hotel was awful, but______we still had a gooi time. A. on the contrary B. by the same token c . on top of al l that D. for all that 20. Unsalted butter is best for this recipe, but that, margarine will do. A. except B. failing c. for all of / D. given III. READING COMPREHENSION Reading 1 You are going to read a newspaper article. For questions 1 - 10, choose the answer (A, B, c or D) Which you think fits best according to the text. (10 pts) How I found m y true voice As an interpreter, Suzanne Glass could speak only fo r others - but the work provided terrific materialfo r her first novel. 98
‘No, no, no! You’ve got to get away from this or you’re going to lose jt ’ The voice reverberating in my head was my own. I was at an international conference. My throat was killing me and my headphones were pinching. I had just been interpreting a speaker whose last words had been: ‘We must take very seriously the standardization of the length of cucumbers and the size of tomatoes.’ You can’t afford to have your own thoughts when you’re interpreting simultaneously, so, of course, I missed the speaker’s next sentence and lost his train of thought. Sitting in a darkened booth at the back of a huge conference hall, I was thrown. Fortunately, my colleague grabbed my microphone and took over. This high-pressure, high-output work was not quite the dream profession I had h oped for. Although I had fun with it in the beginning - occasionally being among the first to hear o f medical and political breakthroughs would be exciting for any 25-year-old -I realized that this was a job in which I would never be able to find my own voice. I had always known that words would be my life in one form or another. My mother thought she’d given birth to an alien when I began to talk at the age of seven months. That momentous day, she had placed my playpen in the hallway and gone into the bedroom. In imitation of the words she had repeated to me again and again, I apparently called out towards the bedroom door: ‘I see you. I see you.’ I was already in training for a career as a professional parrot. ;■ But how mistaken I was to think that international interpreting would be glamorous. The speaker rarely stops to think that there’s someone at the back of the room, listening to his words, absorbing their meaning, and converting them into another language at the same time. Often I was confronted with a droner, a whisperer or a mumbler through my headphones. The mumblers were the worst. Most o f the time, an interpreter is thought o f as a machine —a funnel, a conduit, which, I suppose, is precisely what we are. Sometimes, when those we are translating for hear us cough or sneeze, or turn round and look at us behind the smoky glass o f the booth, I think they’re surprised to see that w e’re actually alive. Ironically, part of the secret of interpreting is n©n-verbal communication. You have to sense when your partner is tired, and offer to take over. At the same time, you have to be careful not to cut him short and hog the microphone. Interpreters can be a bit like actors: they like to show off. You do develop friendships when you’re working in such close proximity, but there’s a huge amount of competitiveness among interpreters. They check on each other and sometimes even count each other’s mistranslations. Translating other people’s ideas prevented me from feeling involved and creative as an interpreter. Actually, you can’t be a creative interpreter. It’s a contradiction in terms. Sometimes, when I disagreed with a speaker, I wanted to rip off my headphones, jump up and run out of the booth, shouting: ‘Rubbish. Rubbish. You’re talking a lot of nonsense, and this is what I think about it.’ Instead, I had to sit there and regurgitate opinions in violent contradiction with my own. Sometimes, I’d get my revenge by playing games with the speaker’s tone of voice. If he was being serious, I’d make him sound jocular. If he was being light-hearted, I’d make him sound earnest.
99
Ị
Eventually, I wanted to find a career where my own words would matter and where my own voice would be heard. So, to redress the balance, I decided to write a novel. While I was writing it, I did go back and interpret at a few conferences to get inside the head of Dominique, my main character. At first, I was a little rusty and a couple of the delegates turned round to glare at me, but after twenty minutes, I was back into it, playing that old game o f mental gymnastics. Interpreting is like learning to turn somersaults: you never forget how to do it. But for me, sitting in the booth had a ghost-like quality to it - as though I had gone back into a past life - a life that belonged to the time before I found my own voice. 1. In the first paragraph, the writer says she discovered that A. there were some subjects she had no interest in dealing with. B. the standard o f her work as an interpreter was getting lower. c . her mind was wandering when she should have been doing her job. D. she could no longer understand subjects she had previously covered. 2. What does the writer say about being an interpreter in the second paragraph? A. It was the kind of job her parents had always expected her to do. B. It turned out to be more challenging than she had anticipated. c . It was what she had wanted to be ever since she was a small child. D. It gave her access to important information before other people. 3. What does the writer say about speakers she interpreted for? A. Some of them had a tendency to get irritated with interpreters. B. She particularly disliked those she struggled to hear properly. c . They usually had the wrong idea about the function o f interpreters. D. Some of them made little attempt to use their own language correctly. 4. The writer says that relationships between interpreters A. can make it difficult for interpreters to do their jobs well. B. are affected by interpreters’ desires to prove how good they are. c . usually start well but end in arguments. D. are based on secret resentments. 5. The writer says that when she disagreed with speakers, she would sometimes A. mistranslate small parts of what they said. B. make it clear from her tone o f voice that she did not agree, c . exaggerate their point of view. D. give the impression that they did not really mean what they said. 6. The writer says that when she returned to interpreting, A. she did not start off very well. B. she briefly wished she had not given it up. c . she thought that two of the delegates recognised her. D. she changed her ideas about the main character in her novel. 7. What is the writer's main point in the article as a whole? A. It is not always a good idea to go into a profession because it looks glamorous. B. Most interpreters eventually become disillusioned with the work. 100
c . Being an interpreter did not allow her to satisfy her need to be creative. D. Most interpreters would actually like to do something more creative. 8 Which is the closest in meaning to momentous in ‘Thai momentous day ’? A. unimportant B. historic c . momentary D. hard '9 Which is the closest in meaning to ‘to glare’? A to glower B. to caress c . despise D. wonder 10. Which is the closest in meaning to ‘simultaneously’? A. all again B. all at once c . once and for all D. once too often Reading 2 v Read the following passage and fill in each blank with a suitable phrase or sentence from the list below. (10 pts) Bringing up children Where one stage o f child development has been left out, or not sufficiently experienced, the child may have to go back and capture the experience o f it. (1) / :________ - for example, by providing the opportunity for the child to play with a clockwork car or toy railway train up to any age if he still needs to do so. This principle, in fact, (2)_________ of children in difficulties with their development, and is the basic of work in child clinics. The beginnings o f discipline are in the nursery. F^en the youngest baby is taught by gradual stages to wait for food, to sleep and wake at regular intervals and so on. If the child feels the world around him is a warm and friendly one, he slowly accepts its rhythm and accustoms himself to conforming to its demands. (3) _ _ _ particularly for food, is a very important element in upbringing, and IS achieved successfully only if too great demands are not made before the child can understand them. Every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition o f each new skill: the first spoken words, (4)_________ , or the beginning o f reading and yvriting. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of anxiety in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early; a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of -the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, (5) he loses his natural zest for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Learning together is a fruitful source o f relationship between children and 'parents. (6)_____________ . Toys and games which both parents and children can share are an important means of achieving this co-operation. Building-block toys, jigsaw puzzles and crosswords are good examples. Parents vary greatly (7) _________ towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters; others are severe over times of coming home at night, punctuality for meals or personal cleanliness. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values o f the community (8) V 101
With regard to the development of moral standards in the growing child, (9) . To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are hypocritical and do not practice what they preach, their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure (1 0 )_________ , and realize they have been, to some extent, deceived. A sudden awareness o f a marked difference between their parents' ethics and their morals càn be a dangerous disillusion. The list of phrases and sentences A. in their degree o f strictness or indulgence B. consistency is very important in parental teaching c . or without any learning opportunities D. underlies all psychological treatment E. By playing together, parents learn more about their children and children learn more from their parents F. Learning to wait for things G. as much as the child's own happiness and well-being H. when they grow old enough to think for themselves I. A good home makes this possible J. the first independent steps IV. GUIDED CLOZE TEST Read the following passage and choose the options that best complete the blanks. (lOpts) Warning on global warning Global warning could cause drought and possibly famine in China, the source of much o f Hong Kong’s food, by 2050, a new report predicts. Hong Kong could also be ( 1 ) __________ from flooding as sea level rose. The report ( 2 ) ___________ building sea-walls around low-lying areas such as the new port and airport reclamations. ( 3 ) __________ by the world Wide Fund of Nature (WWF), the report, which includes work by members of the Chinese Academic meteorological Sciences, uses the most recent projections on climate change to point to a gloomy (4) for China. By 2050 about 30 to 40 per cent of the country will experience changes in the type of vegetation it (5) ______ , with tropical and subtropical forest conditions (6) _______ northward and hot desert conditiơns rising in the west where currently the desert is temperate, crop-growing areas will expand but any benefit is expected to be negated by increased evaporation of (7 ) __________ , making it too dry to grow crops such as rice. The growing season also is expected to (8) _______ , becoming shorter in southern and central China, the mainland’s (9) ■The rapid changes make it (10)__________ that plants could adapt. 1. A. at a loss 2. A. comments 3. A. To publish 4. A. outlook 5. A. supports 102
B. at risk c . at it again B. realizes c . agrees B. Having published c . Published B. perspective c . view B. grows c . raises
D. at random D. recommends D. Publishing D. sight D. rises
6. A. 7 . A. 8. A. 9 A. 10.
B. running B. land B. reshape breadwinner B. B. A. unforthcoming
shifting soil remain breadline unlikely
c. dashing c . moisture c . rotate c . breadbasket c. unchanged
D. D. D. D. D.
rushing humid alter breadboard unregulated
W R IT T E N T E S T I. VERB TENSES / FORMS _________ wild plants. In order to find food, they/had to move from place to place. The gradual development of agricultural tools and (17)__________ methods meant that people no longer had to wander in (18)______ _ of food, but would settle in villages. Although most technology benefits people, some inventions, such as weapons on our lives. Others have been both of war, have had harmful (1 9 )______ ■ , beneficial and harmful. The car, for example, is a fast, convenient means of transport, but has also (20)__________ greatly to the problem of air pollution. II. WORD FORM S (20pts) PART 1: Give the correct form of words in brackets 1. As a result of this conflict, he lost both his home and his means o f _______ . (LIFE) / 2. A new book claims to have proved th a t _______ moisturing creams really can help to make your skin look younger. (ÀGE) 3. His intellect and mental __________ have never been in doubt. (AGILE) 4. He examined the parcel_____ , as he had no idea what it would be. (SUSPECT) 5. Jackie suffered as a child from a very strict_____■(BRING) 6. Jane has succeeded in making herself j ________ to Mr. Parker. She does ' ■ eveiything for him. (DISPENSE) 7. I w a s __________ by Angelina’s loud and aggressive voice and so chose to remain silent throughout the discussion. (TIMID) 8. Fishing is said to be the most popular___ sport in the UK. (PARTICIPANT) 9. “Have you got any __________ about the corporation?” ~ “Oh, no, I’m sure it will be successful.” (GIVE) \ 115
10. To the couple’s expectation, the birth of th e ir__________ baby lighted up the house with laughter. (LONG) PART 2: Supply each gap with the correct form of the word given in the box. DECORATE PROGRESS CONCEIVE INCREASE DRA MA__________ VACATE
SUCCEED RESIDE
APPEAR COMPARE
The Winterthur Museum is a collection and a house. There are many museums devoted to the (11) _________ arts and many house museums, but rarely in the United States is a great collection displayed in a great country house. Passing through (1 2 )_________ _ generations o f a single family. Winterthur has been a private estate for more than a century. Even after the extensive renovations made tc it between 1929 and 1931, the house remained a family (1 3 )________ This facl is of importance to the atmosphere and effect of the museum. The impression of a lived-in house is (1 4 )__________ to the visitor; the rooms look as if they were (15) _ _ _ _ _ _ only a short while ago whether by the original owners of the furniture or the most recent residents o f the house can be a matter o f personal interpretation. Winterthur remains, then, a house in which a collệctiọn of furniture and architectural elements has been assembled. Like an English country house, it ii an organic structure, the house, as well as the collection and manner of displaying ii to the visitor, has (16) __________ changed over the years. The changes hav< coincided with developing concepts o f the American arts, (17) _________ knowledge on the part of collectors and students, as a (1 8 )_________ toward the achievement of a historical effect in period-room displays. The rooms at Winterthui have followed this current, yet still retained the character o f a private house. The ( 1 9 )__________ o f a period room as a display technique has develops gradually over the years in a effort to present works of art ina context that wouk show them to greater effect and would give them more meaning for the viewer (2 0 )__________ to the habitat group in a natural history museum, the period rootĩ represents the decorative arts in a lively and interesting manner and provides ai opportunity to assemble objects related by style, date, or place o f manufacture. III. ERROR RECOGNITION (10 pts) Identify 10 errors in the following passage and correct, them 1 The traditional definition of literate is considered to be the ability to read and write 2 or the ability to use language to read, write, listen, and speak. In modem contexts 3 the word refers to reading and writing at level suitable for communication, or at i 4 level that lets one understand and communicate ideas in a literate society, so as t( 5 take part in that society. The United Nations Educational Scientific and Culture 6 Organization (UNESCO) has drafted the following definition: “Literacy is the ability 7 to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate and compute, using printei 8 and written materials associated with varying contexts. Literacy involves a continui 9 of learning to enable an individual to achieve his or her goals, to develop his, or he 116
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
ability and potential, and to participate full in the wider society.” Many policy analysts consider literacy rates a crucial measure of a region human capital. This claim is done on the foundations that literate people can be trained less expensively than illiterate people, generally have a higher socio-economic state and enjoy better health and employment prospects. Policy makers also argue that literacy increases job opportunities and access to higher education. In Kerala, India, for example, female, and child mortality rates declined in the 1960s, when girls who were educated in the education reforms after 1948 began to raise families. Recent researchers, however, argue that correlations such as, the one listed above may have more to do without the effects of schooling rather than literacy in general. Regardless, the demand for educational systems worldwide include a basic context around communication through test and print, that is the foundation o f most definitions of literacy.
ỊV. SENTENCE TRANSFORM ATION (20pts) Rewrite the sentences so that they mean almost the same as the ones before them 1. I was not willing to buy the product because it was too expensive. (OFF) -> The s h e e r___________________________ 2. We never buy things in small quantities as we would make profit. (BULK) - > W ith
_______________________________/ _____________________________
3. We really loved to have a chance to visit the Colosseum but we couldn’t. (FOOT) -> We would sooner________________________________________________ 4. The committee had a long discussion but they could not make up their mind. (REACH) -» Lengthy _______________________________________________________ 5. He decided to become the boss of a small company instead of working for a multinational company. (FISH) -> In preference ____________ _________/__________ _____ ____________ 6. It was not surprising when my, parents were furious with my getting a tattoo. (ARMS) -»It came ________________________________________________________ 7. You could be in trouble for not giving a breath sample to the police. (HOT) -> On refusal _________________ _________________ __________________ 8. We certainly will win if we exchange ideas with each other. (HEADS) -» We are bound_________________________ _____________ ____________ 9. If anyone succeeds in solving the problem right away, it will probably be him. (SPOT) -» He stands _________________________________________ ■ ________ iơ.He is famous for his vast knowledge of primitive religion. (AUTHORITY) -» He 117
ĐÁP ÁN ĐỀ THI NĂM 1998 PART ONE A. 1. A
2. A
3. c
4. B
5. A
6. D
7. c
8. D
9. A
10. D
B. demonstrative
preferential
extravagant
prejudice
monopoly
personnel
legitimate
horoscope
impetus
sabotage
PART TWO A. l.c 6. c
2. A 7. A
3. A 8. A
4. A 9. c
5. D 10. B
B. 1. economic 5. inexperience 9. unrecognizable
2. practices 6. quarrelsome 10. confidential
3. financially 7. lubricant
PART TH REE A. 3. for a. 1. out 2. on; of 7. out 5. u p / for 6. down 10. under; for; out 9. through / with 2. show off b. 1. drawn up 5. make for 4. went through B. 1. finish / have finished; will have graduated 2. frightened; had happened 3. know; has been moved; were sent; to be cured 4. being asked; to wait; expected; to see 5. bitten 6. have lived 7. be postponed 8. house-hunting; to ask 9. waiting; should have informed 118
4. prosperity 8. renewable
4. up; onto 8. from; to 3. showed up
pa rt fo u r
A. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
He is considered a lecturer rather than a teacher. Nowhere will you find a school whose pupils get such results. No matter how intelligent you are, you should be careful about this. Much as I admire his courage, I think he’s foolish. It is easy for them to get used to swimming soon. An increased numbers of travelers are bcipg stopped by customs officials this week. 7. Due to the rccent increase in robberies, the police are advising vigilance. 8. My mother gave birth to only one child. 9. At no time did he suspect that the money had been stolen, io.l can’t make out a single word of this letter. B. 1. The word is on the tip of my tongue. 2. I caught her smoking / she was caught smoking in the bathroom. 3. Many people nowadays find it increasingly difficult to make ends meet / both ends meet. 4. He had no choice but apologize. 5. In the event of it costing too much, w e’ll have to consider. 6. The explores took no notice of the mosquitoes. 7. Try to keep your head even if you don’t know what is going to happen. 8. John blew up the tires of his bicycle. 9. The onset of the disease is a feeling of faintness. PART FIVE A. l.!pronunciation 5. social 9. with B. l.D 2. c
2. both 6. difficult 10. link/relation 3. D
4. B
3. commonly 7. who/ that
4. British 8. accent
5. B
ĐẼ THI NAM 1999 PART ONE A. l.A
2. D
3. D
4. c
6. A
7. A
8. D
9. B
5. A
119
B. photographer
ancestor
documentary
improvement
premium
abyss
prosecute
sympathetically
necessary
employee
PART TWO A.
l.A
2. c
3. B
4. A
5. c
6. c
7. B
8. A
9.B
10. c
B. 1. formula
2. unreliable
3. bypass
4. preferable
5. tolerant
6. admission
7. prosperity
8. beneficial
9. illiteracy
10. acknowledge
PART TH REE A. 1. around 6. for
2 from
3. up
4. out
7. off
8. at
9. in
5. against
B. 1. broadening
2. be cancelled
3. to know
4. kept; shut
5. be drawn
6. is going to rain
7. should have been here; went
8. wouldn’t have been
PART FOUR A. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Some people are strange to alternative medicine. Already this year fifteen people have been killed in industrial accidents. Failure to obey the regulations may cause your disqualification. With the hope to win the first prize, he tried hard. Since they had made all the aưangements, they decided to go any w Most students are capable of working very hard when they feel like i Not until he came into the light did I recognize him. The excuse for defending their territorial rights accounts for their declaration of war. 9. There’s no need to make an appointment to see the personnel manager. 10. Would it be possible for me to talk to someone about my problem?
B. 1. I was fascinated by the story she told me. 2. I’ve fed up with going to the same place all the 120
time.
I 3. They have put the blame on mass tourism for one of the causes of the problems. 4. The rain was coming down cats and dogs. 5. People can apply for a job with us irrespective of thcừ race, creed or color. 6. Kate is popular with all teachers. 7. My daughter has grown out of that jumper you knitted for her. 8 He has a reputation for being a very hard bargainer. 9. He doesn’t take his wife for granted. 10.The initial outlay on the project was $15,000. part fiv e
■’f’ i 1. team 6. able B. l.T 6. F
2. when 7. collecting 2. F 7. F
3. becoming back
4. foot 9. if/whether
4. T 9. F
3 .T 8. F
5. able 10. always
5. F 10. T
ĐỀ THI NĂM 2000 PART ONE A. 0; l. c 6 D
2. B 7. B
3. A 8. D
4. c 9. c
5. D 10. c
B. ambuscade revenue PART TWO A. l.c 6. C B.
decimeter tarpaulin
2. D
7. B
abacus fertile
3 . C/ 8. Á
formica comparable
synonymous septicaemia
4. B 9. c
5. B 10. A
2. Indefensible 1. underestimated 5. activated 4. unilateral 7. disrepair 8. incessantly 10. deforestation/ disafforestation
3. luxuriating 6. additives 9. visualize
PART THREE A. 1. through
2. out
3. within
4. aưon
5. round
6. up on
7. to
8. after
9. on ,
10. on 121
B.
1. be abolished (should be abolished) 3. hadn’t done 6.
had turned; lost
4. couldn’t have got
2. had been disturbed - was 5. being dried
7. began; had often lived
PART FOUR A. 1. 2. 3. 4.
That day was a memorial one for me. We shall soon find a solution to our present financial problems. It’s really odd that you and I should meet in the middle of Africa. Much to our regret we must/have to inform you that your application has not been successful. 5. How dare you imply that it was all my fault. 6. He didn’t hesitate to help me. 7. Unlike other languages, Esperanto has no irregular verbs. 8. It never occurred to him to tell her. 9. I couldn’t resist the temptation to buy the dress. lO.She has gone off the idea.
B.
1. The response to the charity appeal was very poor. 2. His career (as a doctor) has been put in jeopardy because of his irresponsible attitude. / His irresponsible attitude is putting his career (as a doctor) in jeopardy. 3. That wasn’t what I meant at all. You’ve got (hold of) the wrong end of the stick, 4. I don’t like him because he has a big mouth. 5. He took to the new job like duck to water. 6. You will have to turn over ạ new leaf if you want to succeed. 7. The new musical has taken theatfc audiences by storm. 8. Even though the election is tomorrow, maiiy voters still sit on the fence about whom they are going to vote for. 9. He’s in two minds about whether to go or not. 10. She is very knowledgeable about ancient Egypt. PART FIVE A. 1. self 2. human 6. shed 7. serve
3. function 8. manly
B. 1-5-2-7 -3 -8 - 10-4-6-9 122
4. reduction 9. Intense
5. pain 10. harmful
ĐỂ THI NĂM 2001 PART ONE A. l.A
2. B
3. A
4. c
5. D
6. B
7. B
8. c
9. c
10. A
B.
j
Is1 syllable:
petrogencist, cumulative, monetarism, educator, chivalrous, voluntary, triangle
2 syllable:
gastronomy, luxuriance, presidium, tattoo
3'd syllable:
suffragette, pharmaceutical, ascertain, documentary
4,h syllable:
cinematographer, memorabilia, incomprehensible
demonstrative,
personify,
PART TWO A. l.c
2. A
3. A
4 .D
6D
7. c
8. D
9. B
. 5. A 10.c
B. 1. disheartened
2. forthcoming
3. eyeful
4. enriching
5. over-expenditure 6. sub-zero
7. editorial
8.
10. Unaccompanied
non-aggression
9. inadequate
PART T H R EE A. I. t o
2. under
3. against
4. on
5. down
6. in
7. with
8. with; in
9. off
10. about; at
II. into
12. At; out; behind
, 14. out B.
13. up; with
15. on
1. was reported; to have been caused 2. will / shall have been studying 3. are always talking 4. should have prepared 5. were talking; passed 6 have been thinking; am; to have had 7. must have been tapped 123
] 8. will probably be living 9. will have been killed 10.hadn’t left 11.
will have finished
12. was; cancel 13. didn’t come; have never seen; would have been PART FOUR A.
1. Impressed (by the new camera) as / though we were / might be (by the new camera), we found it rather expensive. 2. He needn’t have brought the umbrella along (because it didn’t rain anyway). 3. She convinced the court that she was innocent. / She convinced the court of her innocence. 4. The last thing you can / could do is to phone the police. 5. W hat’s more, I would like to choose my own clothes. 6. There have been no changes to the team since last Saturday’s match. 7. W asn’t it possible for you to get a bus to the station? 8. W eren’t you so gullible, you couldn’t have believed the lies he told you. 9. The more qualifications you are able to / can amass, the more success you (can / will) make / successful you become in the academic field. 10.Despite my strong disapproval of your behaviour, I will help you this time. B. 1. It was obvious the old house had known / seen its better days. 2. I’m telling you this for fear that you might make a mistake. 3. They have security guards to / in order to / so as to discourage people from trying to steal. 4. That painting is not worth 500 pounds. / That painting is not worth paying 500 pounds for. 5. This government’s taxation policy has undergone a complete change since the last general election. 6. It will take us at least 30 minutes to get to the airport. 7. It suddenly dawned on Claire what a blunder she had made. 8. Peter is crazy about collecting stamps. 9. Don’t comc to / draw the conclusion that this job is easy. 10.Thc boy left no stone unturned in his attempt to find the missing photo of his mother. 124
p a r t f iv e
A.
1. considered
2. prejudice
3. history
4. sưength
5. where
6 . feeding
7. brains
8. increasingly
9. modern
10. superior
B.
l.c
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. c
l.G
2B
3. D
4. A
5. F
c. D. Ị. advertisings-» advertising 3. 5. 7. 9.
seriously -> serious live - » lives principle -> principally revisions -> reviews
2. millions -» million 4. violent ->■ violence 6. an -> the 8. themselves -> them 10. what which / that
ĐỂ THI NĂM 2002 »
PART ONE A.
l.B
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. B
6. A
7. A
8. B
9. A
10. A
B.
1st syllables: communism, wholesaler, liberator 2ndsyllables: grammatically, fraternal, hello, thermometer, inalienable 3rd syllable: trigonometry / 4th syllable: interviewee PART TWO A.
l.B
2.
B
3. D
4. B
5. A
6. c
7. c
8. B
9. c
10 B
B.
2. unfailingly
3. inaccessible
4. malpractices
5. advisory
6. outburst
7. impartiality
8. non-appearance
9. upbringing
10. breathlessly
1. disregard
125
PART TH REE A. I. up with
2. into
3. at
4. In; with
5. in
6. in
7. on; of
8. apart
9. up with
10. on
II. down
12. in
13. up with
14. through
15. To
16. without
17. off;on / on; off
19. up to
20. at
18. in
B. 1. has been designed; to be invading 2. reading; reading; ignore 3. is stored 4. would/ could have been 5. (should) try 6. will have been waiting 7. lived; did I realise; had cheated; to marry 8. should have gone 9. borrowing; had asked 10.rattling/ rattle; must have been 11
.remembers; being taken/ having been taken
PART FOUR A. 1. Never had she expected she was so successful. 2. Charming as//though Tony//he is//may be, Iwouldn’t trust him//Tony. 3. Rather than disturb the meeting, I left without saying goodbye. 4. In case o f emergency, ring this number. 5. The thief almost certainly came in through the window. 6. However experienced a driver you are//you are as a driver, driving at that speed is dangerous. 7. Unlike other languages, Esperanto has no irregular verbs. 8. Nowhere will/can you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs. Jones. 9. Such is the popularity of die play that the theatre is likely to be full every night. 10.A11 dogs are thought (by experts) to have evolved from wolves. 1. The chances are that all of you will be able to enter college. 2. I think his theory stands to reason. 3. Don’t make a mountain out of a molehill. 126
4. Mass tourism is partly to blame//to be blamed for the problem. 5. She isn’t really cut out for teaching. 6. Graham has devoted all his time to doing research. 7. You must resign yourself to the fact that she has left you. 8. My friend turned a deaf ear to my advice. 9. She came up to their expectations. 10.Mary prides herself on being a good cook. / PART FIV E A.
1. believes
2. Other
3. prey
6. whaling
7. L ater/T hen 8. persuade
4. instead
5. illegally
9. because
10. protected
B.
/ T .c
2.C
3. c
4. B
5. D
c. E -» F -» c -> D -» A -> B D.
1. can’t —» can
2.
this -» these
4. what —> that
5. economical -> economic
7. and -» or
8. grammatical -» grammar
/ 3 . making -»• makes
9. equipment -» equipping
6. with -» whose 10. work -> works
ĐỀTH IN Ă M 2003 PART ONE /1.
I . E.
2. D
3. Ạ'
4. A
5. c
6. A
7. c
8. D
9. B
10. D
B.
environmentally
individuality
nationalism
monomania
interviewee Interpol
teenager canary
cinematography differentiate PART TWO A.
1. A
2. c
3. B
6 .D
7. A
8. A
4. A 9. D
.
5. B 10. B 127
B. 1. unfailingly
2. disconnected
5. beheaded
6. unmanageable 7. heroically
9.
4. grandeur
3. infrequency
8. childlike
maladjusted 10. impartiality
PART TH R EE A. 1. into
2. with
3. to
4. with
6. On
7. from
8. on
9. at
5. with; to
B. I. 3. broke in
2. took (my company) over 4. looked on / were looking on
5. fallen out
6. went in for
7. flared up
8. buying up
9. turned down
10. Stand up to
1. bring him round
II. 1. was touring
2. had just read
3. hiding
4. contained
5. had described
6. Hesitating 8. was reading / read
7. must have been written 9. laughing
10. had written
III. 1. to have been admitted
2. could/would/might have helped
3. had known; was
4. will lend / lend
5. was being watched
6. shouldn’t have gone
7. was / is
8. promising; to lend
PART FOUR A. 1. With the exception of Philip, everyone else at the meeting was a pai member. 2. Were it not for the money, the job wouldn’t be worthwhile. 3. No formal announcement of the decision was made / given. 4. It was her firm belief that John was telling the truth. 5. He acts as if / as though he doesn’t care about anything. 6. Not only are cars responsible for air pollution, but they also cause me serious accidents. / but they cause more serious accidents as well. 7. Reluctant as / though he was to pay such a high price, he had no choice. 128
8. Once the opera had begun, late-comers had to wait before taking theừ seats. 9. For the time being, this is our office. lO.Such was the spectators’ anger / was the anger of the spectators that they had to cancel the football match. B. 1. They arrived at the station in the nick of time. 2. He was completely out of her mind. 3. This area depends (heavily) on tourism for'(its) income. 4. Alan was amazed to find (that) the passport office was closed when arrived. 5. Nobody lifted a finger to help me.
he
6. The man in die painting bears (strong/ close/ some) resemblance to my uncle. 7. W hat’s your objection to inviting Jackie to the party? 8. She has her hands full and/ so.cannot go shopping. 9. We should save our breath (by) not talking to that stubborn guy. / We shouldn’t waste our breath talking to that stubborn guy. 10. If there is a reduction in interest rates, the economic situation may improve. t
.ft..-
PART FIVE A. 1. population 5. materials 9. then 13. its
3. no
2. likely 6. rate IQ. that / which 1 4 .and
7. left 11. over 15. work / job
4. all/ probably 8. common 12. far
B. o .c
c.
IB
2. F
J
1. of —> for 2. that -> one 5. reasonable —» reasonably 7. began -» beginning 9. still —»and 11. too -» to 13. machine —>machines 15. weather —>climate
3. A 3. 4. 6. 8.
4. D
firstly —» first wide —> wild which -» where at - » in 10. easy -> easier 12. another -> one/ a 14. does —»did
5. E
ĐỀ THI NĂM 2004 PART ONE A. l.B 6. D
2. D 7. D
3. A
8. c
4. A 9. A
5.. A 10. c
B. irreparable controversial appendicitis
adolescent panorama miniature
PART TWO A. I. A. 2 .C 6. B. 7. A
3. D 8, A
innocent encyclopedia
4. c 9. A
preferable psychiatry
5. B 10. D
B. 1. unrecognizable 4 . cover-up 7. wasteful
2. personified 5. mystified 8. unreservedly
3. unqualified 6. embittered 9. originality
10. acquisition
PART TH REE A. I. 4. of 2. at 3. with; without I.of 8. of 9. of 7. on 6. from 5. for II. 2. died away 3. fell out with 1. taken in 5. draw up 6. ties in closely with 4. getting at 8. brought off 9. turn away 10. mix up 7. doing up B. I. 1. will have been digging 2. needn’t (wouldn’t) have borrowed 3. has happened; may/ mighư could have missed 4. think; said (has said); having heard 5. wouldn’t have passed; to become 6. to be left (being left) II. 1. appeared 5. was 130
2. to be facing 4. threatened
3. to save 6. was being eaten
7. left 8. meant 10. could/ might be handed
9. moving
PART FOUR
A. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Not only docs he paint in oil, but he also paints/does in watercolors. The very thought of his face at that moment makes me laugh. In the summer, the locals are vastly outnumbered by the tourists. If it weren’t for her patience and loyalty, she would have left him by now. It is not (very) likely that they will succeed.
B. 1. I have weighed up the pros and cons and I’ve decided not to go. 2. This house is a far cry from the little flat we used to live in. / 3. You must see to it that those things are done. 4. She stands a good chance of being elected. 5. I ’m dying to see her again. PART FIVE
A. 1. whether 2. contracted 3. pressure 5. Although / Though / While / Whereas 7. pain(s) 8. up 9. down
4. forms 6. or 10. other
B. 1. D
6. D
2. B 7. c
3. c
4. B
5. B
8. B
9. D
10. c
c. 1. at —> to 2. thief —> theft 4. brought-> had been brought 6. wiper -» wipers / 8. itself -> himself 9. c a rs -> car
3. left -> leaving 5. com m on-> usual 7. to apologize —> apologizing 10. anything -» something
ĐỀ THI NĂM 2007 QUESTION I. Phonetics A. l.B B. 1. A
2. A 2. A
3. D 3. c
4. D 4. D
5. B 5. B
QUESTION II. Vocabulary l.B 6, c
2. B 7. c
3. D 8. A
4 c 9. c
5. A 10. D 131
i
QUESTION III. Grammar
A. Put each verb in brackets in an appropriate form. 1. to have / built 2. broke / was being moved 3. taking 4. doing / to answer 5. are you all laughing/ has Roger told 6. will have finished B. Put the suitable preposition(s) in each o f the following blanks 1. to 2. about (of) 3. about (of) 4. to 5. about (for) 6. of 7. to 8. to 9. between 10. up QUESTION IV. Reading A. (From 1 - 7 : 1mark/answer; 8: 3marks) 5. c 6. c l.c 2. D 3. A 4 .c Close test 11. whether 6. an 1. it 12. out 2. make 7. with 13. because 3. With 8. by 14. as 9. for 4. most 15. than 5. which/ that 10. of
7. A
16. may/ could 17. that 18.be 19. to 20. in
QUESTION V. Use of English A. Sentence transform ation PART ONE: 1. It has been suggested that the minister should resign. 2. Many's the time that I've made stupid mistakes like that. 3.Contrary to your belief/ opinion,?fat people are not always jolly. 4. It was wrong o f you not to call the doctor at once. 5. Gary prides himself on never being late. PART TWO: 1. Many customs restrictions within EC have been done away with. 2. At the moment a new car is out of the question. 3 .1 take it for granted you’re hungry. 4. Ỉ know I can bring Dave round to my way of thinking on this matter. 5. The Rainbow Disco is out of bounds to students at tỊie school. B. Error correction
l.A
2. c
3. B 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. c
8. c
9. D 10. c
Total: 100 points
ĐỀ THI NĂM 2008 Part 1. PHONOLOGY (5 MS) l.B 2. B 3. D 6. A 7. c 8. A 132
8. B,
4. c
5. A
9. D
10. D
Part 2. ERROR IDENTIFICATION 11.B
12. D 17. B
16. D
13. c 18. A
14. A 19. D
15. D 20. B 25. A 30. B
part 3. VO CABULARY (5 M S)
21. A 26. c
22. B
23. D
24. c
27. D
28. B
29. D
33. B
3 4 /B 39. D
Part 4. STRUC TUR ES
31. D 36. D
32. c 37. A
38. c
35. D
40. c
MULTIPLE CHOICE TEST 002 P a r t i. PREPOSITIONS
/
l.c
2. A
3. c
6. D
7. B
8. A
5. A 10. A
4. B 9. A
Part 2. READING CO M PREHENSION
13. c
12. A 17. c
11.c
18. B 23. B
16. D 21. B 22 . c 27. D 26. B Part 3. CLOZE TE ST : 31. B 32. D 36. c 37. D
28. B
14. 19. / 24. ’ 29.
33. B 38. B
15. 20. 25. 30.
D A B c
A B B D
35. c
34. A 39. B
40. D
WRITTEN TEST P a r t i. CLOZE TE ST Cloze test ].
I. article 6. mention Cloze test 2. II. further 16. percent
2. increasing 7. less ■'
3. taste 8. who
4. intact 9. admit
5. leisure 10. remind
12. stretches 1 7 .round
13. width 18. cross
14. other 19. at
15. early 20. into
Part 2. WORD FORMS 1. outspoken
2. referen tial
3. overdose
4. commemorates
5. ov er-rated
6. dem oralized
7. w ell-being
8. imprisonment
11. surgery
12. deaths
9. •
expectancy 10. coziness
13. disinfectant
14. unfavorable
15. chemicals
16, technique
17.operations
18. alcohol
19. sterile
20. germicidal 133
P a rt 3. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 1. Only when/ after all the guests ... could we relax. 2. The older he got, the more his memory failed him. 3. But for his command of the local dialect, we would have been kept in prison. 4. We should save our breath by not talking to th a t... 5 .1
smelt a rat when
6. he takes his wife for granted 7. It was hard to keep a straight face when she ... 8. What conclusions have you drawn from this ...? 9. Peter came up with the best solution. 10. There was a sharp contrast between the writer’s writing style and his spoken language.
ĐỀTHI NĂM 2009 MULTIPLE CHOICE I. 1. a 2. d 3. II. 11. a 12. c 13. 21. c 22. a 23. III. 31. c 32. c 33. WRITTEN TEST I. 1. were traveling 4. should she win 7. has been expelled 10. went 13. stealing 16. phoned 19. have put
c
4. c
5. b
6. b
7. d
8. a
9. b
10. d
a c
14. b 24. b
15: d 25. c
16. a 26. d
17. c 27. d
18. a 28. a
19. a 29. a
20. c 30. c
d
34. a
35. b
36. c
37. b
38. a
39. c
40. d
2. 5. 8. 11. 14. 17. 20.
crashed has written to set can’t / couldn’t have been would have been reported was/got engaged advertised
3. 6. 9. 12. 15. 18.
taking is forever talking (should) be locked being taken must have been talking needn’t have worried
II. 1. 6. 11. 16. 134
on into in with
2. 7. 12. 17.
up for in up
3., 8. 13. 18.
in into out up
4. 9. 14. 19.
as on out to
5. 10. 15. 20.
to but/except with up
III. 1. 5. 9. 13. 17.
besieged indelible non-existent concentrations coagulant
1. 3. 5. 7. 9.
the law —> a law rather than —> other than lingual -> linguistic reverse —» reversal usage -» use
6.
threat where
2. contemptuous 6. disciplinary 10.erroneously 14.ensures 18. anti-inflammatory
3. 7. 11. 15. 19.
inappropriate outlay therapeutic venomous synthetic
4. 8. 12. 16. 20.
undertaking breathlessly moldy antibiotics consumption
IV.
2.
7.
rise survive
2. 4. 6. 8. 10.
in other measures -> among other measures a Basque language - ►the Basque language tolerable - » tolerant along —» but protests -» protest
3. marine 8 . by
4. fewer 9 to
5. level 10. action
VI. 1. 2. 3. 4.
has been poorly attended this year. from being friendly with him, I hardly even know him. as/though she works, she never seems to succeed. when the journalists arrived at the venue that they heard about the changes to the wedding. 5. make head or tail of this letter. 6. is no such address as the one Peter sent the parcel to. 7. I not caught his eye, Brian would have blurted out my secret. 8. has been up to scratch. 9. failure to get into university led to/caused / resulted in my father’s bitter disappointment. 10. When they broke the news, she didn’t turn a hair.
ĐỂ THI NĂM 2010 PART 1: M ULTIPLE - CHOICE QUESTIONS
A. PHONOLOGY (5 points) l. B 2. D 3. B 4. D
5. A
6. B
B. READING COMPREHENSION ll.c 12 . D13. c 14. c 15. A 16. D 21. B 22. B 23. A 24. c 25. D 26. c c. GUIDED CLOZE 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. c 35. B 36. A
7. A
8. D
9. B
10. B
17 . B 18 . c 19. A 27. B 28. A 29. D
20. B 30. D
37. D 38. c
40. D
39* B
135
PART 2: W RITTEN TEST
A. VERB FORM / TENSE (10 points) 1. Stayed 2. Has been raining 3. To have been fiddling 4. (should) be improved 5. Have gone 6. Must have been speeding 8. Is always entering 7. Having been ordered / being ordered 11. Has arrived 9. Married 10. Marry 14 Is sinking 12. Has been given 13. Constructed 17. Making 15. Have gradually eroded 16. Are assaulting 18. To avoid 19. Have been brought in 20. Expected B. PREPOSITIONS & PHRASAL VERBS (10 points) 3. putting across 1. brought on 2. blacked out 5. step down 6. passed over 7. dreaming...away 11. since 9. pack in 10. bear up 15. until 13. to 14. on 17. with 19. in 18. in
4. broke through 8. closed off 12. on 16. in 20. to
c . OPEN CLOZE: Fill each blank space with ONE appropriate word, the first one is done for you as an example. (20 points) 3. few 4. exception 1. true 2. to 8. upper 7. frequency 5. likely 6. until 12. inform 11. to 9. to 10. but 16. wear 15. thumb 13. along 14. permission 20. breaking 17. attention 19. instead 18. to D. WORD FORMATION 1. criminologist 2. objectionable 5. uninhabitable 6. uncompromising 10. intercollegiate 9. overexposure 13.dusty 14. metaphysical 17.critically 18. artfulness
3. depopulation 7. paranormal 11. successive 15. visions 19. "aesthetically
4. beautifier 8. renewed 12. inundated 16. disposed 20. skillfully
E. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION ' 1. Two men stole the old lady’s handbag. The old lady was robbed o f her handbag. 2. One of our philosophers is supposed to have said this. (ATTRIBUTED) This (saying) is attributed to one o f our philosophers. 3. The minister gave no precise figures about the casualties. The minister didn’t go into details about the casualties. 4. He threatened the officers with violence. He made threats o f violence against the officers. 136
A government official leaked the story to the world press. (WIND) The world press got wind o f the story from a government official. Fares will be very likely to go up again this autumn. It looks as i f fares will go up again this autumn. He’s becoming very successful. (PLACES) H e’s going places. They’re faced with the choice o f two alternatives. (HORNS) They ’re on the horns o f a dilemma. Owen is a good player but Rooney is better. Very good as/though Owen is as a player, Rooney is better. ). The president’s bodyguards stood behind him watching. Watchfully standing behind the president were his bodyguards. . ERROR IDENTIFICATION: I. attached (line 2) -» joined
2. does (line 2) -» makes
3. opponent (line 3) —» opponent’s
4. up (line 3) -» to
5. from (line 6) —> in
6. it (line 7) —» which
7. in (line 10) -» at
8. sorely (line 11) -> only
9. purposeless (line 13) -» purposeful
10. them (line 15) —> it
ĐÊTHI NAM 2011 A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
I. PHONOLOGY (10 points) ID
2. B
3. D
4. A
5. D
6. A
7. D
8. A
9. A
10. c
II. VOCABULARY & STRUCTURE (20 points) l.B 2. A 3. D 4. c '■ M - 6. c 7. B / 8. B 9 D 11.c 12. c 13. D 14. D 16. B
17. A
18. D
III. READING COMPREHENSION *8, Passage 1 (10 points) l.c 2. D 3. B 6. A 7. B 8.C Passage 2 (10 points) 1. A 2. B 3. B 6. D 7. c 8. A
5. c 10. B
15. A
19. B
20: D
4. A 9. D
5. D
4. D
5. B
9. B
10. D
10. B
137
IV. GUIDED CLOZE TEST (10 points) 1. A 2. A 3. c 6. B 7. D 8. A
4. D 9. D
5. B 10. B
B. W R ITTEN TEST
I. VERB TENSES/ FORMS (10 points) 1. Were I not doing 6. 2. would be playing 7. 3. has worked / has been working 8. 4. returns 9. 5. won’t have seen
(should) be presented to have been invited (had) paid was told
10. had already been promised
II. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS (10 points) 1. away (turn sb away: bắt ai quay lại, turn (sb) back làm ai quay trở lại nơi ban đầu) 2. up with (come up with: to find or produce an answer, a sum of money, etc. come up for) 3. along with (go along with = agree with) 4. off 5. down to 6. to (connected to sth: kết nối, connected with có liên quan tói) 7. off 8. to (be reduced to sth: to be forced into a particular state or condition usually a worse one) 9. beyond 10. before III. WORD FORMS (10 points) 1. evolution 5. Advantageously
2. wilderness 6. Settlements
9. Self-sufficiency
10 accessible
3. Colonial 4. Establishments 7. Plantations 8. Isolation
IV. ERROR IDENTIFICATION (10 points) 1. involves - » involve 6. that 2. functions -> malfunctions
7. to put -» to be put 8. for —> into
3. about -» for 4. judging -» misjudging
9. are - » is
5. impairing - » impaired
10. acquaint -» acquainting
V. OPEN CLOZE TEST: (10 points) 1. getting 2. resources 3. obstacles 6. expeditions 7. impact 138
than
8. supply
4. radiation 5. granted 9. space
10. prospects
VI. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 points) 1. There being no more questions, I think we can end the meeting. 2. Has anybody come to any harm in the road collision? 3. The statement boils down to making the public aware of the present situation. 4. Lisa doesn’t interest Jack so much as her parents’ big fortune, t 5. The community sang the recently elected mayor’s praises. , 6 .1 wanted to prevent all my good work from going to waste in that way. 7. The press has poured scorn on the handling of the matter. 8. Joan had misgivings about employing such young staff. 9. The fact that they survived the accident was nothing short of a mir(acle, in my opinion. 10. If Mary is left to her own devices, I’m sure she’ll finish the project on time.
ĐỀ THI NĂM 2012 A.
A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
I. PHONOLOGY 1. 1.e.
2.B.
3.D.
4. A.
5. A.
2. 6. A.
7. A.
8. A.
9.B.
10.D.
II.
'
VOCABULARY & STRUCTURE
I.e .
2. A.
3.A.
4.B.
5.C.
6. D.
II. B.
12. c .
13. B.
14.A.
15. A. 16. D.
I.e.
8. c.
17. A.
18. B. 19. B.
9. A.
10. A. 20. B.
III. READING COMPREHENSION Reading 1 1 .e. 2. D. 3. B. 4. B. 5. D. 6. A. 7. c . 8. B. 9. A. 10. B. Reading 2 1.1. A good home makes this possible 2. D. underlies all psychological treatment 3. F. Learning to wait for things 4. J. the first independent steps 5. c. or without any learning opportunities 6. E. By playing together, parents learn more about their children and children learn more from their parents 7. A. in their degree of strictness or indulgence 8. G. as much as the child's own happiness and well-being t 139
9. B. consistency is very important in parental teaching 10. H. when they grow old enough to think for themselves IV. GUIDED CLOZE 1. B. at risk 5. A. supports 9. c . breadbasket
TEST (10 pts) 2. D. recommends 6. B. shifting 10. B. unlikely
3. c. Published 7. c . moisture
4. A. outloo 8. D. alter
B. WRITTEN TEST I. VERB TENSE Put each verb in brackets in the correct tense or form (10 pts) 1. to be read/ reading 2. waiting 3. should have informed 4. asking 5. to keep 6. making 7. hadn’t been 8. accounts 9. must have forgotten 10.to turn Put each verb in brackets in the correct tense or form (10 pts) 1. began 2. was 3. to have realized 4. was giving 5. would take 6. laid 7. have generally accepted 8. was used 9. to reproduce 10. were cut 11. WORD FORM Give the correct form of words in bracket (10 pts) i . eounterfactuals 2. onside 3. irrevocable 4. renewals 5. intercollegiate 6. predetermined 7. spiritualized 8. supremacy 9. suspiciously 10. outfitted Supply each gap with the correct form of the word given in the box (10 pts) 1. precocious 2. overbred 3. unprecedented 4. moves 5. halfway 6. demolish 7. subject 8. excellence 9. naturally 10. subverted III. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS ^ Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions (10 pts) 1. These boots can be ordered directly from the manufacturers. 2. He escaped by passing himself off as a guard. 3. She refused to be a party to any violence. 4. Her sense of fun has rubbed off on her children. 5. We cannot afford to take risks when people’s lives are ạt stake. 6. Embarrassment rooted her to the spot. 7. The school ran into financial trouble when eighty percent of the staff went on strike. 8. Erica is an excellent colleague. She goes about her job calmly and efficiently. 9. There should be enough plates to go round/around. 10. Hundreds of people turned out in the rain to see their favorite pop star. 140 I
I romances —> romantics 3. not -» no 5. set -» setting 7 endearing -» endearment fr 9. like as Ị V. OPEN CLOZE TEST 2. whatever/what ■ 1. up 5.could/would
6. with
8. somewhere/anywhere
2. the —>a 4. out —> off 6. loss e la p se 8. with -» to 10. thinking -» to think 3. fact
4. Like/like
7. should 9. little 10. us
VI. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Rewrite each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as the one given (10 pts) 1. I’m not in the habit o f sleeping in the afternoon. ''2' Not for another five years did the whole truth about the murder come out. 3. No one seems to have predicted the correct result. 4. My grandfather didn’t have any recollection of phoning me last night 5 .1
didn’t feel up to playing football that day.
6. Laura had a lot of problems to contend with during her childhood. 7. Young children are apt to ask a lot of questions. 8. David seemed really ill at ease in front of all those people. 9. The press has poured scorn on the handling of the matter, i 10. When they broke the news, she didn’t turn a hair.
ĐỀ THI NAM 2013 MULTIPLE CHOICE TEST I.D 2. D 3. c 4. B 5. A 6.C 7. c 8. A 9. B 10. B II. B 12. A 13. A14. A 15. D 16. A 17. B 18. c 19. A 20. D 21 D 22. A 23. B24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. c 32. A 33. D34. c 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. D 40. B 41. c 42. B 43. A44. c 45. D 46. A 47. c 48. B 49. D 50. D 51. D 52. A 53. D54. c 55. B 56. D 57. c 58. B 59. A 60. D 61. c 62. A 63. c 64. c 65. D 66. A 67. B 68. c 69. c 70. B 71. A 72. B 73. A74. D 75. B 76. A 77. c 78. D 79. A 80. B WRITTEN TEST I. CLOZE TEST 141
Cloze test 1 I. defined 2.flexible 6. even 7. nature Cloze test 2 II. for 16. gathering
3. limited
4. far
5. lengthened
8. reactions 9. serve / act
12. from 13. latest 17. farming 18. search
10. On
15. impossible 14. Without 19. effect 20. contributed
II. WORD FORMATION P art 1: I. livelihood
2. anti-ageing
3. agility
4. suspiciously
5. upbringing
6. indispensable
7. intimidated
8. participatory
9. misgiving(s)
10. long-awaited / longed-for
P art 2 : II. decorative
12. successive
16. dramatically
17. increased
13. residence 18. progression
14. apparent
15. vacated
19. concept
20. Comparabl
III. ERRO R CORRECTION LINE
ERROR CORRECTION
LINE
ERROR CORRECTION done
made
state
status
* __1__
literate
literacy
6.
2
3
At level
at a level
7.
J2_ J3_
3
__8_
continua
continuum
8.
J9 _
without
with
4
_ J 0 _ full
fully
9.
_20_
include
includes
5
11__
region’s
10.
21
that
which
IV. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 142
region
SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION The sheer cost / expense o f the product put me o ff buying it. With a view ÍƠ making profit, we always purchase/buy things in bulk. We would sooner have had a chance to set foot on/in the Colosseum. Lengthy as/though their discussion was/might be, the committee couldn ’/ reach any/a decision. In preference to working fo r a multinational company, he decided to become a big fish in a small pond. '' It came as no surprise that my parents were up in arms about my/me getting a tattoo. On refusal to give a breath sample to the police, you could be in hot water. We are bound to win if we put our heads together. He stands a (good) chance o f solving the problem on the spot. He is an authority on primitive religion.
^HẪN II----------------------------------------------------------- ---------
CÁC BÀI LUYỆN TẬP TUYEN c h ọ■ n ■ ■ TỪ CÁC ĐẾ THI ĐỂ NGHỊ ■
PRACTICE 1 pa rt
ONE: PHONOLOGY
A. Pick out the w ord whose bold p a rt is pronounced differently from those of the others. L A. great
B. bread
c. steak
D. veil
2. A. chooses
B. houses
c. rises
D. horses
3. A. pudding
B pull
c. puncture
D. put
4. A. comfortable
B. come
c. some
D. comb
5. A. turn
B. burn
c. curtain
D. bury
6. A. one
B. box
c. got /
D. colleague
7. A. whistle
B. little
c. gentle
D. battle
8. A. rather
B. sacrifice
c. had
D. farther
9. A. bathing
B. method
c. bathroom
D. width
10. A. decided
B. hatred
c. sacred
D. warned
b ! List
th e words given in columns according to th e ir stress p attern s.
pathetic, extravagant, vegetarian, variety, emphatically, contributor, preferential, prerequisite, wholesaler, cinematographer PART TWO: VOCABULARY A. Supply the co rre c t form s o f the words in brackets. 1. I was surprised by thè _ suits and ties. (FORMAL) 2. It is ___________ (EFFICIENCY)
of the occasion. All the men wore dark
to write by hand Instead of using a computer.
3. The unresponsive audience made the lecturer somewhat________ . W hat a shame! (HEART) 4. The tourists were impressed by t h e ________ of the jew ellery in the museum. (SPLENDID)
5. Any opposition to the rules i s ________ . (TOLERATE) 6. Small children are very _________ in their behaviour. They just copy what they see. (IMITATE) 7. There was a su d d e n ________ of clapping and cheering as he rose to receive the Nobel Pcace Prize. (BURST) 8. Crimes of violence w e re _______ rare until a few years ago. (COMPARE) 9. H e’s just received ___________ payments for the contract broken. (COMPENSATE) 10.He works for a(n) _______________ company for investment. (ADVISE) B. Choose the best answer to finish each o f the following sentences. 1. I really must go and lie down for a while; I’ve got a A. cutting
B. splitting
c . rigging
headache. D. cracking
2. I usually buy the clothes ________ . It’s cheaper than going to a dressmaker. A. off the peg
B. on the house
c . in public
D. on the shelf
3. My fath er_________ when he found out that I’d damaged the car. A. hit the roof
B. saw pink elephants
c . made my blood boil
D. brought the house down
4. I always g e t__________in my stomach before visiting the dentist. A. worms
B. butterflies
c . crabs
D. hedgehogs
5. I can’t stand Mr. Bryant. He’s always blowing his own _ _ _ _ _ _ -telling everyone how good he is at everything. A. balloon
B. breath
c . mind
D. trumpet
6. I was already fed up with the job, but when the boss walked into my office and told me he expected me to work overtime that was th e ________ I quit. A. final curtain c . end of the line
B. last straw D. last waltz /
7. John will never buy vou a drink - he’s far too
.
A. tight-fisted
B. pigheaded
c . highly strung
D. easy-going
8. Peter was born and brought up in Hastings and knows it like the
144
A. nose on his face
c . back of his hand
B. tip of his tongue
D. hair on his head
9. You didn’t think I was being serious, did you, Brian! It was a joke! I was pulling y o u r________ , that’s all. A. thumb
B. hair
c . toe
D. leg
10.Those second-hand Walkmans are selling like ________ . If you want one, you’d better buy one before they’re all gone. A. shootings stars
B. fresh bread
c . hot cakes
D. will oats
PART TH REE: GRAMMAR & STRUCTURES A. Supply the missing prepositions or particles. 1. Please don’t le t________ to the children about the party: I want it to be a surprise. 2. A true friend never lets y o u ________ . 3. Government officials are looking_________ reports that the lake is being polluted by a chemical factory. 4. I hit him so hard that he fell unconscious. I knocked him ________ _. 5. I heard you went for a new interview. How did you m a k e _________ ? 6. You look ________the weather. Are you ill'? 7. The boss was really hot _____ __ the collar when you told him you lost the contract. 8. He lived in a small cottage which, because it w a s_________the beaten track, was very difficult to find. 9. My mother never gives anyone a tip ________principle. 10.________ luck, we should be in London by 3 o’clock. B. Put the verbs into the correct forms. 1. Where do you think Peter is today? - 1 have no idea, he (sleep)_______ late. 2. Ann assured that she (finish)________ it by 11. 3. He died of lung cancer. He (sm oke)________ a lot. 4. Present day problems demand that we (be) ________ ready for any emergency. 5. By 8 o’clock this evening, the spaceship (trav el)_________ for five hours round the earth. 6. He got angry because he (not, be)
_
fun of like that before. 7. It (not, b e ) ________ for you, I would be late.
accustomed to (make)
8. I don’t know why you always (talk )________ in class, boys. 9. He pretended (forget)________ the man’s name. PART FOUR: WRITING A. Finish each o f the following sentences so that it means the same as the printed one. 1. It’s more than a fortnight since anyone saw Julian. Julian w a s_________________________________________________ 2. Oil was slowly coating the edge of the shore. The edge o f the sh o re_________ '_______________________________ . 3. In spite of the forecast, it stayed fine. Although rain
_______________________________________________.
4. We may not be able to give the concert. The concert____________ ______________________________________ . 5. My parents let me go abroad alone for the first time last year / w a s_________________________________________________________ . 6. Alan worked too hard at the office, and this led to his illness. Alan’s illness_____________________________ :____________________ . 7. The company presents a gold watch to each of its retiring employees. E ach________________ '________________________________________ . 8. Experts think that all dogs evolved from wolves. All dogs______ ____________________________________ ___________ . 9. Everyone started complaining the moment the announcement was made. No sooner_________________________________________’____________ . 10.The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day. Only by
'____________________ ________ ______ _______________ .
B. Rewrite the following sentences, using the given words. Do not alter these words. 1. This hotel is inaccessible in winter. (POSSIBLE) 2. He got married without his parents’ knowledge. (UNAWARE) 3. The orchestra is looking for alternative accommodation. (ELSE)
146
4. These two makes of computer are practically the same. (HARDLY) 5. The coach’s tactics were dkectly responsible for the team’s defeat. (CONSEQUENCE) 6. There’s no point in your phoning Caroline - she’s away. (TIME) ---------„-------------------- -------------- ,------ 1-------,-------------------------7. The final version of the plan was quite different from the initial draft.
(RESEMBLANCE) 8. Who will inherit the estate? (HEIR) / 9. The bottle must not be laid on its side. (UPRIGHT) lO.He likes to be addressed as "Professor". (CALL)
PART V: READING COMPREHENSION A, Fill in each blank with one word. The London Marathon is one of the best-known long distance races in the world. Some of the ( 1 ) ________ famous long distance runners have competed in it. But (2)________ makes it different from many other great sporting events ịs the fact that ordinary people can (3) ______part alongside international stars. The race was the idea of Chris Brasher, a former Olympic athlete. In 1979, his friends told him about the New York Marathon, during (4) ________ _ the runners are encouraged to carry (5) ________ to the end of the course by the enthusiastic shouts of the spectators. He flew to the USA to run in the race (6) ________ was so impressed by (7) _____ _
that he decided to organize a
similar event in Britain. Many problems (8) _ to be overcome before the first London Marathon took place in 1981. Chris Brasher still, takes a keen interest in the event, even though he is no longer the organizer. A total of around 300,000 runners have completed the race, with a record of 25,194 finishing in 1984. Numbers are limited (9 )_______ the streets ọf London are too narrow to accommodate all those who would like to run. Each year, more than 70,000 apply for the 26,000 places in the race. Hundreds of thousands of spprtators line the route and at least a hundred countries televise it. Over the
years. (1 0 )________ the first race was held, an estimated £75 million has been raised for charity by the runners. B. Reading com prehension TH E SC H O O L GIRL M O D EL When 15-year-old Kira hanger is not flying o ff to the wonderful locations and appearing on the covers o f magazines, you’ll probably find her revising fo r her school exams. Jane Laidlaw finds out more. “I’m afraid Kira will be a little late,” the receptionist at the agency told me. “Oh, fine,” I said, “no problem .” I had been trying to convince myself that all the bad things I had read about models were rubbish, but the words difficult, vain and unintelligent kept coming into my head. And now she was going to be late. How late? An hour? Three hours? Mavbe she wouldn’t come at all. W hat if she had decided a visit to the hairdresser’s would be more fun than talking to me? If she was late, she would be rushing. She could be in an awful mood and refuse to answer my questions. But when the winner of the Looks magazine supermodel competition walked in, she was smiling, relaxed and apologetic - and with her mother. Kira was not dressed in expensive-looking designed clothes but in a simple black dress and trainers. There was no sign of a selfish attitude, she was just ạ very friendly, very tall, very pretty gừl. All models under the age of 16 must take an adult with them whenever they work, she explained, and apart from looking incredibly young, her mother was a normal mum - visibly proud of her successful daughter. Kjra gives the impression of being slightly puzzled by her new-found fame, which is understandable since it was Completely unplanned. It was her older sister who decided that she should take part in the model competition. “She saw the competition and said I should go in for it,” Kjra remembers. “I said no, but she sent some photos in anyway. ” When the call came to tell her that she was a finalist, she was at school. The achievement of being selected for the final gave Kara the confidence to go through with it and she performed perfectly. She won easily and the Select model agency in London immediately offered her work. Kira now finds that one of the hardest things she has to do is to manage her two separate lives. But her friends and teachers have been accustomed tó having a star among them. “They’re really proud of m e,” she says. However, a few unkind people at her school are rude about her success. “They say I have too high an opinion of myself.” This kind of remark must be hard for Kira to deal with, since there can’t be many people as successful as her who are less self-important. But she says, “They 148
assume that because I’ve suddenly become a model, I can’t stay the same. But the only thing that’s changed is I’ve become more confident - not in a horrible way, but I’m able to stand up for myself more. ” As a busy model though, her social life is obviously affected. The Select agency can ring at any time and tell her that she is wanted for a job the next day. ' “If my friends are going out together, I can’t say I’ll come, because I don’t ' know what I’m doing the next day. I can’t really make plans, and if I do they sometimes get broken, but my friends are good about it. They don’t say, “Oh, you’re always going off modelling now, you never have time for us”. Kira has the looks, ability and support to have a fabulous career ahead of her. And not many people can say that before they even sit their school- leaving exams. I am about to finish the interview with the girl who has it all, and I ask what she would like to do as a career if she didn’t have the outstanding beauty that seems certain to take her to the top of the profession. She pauses and replies, “I’d like to do what you’re doing. ” 1. Before she went to the interview with Kira, the writer A. was unsure what question to ask her.
,'
B. was aware that Kira might be late. . c . did not expect to like her. D. was afraid that Kira would dislike her. 2. When Kira walked in, the writer was surprised because A; Kira was not attractive as she had expected. B. Kira did not seem to have been affected by success. c . Kira looked younger than she had expected. D. Kira apologised for her mother being there. 3. When Kira refused to enter the supermodel competition, her sister A. understood her feelings.
B. lost her temper.
c . paid no attention.
D. tried to persuade her.
4. What does Kira think about reactions to her success at school? A. She feels that ổome criticisms of her behaviour are correct. B. She realises why some people are critical of her. c . She thinks that people are paying too much attention to her. D. She expects people to start treating her differently soon. 5. What do we learn about Kira in the last paragraph? A. She doesn’t expect to be a model for.long.
\
■ 149
B. She is already thinking of a new career,
c. She wouldn’t mind becoming a journalist. D. She may not take her school exams.
c . Paragraph understanding Read the following passage and choose from the list A-G the sentences which best summarise each part (1-5) o f the articles. 1
I
,
Like technical difficulties, studio audiences are just another common feature of television life, and yet to many of us, they remain a mystery. Watching them getting excited on game shows, for example, we sit back and ask ourselves - just who are these people?
O f all the audiences for live entertainment, the studio variety is widely considered to be the lowest of the low. I have heard it said that even people who work in television treat studio audiences with scorn - or, as a cameraman put it, “like cattle”. 3
I
I had assumed that studio audiences were made up of silly people desperate for two seconds of fame; But there’s no such thing as a typical studio audience. They come from all classes, professions, and income groups. Television tries to attract different types of people for different types of programmes. 4
I
Those of us who prefer to watch television from home can’t see why anyone would want to watch television from a studio. Why would anyone bother to apply for tickets, travel long distances, and suffer hourặ of boredom in the discomfort of ạ studio just to watch what they can see at home? 5
I
One theory is that people hope that for a second they might appear on television. I didn't believe this until I spoke to Angela. Why had she come? “It was a chance to appear on television. ” Another theory is that people are curious to take a look behind the scenes. But the most common explanation I heard was simply a case of “a friend gave me a ticket”. 150
A. Studio audiences consist of all kinds of people. B. For some people, being in a studio audience is preferable to watching television at home.
c . It is hard for some people to understand the reasons for wanting to be in a studio audience. D. Studio audiences play an important part in the making of television programmes. E. Members of studio audiences are sometimes not regarded with respect. F. People become part of a studio audience for various reasons. G. Viewers wonder what kind of people are in studio audiences.
PRACTICE 2 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY Pick out the w ord whose bold p a rt is pronounced differently from those of th e others. 1. A. commemorate
B. command
c. construct
D. controversial
2. A. comet
B. simile
c . starlet
D. sequence
3. A. thine
B. therapy
c . thick
D. therm ometer
4. A. usual
B. division
c . gasoline
D. confusion
5. A. dividend
B. benefactor
c . benign
D. mellow
6. A. guild
B. fluid
G. militant
D. gild
7. A. intestine
B. hindsight
c . pint
D. height
8. A. beloved
B. governed
c . paved
D. measured
9. A. Levis
B.leisure
c. lettuce
D. lieutenant
10. A. resign
B.resound
c . resonant
D .resource
PART TWO: VOCABULARY I. Choose the best answ ers to finish the following sentences. 1. The area was neglected and soon turned into an overcrowded_______ A. suburb
B. slum
c . quarter
D. estate
2. The explosion shattered hundreds o f ________ of glass in the building. A. windows
B. fragments
c. sheets
D. panes
3. From the cliff top it was a/an ________ drop to the beach below. A. sheer
B. straight
c . upright
D. erect
4. The old cottage had bow windows and a ________ roof. A. plaited B. straw c . woven D. thatched 5. The city takes its water supply from a nearby________ . A. tanker
B. pond
c , reservoir
D. sewer
6. When my parents retired they bought a tiny______in the country. A. bungalow B. mansion c . shack D. barn 7. The car skidded off the road and fell into a _______ full of muddy water. A. lake
B. gutter
c . ditch
D. puddle
8. The pointed________ of the church could be seen from miles away. A. dome
B. building
c . summit
D. steeple
9. A tall building like this requires very d e e p __________ . A. roots
B. foundations
c . basis
D. establishment
10.The house possesses ex ten siv e________ with gardens, tennis courts and an orchard. A. grounds
B. property
c . fields
D. surroundings
II. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the words. 1. The (m aintain)_o f the good relationship between the 2 countries was brought up in the (confer)________ . 2. The minister as well as the (congregate) __________is preparing for the coming Xmas (serve)________ . 3. After a few drinks, their behaviours became (inhibit)_________. 4. The cat is (luxury)________ in the sunshine. 5. He will be (joy)__________________at your news. It’s so good. 6. Don’t admit (liable) _ _ _ _ _ for the accident! 7. Sit in the garden and feel the (p eace)_________ and (tranquil)_______ . PART TH REE: GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES I. Complete the following sentences without changing their meanings. 1. The brochure gives hardly any useful information. Precious________________________________________ ______________ . 2. That reminds me of the time I climbed to the top of Mount Fuji. That takes__________ ________________ ___________ _____________ . 3. If you find it necessary, you can contact me on this number. Should___ ____________________________________________________ . 152
4. We had to settle for a cheaper car than the one we wanted. We had to content____________________________________________ . 5. Fancy you and I meeting in the middle of Africa like this. It’s really o d d ________________________„________________________ . Ỉ i
6. My friends persuaded me to go to the party in fancy dress, My friends talked
_____________________
______________________ .
7. Mr. Foster asked me to write this letter to you. It is a t ___________________ :_______ _________________________ 8. He gave me a detailed account of the operation. He gave me a blow ____________ _______________________________ . 9. The university didn’t prepare to consider his application due to his lack of right qualifications. H a d _________ _________________________________________________ . /lO.We shall find the solution to the problem soon. One o f____________ ________________
■ ________________________ .
II. Rewrite the following sentences using the given words. Do not alter these words. 1. We agreed that each of Us would do the washing up on alternate days. (TURNS) 2. He makes sure that he isn’t associated with policies he disagrees with. (DISTANCES) 3. The new manager blames me for everything that goes wrong. (PICKING) 4. Don’t panic about something so trivial. (MOUNTAIN) 5. They have narrowed the many applicants down to three. (SHORT) 6. He liked the new job straight away. (DUCK) 7. Bruce said that the situation at work was like a family argument. (LIKENED) 8. They arrived at their destination alive and kicking. (SOUND)
153
9. Trade has deteriorated and staff arc being laid off. (WORSE) 10. Carol pretended that she hadn’t understood my request. (MADE)
in. Pick out the verbs and particles from the lists below to make phrasal verbs to fill in the blanks. Do not forget to use the correct forms of the Verbs. count
let
push
take
get
hold
turn
feel
hang
look
let
fall
walk
crop
in
up
through
down
on
to
for
call
1. I ’ve been trying to phone my sister in Australia for an hour, but I can’t 2. I was talking to Jeff on the phone when suddenly h e _________ . I’ve no idea why. 3. I’m going to the library. If y o u _____ , I’ll get the car and drive you there. 4. I promised Bill that I would lend him some money. H e’s _______ me, so I can’t disappoint him. 5. Liz promised to help Tony with the report, but she ______ ■ _________ so he had to write it without her. 6. What made P e te _________ his family and his job? Where did he and why?
him go
7. Sue’s financial worries are beginning to _________ h e r __________ . She’s very depressed. 8. Kate has made great success of her life. We a ll_________ her. 9. You
can’tpossibly say no to such a wonderful job offer. It’s too good to
10. I’ll________ ; you at seven this evening. Will you be ready by then? 11. I’m very tired. Joan invited me to dinner at her house, but I don’t _________ it. I’ll go to bed early. 1 2 .1 applied for a part-time job at the supermarket. They’re going to m e __________. 13. I’m sorry I ’m late. Something urgent _________ at the office, so I couldn’t leave early. 14. It isn’t that woman’s turn. It’s yours. Don’t let h e r_________ ! 15. Sim on_________ an Irish girl that he met on holiday. Three months later they were married. 154
pa rt
FOUR: READING COMPREHENSION
I. Read the following passage and fill in each blank with ONE word. By the time we reached the town centre it was packed ( 1 ) ________ people (2) __________their shopping done. Trees decorated (3 )_________colored lights ■ blinked at every corner and ( 4 ) ________ I hadn’t known about the centenary Ỉ).' celebrations, I would (5) _________ thought it was Christmas. Banners had (6) _________ stretched across the street proclaiming "MARSHLAND NEW TOWN - THE FIRST HUNDRED YEARS", as (7) _ _ _ _ _ the shoppers needed to (8 )_______ reminded. Nothing else had been ( 9 ) _________ of in the town for weeks. Committees had ( 1 0 ) ________ formed, and every day more and more money was ( 1 1 ) _______ collected by local schoolchildren selling flags and buttons. Posters printed (12) _________ the words LONG LIVE MARSHLAND dangled from every lamppost. If I hadn’t (1 3 )_____
* it with
my own eyes, I (14) _________ never believe it. And (1 5 )__________ for the Mayor, Mrs. Briggs, the centenary would have passed by unnoticed. II. Read through the following passage and then choose from the list A - K the best phrase to fill each of the blanks. Some of the suggested answers do not fit at all. FILM CO M PA N Y TR A D EM ARK S Trade mark designs - or logos - identifying film companies have been around since cinema’s early days. In the era of silent films, viewers looked for the name of the company before they looked for who the stars were and they were rarely interested in the dừector. The logo was used at the start of every film by any film companies and it was an important part of each studio’s publicity. (1) _________and quite detailed accounts service concerning some of them. (2) _______ since the original company was founded. The image was taken from a childhood memory of a mountain in Utah, where its founder grew I up, while the title was borrowed from the name of a construction site down the road from his office. (3)
.
but was soon resigned into the form we would recognise today. It
was abandoned briefly in the 1970s but the company soon returned to it, colored blue and orange and floating in front of a blue sky. Logos that feature blue skies form a kind of species within the field of film company trademarks, with Warner Brothers, Columbia and Paramount all using it as a background. ( 4 ) _______ they all want to be greatest and the largest and to become part of the everyday landscape. \ 155
(5 )________and theừ logo also feature the sky in another sense-seeing in all from outer space. Il has gone through many transformations, with the early orbiting plane being replaced by the famous mirrored globe. A. A young executive was given the task of creating a memorable ưademark B. The version with which we are familiar now was introduced in 1924 c. c . Universal certainly chose their name for this reason D. Perhaps this reflects the domineering aspừations of film companies E. The W arner Brothers trademark began life as a rather austere shield F. The trademarks which we would recognise today have undergone many transformations over the years G. Paramount’s snowy peak has survived virtually unchanged H. Occasionally film makers have even made inventive use of these trademarks
PRACTICE 3 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY Pick out the word whose bold p a rt is pronounced differently from those of th e others. 1. A. danger
B. eager
c . dagger
D.lager
2. A. comb
B. plumb
c . climb
D. disturb
3. A. dead
B. bead
c . thread
D.bread
4. A. garlic
B. garden
c . garage
D. garbage
5. A. host
B. cost
c . post
D. most
6. A. seize
B. neigh
c . beige
D. reign
7. A. honour
B. honest
c . honey
D. heir
8. A. gertn
B. gesture
c. gene
9. A. shortage
B. collage
c. carriage
D. manage
10. A. soul
B. boulder
c . foul
D. shoulder
'
D. gear
PART TWO: VOCABULARY I. Circle the le tte r of th e answ er which best com pletes each sentence. 1. At the end of the winter the price of winter clothes in the shops usually A. drops 156
B. lowers
c. sinks
D. reduces
2. Have you got time to discuss your work now or are y o u_______ to leave. A. thinking
B. planned
c . around
D. about
3. Dinner will be ready soon. Can you p lease_________ the table? A. lay
B. settle
c . make
D. put
4. There was n o _________ in waiting longer than half an hour so we left. A. good
B. point
c . worth
5. The question of late payment of bill was :
D. use again at the board
meeting. A. risen
B. raised
c . brought
D. taken
6. Their washing - machine was out o f _________ so they couldn’t wash any clothes. A. activity
B. work
c . order
D. condition
7. His wife’s death was a terrible shock and it took him a long time to it. A. get round
B. come through c . go over
D. get over
8. If you want a good flat in London, you have to pay through the __ ______ _ for it. A. month
B. car
c . nose
D. teeth
9. Mr. Jones h a s _________ painting sine he retired. A. taken up
B. taken of
c . taken over
D. taken in
10.Modern buildings should_________ with the surrounding area. A. suit
B. fit
c . blend
D. join
11 .He lives a (n )________ throw from the station Á. stone’s
B. stick’s
c. arrow’s
D. apple’s
12.She did six hours’ _________ studying a day for her exam. A. solid
B. heaVy
c. strong
D. big
13.Don’t forget to ________ the alarm clock for six o’clock tomorrow morning. A. put
B. ring
c. set
D. wind
14.There was nothing special about his clothes_______ from his flowery tie. A. but
B. except
c . other
D. apart
15.She went _ _ _ _ _ _ a bad cold just before Christmas. A. down with
B. in for
G. over
D. through
16.1n the old days, people believed that the world was flat and ships would fall off th e _________ . A. boundary
B. edge
c . border
D. limit 157
17.Who was the first person_________ the South pole? A. reaching
B. who reaches
c . to reach
D. reached
18.He missed the lecture, so I lent him my notes________ . A. after
B. afterwards
c . at last
D. finally
19.The _______ exam in January prepared pupils for the real thing in June. A. false
B. unreal
c . untrue
D. mock
20.HĨS name was on the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of my tongue, but I just couldn’t remember it. A.
end
B. point
c . edge
D. tip
II. Supply the correct form o f the words in parentheses. 1. Tom spoke _________ because he was so excited. (BREATH) 2. It i s ______ to write by hand instead of using a computer. (EFFICIENCY) 3. Scientists________ about the centre of the earth, but they can’t know for sure. (THEORY) 4. The plane got in an hour ago, but Mr. Smith hasn’t c a lle d _________ he wasn’t on it. (APPEAR) 5. Scientists consider it (BELIEVE)
.
that gods create volcanic eruptions.
6. He was a _______ adventurous person. There is no question about it. (DECIDE) 7. There was a _________ of coffee because thousands of coffee trees in Brazil froze. (SHORT) 8. Barbara is very (KNOW)
-
about bừds. She knows a lot about them.
9. Two _________ hijacked an airplane and made the pilot fly to Paris. (TERRIFY) 10.Frank told everyone that he worked for a large company, bat the company i s ________ .(EXIT) PART TH REE: GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES I. Complete these sentences so that the meaning is similar to the first sentence. 1. If you want good accommodation in Brighton, you should book in advance. If you want good accommodation in Brighton, i t _______;________ . 158
2. We only send you books after receiving the money. Only after the m oney_________________________________________ . 3. He was annoyed because his secretary came to work late. He objected_____ _____________________________________________ . 4. James spoke to his lawyer before signing the contract. James didn’t
______ .
_____________ .
5. It is your duty to make tea at eleven o’clock; You ______ __________■
i::
-
_______________ .
6. The car was too expensive for him. He
________ _____________________ _______
7. The passengers don’t realize how lucky they have been. Little
_______________________________
.________________.
8. She doesn’t pass exams. She fails and this depresses her. H e r_________________________________________ __________ ______ 9. The management didn’t act soon enough to prevent the strike. H a d __________
.
________________
■
10. They recommended opening new factories in the depressed area. They recommended th a t_______________ _______________________. II. R ew rite the following sentences in such a way th a t th e m eaning isn’t changed, using the words given in parentheses. 1. Could you look after my suitcase for a moment? (EYE) 2. He’s a taxi driver, so he is thoroughly familiar with the city. (HAND) 3. I don’t like him because hẹ boasts a lot. (MOUTH) 4. If she ever learns about this news, she’ll be furious. (EARS) 5. There’s a very long list of repairs. (ARM)
PART FOUR: READING COMPREHENSION I. Fill in each num bered blank with one ap p ro p riate preposition. No one knows who invented pencils or when it happened. A Swiss described a pencil in a book in 1565. He said it was a piece of wood (1) ___________ lead 159
( 2 ) _________ it. (Lead is a very heavy metal). Pencils w eren’t popular, and people continued to write ( 3 ) ______________ pens. They used bird feathers (4 ) pens. Then in 1795 someone started making pencils ( 5 ) _______ __ graphite and they became very popular. Graphite is a kind of coal. (Coal is black, and We burn it ( 6 ) _________ heat and energy). Today people make pencils ( 7 ) ____ the same way. They grind the graphite, make it (8) _______ the shape (9) _________ a stick, and bake it. Then they put it (10) _ _ _ _ _ a piece of wood. One pencil can write 50,000 English words or make a line 55 kilometers long. People wrote (11) _________ feather pens and then used pens (12) metal points. They had to dip the point (13) __________ ink (14) __________every few letters. Next someone invented a fountain pen that could hold ink (1 5 )_________ it. A fountain pen can write several pages before you have to fill it again. II. Fill in each numbered space with one suitable word. (1) ______ _ a long bitter struggle, women now enjoy the ( 2 ) '_______ education opportunities as in most parts of the world. They have proved repeatedly that they are equal and often superior (3) ________men on almost every field. The hard - fought battle for recognition has (4) _ _ _ _ _ won, but it is by (5) _______ means over. It’s men, not women who still caưy on the sex war because ( 6 ) _________ attitude remains basically hostile. (7) _________ in the most progressive countries, women continue to be regarded as second - rate citizens. Woman have (8) _ _ _ _ _ in any job you care to name. (9) _________ politicians, soldiers, doctors, factory - hands, university professors, farmers, company directors, lawyers, bus - conductors, scientists (10) ________ presidents o f countries they have often put men to shame. And we must remember that they frequently succeed brilliantly in all these fields in addition to (1 1 )_______ and rearing children. Yet men go (12) _____ maintaining the fiction that there are many jobs women can’t (13) ________ They say women are unreliable and irrational. They depend too little on cool reasoning and too much on intuition and instinct to (1 4 )_________ at decisions. They are not even capable (1 5 )_________ thinking clearly. 160
III. Read the texts and answ er the questions which follow them. -■A. Modem zoos are different from zoos that were built fifty years ago. At that time, zoos were places where people could go to see animals from many parts of the world. The animals lived in cages that were made of concrete with ừon bars, cages that were easy to keep clean. Unfortunately for the animals, the cages were small and impossible to hide in. The zoo environment was anything but natural. Although the zoo keepers took good care of the animals and fed them well, many of the animals did not thrive; they behaved in strange ways, and they often became ill. In modern zoos, people can see animals in more natural habitats. The animals are given more freedom in larger areas so that they can live more as they yvould in nature. Even the appearance of zoos has changed. Trees and grass grow in the cages, and streams of water flow through the areas that the animals live in. There are few bars; instead, there is often only a deep ditch, filled with water, which is called a moat. The moat surrounds an area where several species of animals live together as they would naturally. For example, in the San Diego Zoo, the visitor can walk through a huge special cage that is filled with trees, some small animals and many birds. This particular kind of cage is called an aviary; it is large enough that the bừds can live naturally. The bkds in the aviary fly around, make nests in the trees, and Hunt for food. At the Zoological Park in New York City, because of special night lights, people can observe nocturnal animals that most people have never seen; these animals are active only at night, when most zoos are closed. In a zoo like the ArizonaSoiiora Desert Museum, people can see animals that live in special envkonments like the desert. Some other zoos have special places for visitors to watch animals that live linder water like fish. Still other zoos have special places for animals that live in cold polar surroundings like the great white bear from the Arctic region. Modem zoos only display animals for visitors, but they also preserve and save endangered species. Endangered animals such as the American bald eagle and bison are now living and producing offspring in zoos. For this reason, fifty years from now the grandchildren of today’s visitors will still be able to enjoy watching these animals. After you read each o f the statements in this exercise, decide whether each one is true or false according to the text. 1. Animals in modern zoos have more freedom than animals did fifty years ago. 2. Fifty years ago, the zoo keepers did not feed the animals well. 3. The American bald eagle is an extinct animal. 4. Animals from polar environments are never kept in zoos. 5. In modern zoos, many of the iron bars have been replaced by moats. 161
B. Before history was written, people needed to search for food. Perhaps it was then that family divided up the work. The males, who can throw and run better than woman, became the hunters. The females stayed at home to take care of the children and to gather food from nature. No one knows how, but slowly human beings became able to control theữ food sources. The first animals were tamed. Perhaps human being chose a friend like the dog first, or maybe the dog chose human beings. Or perhaps someone thought of domesticating a source of food first. An egg-producing bird like a chicken or duck might have been the first to be tamed. On the other hand, someone might have thought of domesticating a producer of milk like a goat. When was the first land cleared for agriculture? How did it happen? We can only guess. Perhaps as women were gathering nuts or berries, they cleared áwấy the thorny branches because it would be easier to collect the fruits. They were really clearing a field. There is another possible explanation of how farming started; it might have been an accident Perhaps a container of grass seeds spilled in an open area. The next season that open area flowered as a wheat field. Someone might have remembered the accident and repeated it on purpose. Someone else might have noticed another natural crop and copied it. For example, wild rice grows along the edges of rivers. It is easy to gather the crop. Someone might have planned another crop so that it would be easy to harvest. We can never know how farming started. In the days before history was written, there were unlimited ways to improve. Human beings also had many reasons to look for better ways of getting food. There were many children to feed, and agriculture was ail easier way to stay alive. Question 1. Which is the main idea of paragraph 1? A. Women do not run as well as men can. B Children had tò gather food near their homes.
c. People learned to control food sources before histoiy was written. D. People had to search for food before they could learn to write. 2. Which does paragraph 2 focus on? A. the dog as a useful animal B. which birds produce eggs
B. taming animals D. goat milk
3. The main idea of paragraph 3 is that agriculture probably started because... A. grass seeds grow into wheat. 162
B. someone made a good guess.
c. people thought carefully about a way to stop a problem. D. clearing away branches made gathering easier. 4. The main idea of paragraph 4 is that... A. wild rice is a good model for agriculture. B. wild rice is easy to gather,
c. people like wild rice. D. crops like wild rice are natural. 5. W hat is the main idea of paragraph 5? A. people needed to learn ways to get more food. B. The number of children was increasing fast.
c. Agriculture was so bad that anything would improve it. D. people really needed to learn how to write.
PRACTICE 4 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY A. Pick out the word whose bold part is pronounced differently from those of the others. 1. A. automobile
B. mobile
c. facile
. D. compile
2. A. advent
B. invent
G. decent
D. percent
3. A. purpose
B.superpose
c. poster
D .depot
4. A. pursue
B. hesitate
c. ệomparison
D. translate
5. A. choir
B .chore
c. chemist
D .chorus
6. A. dogged
B. legged
c . naked
D. moped
7. A. storage
B. encourage
c. garage
Đ. shortage
8; A. pour
B. tour
c. course
D. paw
9. A. fathom
B .feath er
c. anthem
D. within
10. A. dove
B. hoe
c. glow
D. stove
B. Underline the stressed syllable in each of the following words. repository
magnificent
eternal
mistake
legislature
register
antagonist
abacus
dividend
impetus
163
PART TWO: VOCABULARY A. Use the correct form o f the word in capitals at the end of a gapped line to fill in the gap. Lichens are a unique group of complex, (1) _ _______ plant growing on rock and trees. There are thousands of kinds of lichen, which come in a wide variety of colours. They are composed of algae and fungi which (2 )________
FLOWER
UNITY
to satisfy the needs of the lichens. The autotrophic green algae (3 )________ all their own food through a process called PRODUCTION NUTRITION photosynthesis and provide the lichen with (4) _____ ■ elements. On the other hand, the heterotrophic fungus which (5) _________ on other elements to provide its food, not only ( 6 ) ________ and stores water for the plant
DEPENDENCE ABSORPTION
but also helps protect it. This (7) _______ by-which two UNITE (8 )__________ organisms live together is called “symbiosis”. SIMILARITY This (9) _________ enables lichens to resist the most SHARE advert environmental conditions found on earth. They can be in some very (1 0 ) _________ places such as the polar LIKE ice caps as well as in tropical zones, in dry areas as much as wet ones, on mountain peaks and along coastal areas. B. Choose the best answers. 1. The manifesto is a _________ for the town’s future. A. w hitepaper
B. green belt
D. green light
E. blue print
c . blue film
2. Good restaurants serving traditional English food are very hard to A. come into
B. get in
D. go through
D. take up
,c. come by
3. Now that the strike has lasted for over two months, many of the strikes’ families are . with their rent and hire purchase agreements. A. on tick
B. in decline
D. in the thick
E. in arrears
c. at loggerheads
4. The landlord_________ them because they hadn’t paid their rent for six months.
164
A. threw out
B. evicted
D. demolished
E. dismissed
c. discarded
5. Do you know, she’s bought curtain material exactly the same as ours. She’s a dreadful___________ . A. parrot B. dog-in-the-manger c . mocking bird D. copycat E. ape 6. Although she was dying to rip open the present, she exercised some A. moderation
B. control
D. authority
Ẹ. measure
c . restraint
7. No one knows precisely how much he earns a month, but $2,500 can’t be of the mark. A. wide
B. far
D. distant
E. long
c . broad
/ 8. People o ften _________ shy of saying what they really think. A. act
B. fight
c . sound
D. play
E. fly
9. I work part-time and I am a mother the rest of the time, so I get /■ A. a whale of a time
B. my cake and cat it
D. the best of both worlds
c . my hands full E. a busman’s holiday
10. The Minister’sanswer led to a n _________ outcry from the opposition. A. evasive
B. inalienable
D. persuasive
E. over riding
c . unbridled
PART TH REE: GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES A. Supply the correct forms of the verbs in parentheses. Four hundred Hebridean lobsters facing certain death were given a brief reprieve when the plane (1. ta k e )____ them to France (2. becom e)_____ lobster pot, bisque and quadrille (3. fo rce)____ _ to make an emergency landing behind Wormwood Scrubs prison in West London yesterday. The lobsters (4. be)_____ en route from the Outer Hebrides in Scotland to Le Touquet in northern France when the Cessna 206 light aircraft (5. transport) _______ them (6. develop) _______ engine trouble. The Danish pilot, 46-year-old Mr Carsten Peterson, (7. m anage):______ (8. g u id e )_____ the plane down on to land 200 yards from the Scrubs. Mr Peterson, who lives in Country Offaly in the Irish Republic, (9. make) ________ earlier abortive attempts (10. land) _ _ _ _ _ on Clapham Common or Battersea Park in South London.
\
I. 165
B. Fill in each blank with an appropriate preposition. 1. Tall players a r e _______ an advantage________ football matches. 2. I can recite the whole p oem _________memory. 3. Has this glass been drunk_________ ? 4. The kitchen floor looks clean enough to e a t_________ . 5. There should be some n ew s_________the hour. 6. Manufacturers must conform _______ and abide ________ standards la id _________by the government.
certain
PART FOUR: READING COMPREHENSION A. Fill in each gap with only one word. poker - it often matters not only Decision-thinking is not ( 1 ) _______ what you think but also what others think you think and what you think (2) _________ think you think. Interestingly poker, that (3 )__________ subjective of games, has often been of considerable interest to people who are, (4) _________ any standards, good thinkers. (5 )_________ great mathematician John von Newmann was, (6) . his many other accomplishments, one of the originators of game theory. In particular, he showed that all games ( 7 ) ________ into one of ( 8 ) __________ classes: there are what he (9 )________ “games of perfect information”, games like chess which are meant to involve (1 0 )_________ elem ent of concealment, bluff or luck - games where the players (1 1 )________ , in principle, discover the best move by the ( 1 2 ) _________ of pure logic to the available data. (13) _________ there are “games of (14) _ _ _ _ _ _ information” like poker, in which it is impossible to know, in advance, that (1 5 )_________ course of action is better than another. B. M ultiple choices. T H E M EN A C E O F TH E M ICRO Hardly a week goes by without some advance in technology that would have seemed incredible 50 years ago. Over the past 20 years computers have completely revolutionized our lives. Yet we can expect the rate of change to accelerate rather than slow within our lifetimes. The next 25 year will see as many changes as have been witnessed in the past 150. These developments in technology are bound to have a dramatic effect on the future of work. By 2010, new technology will have revolutionized communications. People will be transmitting messages down telephone lines that previously would 166
have been sent by post. A postal system which has essentially been the same since the Pharaohs will vữtually disappear overnight. Once these changes are introduced, not only postmen but also clerks and secretaries will vanish in a paper-free society. All the routine tasks they perform will be carried on a tiny silicon chip. As soon as this technology is available, these people will be as obsolete as the horse and cart after the invention of the motor car. One change will make thousands. If not millions, redundant.
i
Even people in traditional professions, where expert knowledge has been the key, are unlikely to escape the effects of new technology. Instead of going to a solicitor, you might go to a computer which is programmed with all the most up-to-date legal information. Indeed, you might even come up before a computer judge who would, in all probability, judge your case more fairly than a human counterpart. Doctors, too, will fine that an electronic competitor will be able to carry out a much quicker and more accurate diagnosis and recommend more efficient courses of treatment. In education, teachers will be largely replaced by teaching machines far more knowledgeable than any human being. What’s more/most learning will take place in the home via video conferencing. Children will still go to school though, until another place is created where they can make friends and develop social skills through play. What, you may ask, can we do to avoid the threat of the dole queue? Is there any job that will be safe? Rrst of all, we shouldn’t hide our heads in the sand. Unions will try to stop change but they will be fighting a losing battle. People should get computer literate as this just might save them from professional extinction. After all, there will be a few jobs left in law, education and medicine for those few individuals who are capable of writing and programming the software of the future. Strangely enough, there will still be jobs like rubbish collection and cleaning as it is tough to program tasks which are largely unpredictable. If we accept that people have the need to work, then an option might well be to introduce compulsory job sharing and to limit the length of the working week. Otherwise, we could find ourselves in an explosive situation where a technocratic elite is both supporting, and threatened by, vast numbers of the unemployed. W hether the future is one of mass unemployment or greater freedom and leisure will depend on how change is managed over this difficult period and how the relationship between work and reward is viewed. 167
1. Changes Á. occur daily. B. will deeply affect our lives, c . are dangerous to society. D. will take place five times faster than before. 2. By 2010 A. postmen will have lost their jobs. B. bookshops will have disappeared, c . people will no longer send letters. D. it will be cheaper to send messages. 3. Which is not one of the writer’s predictions? A. Professional won’t escape change. B. Doctors won’t be as efficient as computers, c . Professionals will know less than today. D. Computers could make fairer judgements. 4. Children A. won’t be taught in schools. B. won’t have contact with teachers, c . will learn more than at present. D. will learn life skills at schools. 5. People are advised to A. join a union.
B. change their jobs,
c . become cleaners.
D. prepare for the future.
6. The biggest problem we shall face is A. filling up people’s free time. B. dealing with the unemployed. 'C. changing attitudes. D.
dividing Work up fairly,
c . Choose from the paragraphs (A-H) the one which fits each gap (1 - 6). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. There is an example at the beginning (0). ICE-CREA M TH A T KEEPS THE FA M ILY TO G ETH ER It is a bitter November evening and the westerly winds are howling across south-west England from the Atlantic Ocean. In the warmth of their old stone farmhouse the Roskilly family’s thoughts are turned to summer. . 0 168
H
~
I “It’s a bit unusual but it’s worth a try next summer”, says Rachel Roskilly, 59 No-one disagrees with her. Next summer the new flavour or icecream will be added to the 33 flavours of ice-cream that the family already produces. 1
I
The herd of cows that is the base of the family business is his main activity. There are 90 prime milkers, and 60 calves complete the herd. 2
I
I
/
Soon after, in 1960, Joe married Rachel. He has added 45 hectares to the farm but has not gone far from his home. “This year I have not been out of Cornwall.” he said. “Rachel and I last had a holiday when our son Toby was four. There has just been too much to do. ”
' Ị
3
I
“Although we had been making clotted cream since we married and doing holiday lets in the outbuilding for 32 years, we realised that if the farm was ever supported by three grown-up children plus their possible families we had to make it a lot more profitable, ” Joe said. 4 I " ~~| “We had decided against ice-cream in 1984 because small-scale equipment was not available at the right price,” Joe said. “But three years later, when we were looking for a small pasteurising machine with which to make whipping cream, we realised that things had changed.” 5 I In addition, last summer the family opened The Croust House, a 50- seater restaurant serving coffee, cream teas, salads and other light lunches, as well as all the ice-cream and Rachel’s home made bread, scones, cakes and jams. 6
I
“Although the cows are the key to everything we do, I have always felt that being ready to change and expand when necessary makes farming more interesting and more fun than it used to be. The younger generation can get bored by the routine of farming. We can keep their interest by bringing in new ideas when otherwise they might have been tempted away from the countryside.” A Hard work and money have not always gone hand in hand at Tregellast Barton farm. Ten years ago Rachel and Joe were making a turnover of under 50.000 - less than a fifth of what they turn over now. 169
B.
Two years ago Bryn, who had gained a degree at the Royal College o
Art, was tempted back to the farm by the offer of her own stained glass studio. Toby returned this year from a furniture making course to set up a furniture workshop. c. “It is very labour-intensive and it is too early to say how it is doing financially,” Joe said. “But changing the use of some of the cow sheds cost us very little as we did most of thè work ourselves. ” D. He has been
producing milk on the farm, 10 miles from Britain’s most
southerly point, since he came there to work for his godmother at 11. When she retired she gave Joe the farm of 20 hectares. E. “Rachel and I invested 5,000 in a pasteurising machine and a deep freeze, convinced that making ice-cream would help keep the children’s interest in the farm. It’s been very successful.” F. Joe Roskilly, 63-year-old father of the family, sits at the end of the table in his farmer’s overalls. He is silent, but under his shock of grey hair he is attentive. G. They looked at ways of making more money from their milk, and from their Jersey cream, which had a good local reputation. Ice-cream seemed the best idea. H. Halve the Middle Eastern sweet - is the subject of the conversation. Would it make a good ice-cream flavour? Rachel Roskilly thinks it would. Together with sons Jacob, 31, Toby, 25, and daughter Bryn, 2, she had been experimenting with halva, honey, nuts and theừ own milk and cream for much of the day. PART FIVE: WRITING A. Finish each o f the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same as thè sentence printed before it. I. She thought she had paid the bill but she hadn’t.
'
She w as____________ ;_________________________________________ . 2. It’s what people eat that betrays their social background, not their table manners. What gives____________________________________________________ . 3. Do you agree with Jill Tweedie’s views on male female relations? Are yo u __________________________________ ___________ 170
?
4. I can’t believe that the rates are going to remain at the same level this year. I fin d ___________________ ______________________________________ . 5. The local government systems was first incorporated into law in the late 19th century. The late 19th century____________ _
________________________.
6. Is it because they’re working class that they behave like this? Is it their_____________________________ :_______________ ________ ? 7. Contact the Social Services department if you have any further problems. Get
_______________ _________ ;____________________________.
8. Apart from Philip, everyone else at the meeting was a party member. With _______________________ ________ ____________ ;___________ , 9. No tuition fees are payable in any publicly - maintained schools. Publicly - maintained schools d o ________________________ ______. 10.Half the afternoon was spent on clay - modelling. Clay - modelling ________________________/____________________ . B. Use the following sets o f words and phrases to make meaningful sentences. Do not change the order of the words or phrases. 1. He / be / give / gold watch / recognition / his services / company. 2. Constant worcier / his secret / be / reveal / take / heavy toll / his health. 3 . 1 / help / you / tidy up / room / condition that / you / give / me / loan / your bicycle. 4. Majority / students / vote / Ms Kim / spokesperson. 5. Spite / his / go / diet / Henry / continue / put on / weight. 6. I / shocked / read / children / see / 4000 acts / violence / TV / by / time / : grow up. 7. None / cousins / b e / airport / see / off. 8. Newspaper / not m ention/ extent / damage / cause / fire. ‘
9. Only when / he / see / keepsake / it / strike / him / woman
/ front / be / girl
/ he / promise / give / all / love. 10. Some / his photographs / win / prizes / competitions. Consequently, he / think / himself / professional / photographer.
171
PRACTICE 5 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY A. Pick out the w ord whose bold p a rt is pronounced differently from , those o f the others. 1. A. forgo
B .forgive
c . forget
D. forever
2. A. absolute
B. abstract
c . abstain
D. access
3. A. subtract
B. subsoil
c . substitute
D. substance
4. A. telecast
B. telefilm
c . teleology
D. telemetry
5. A. replace
B. purchase
c . surface
D. palace
6. A. chooses
B. houses
c . rises
D. horses
7. A. doctrine
B. dolphin
c . domino
D. docile
8. A. asthma
B. asthenia
c . athlete
D. theism
9. A. breath
B. wreath
c . wealth
D. stealth
10. A. obsolete
B. obstacle
c . obstinate
D. obey
P u t a stress m ark over th e stressed syllable. auxiliary
autobiography
carbonic -
champagne
correspondence
longevity
pragmatism
synonymous
auctioneer
percentage
PART TWO: VOCABULARY A. W ord form ation. 1. It w a s_________ of you not to offer her a drink. (HOSPITABLE) 2. I _________ how wide the stream was and fellin. (JUDGE) 3. If you continue to accept help without expressing any thanks or appreciation you may be accused o f _________ . (GRATITUDE) 4. Marty sometimes hurts others when he criticizes their work because he is to o _________ . (SPEAK) 5. Heavy rain and excessive use have the soil
(POVERTY)
6. The bicycle I lent Tom had been in good condition, but he returned it in . (REPAIR) 7. Don’t compare Jane with Peggy, the two are entirely _________ . (SIMILARITY) 8. He told me _________ that he’s thinking of resigning next year. (CONFIDE)
9. The troops were thoroughly________ by this set-back. (MORAL) 10. All nations a r e _________ in the modern world. (DEPEND) B. M ultiple choices. 1. The show has only recently_________ from Warehouse Theater to Playhouse. A. transmitted B. transposed 2. There is a constant_______ of visitors A. current B. tid e ' 3. I wish w e’d never bought him a TV the box. A. fixed
B. stuck
the
c . transferred D. transpired to thiồ important historic site. c . river D. stream all he ever does is sit t o __________ c . glued
D. sealed
4. It w a s __________ when her cheque bounced that I realized that she had no money at all. A. merely B. simply c . only D. just 5. Although he stood to gain nothing at all, he helped us out of the __________ of his heart. A. benevolence
B. generosity
c . charity
D. goodness
6. As you are non-resident in this country, I am afraid that you are _ _ _ _ _ to vote. A. inequitable 7. She w a s _____ Director.
B. illegible c . illegal D. ineligible out of 115 applicants for the position of Managing
A. short-changed
B. short-listed
c . short-sighted
D. short-handed
8. I w as_______ alarmed to see how much money .had been spending. A. somewhat B. something c . somewhere D. someone 9. The charity felt that th ey /h ad ________ to help the old man who had no visible of support. A. resources B. means c . methods' D. ways 10.ÁS the evening wore __________ everyone at the party became more relaxed. A. on
B. away
c . along
D. down
PART TH REE: GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES Put in suitable prepositions and adverb particles. 1. After four weeks of working in a school, he realized he wasn’t cut teaching. He didn’t have enough pạtience. 173
2. The Chairman called _________ Mr. Smith to second the motion. 3. Stop wasting time! Get to my office_________ the double. 4. Now that M ary’s forty, she thinks she’s _________ the hill. 5. The children w orked_______ a will to finish the project on time. 6. I memorized the speech, w ord___________ word. 7. The boss was really h o t______ the collar when you told him you lost the contract. 8. I have to study day and night to k e e p _________ top. 9. I ’m afraid you’re base when you state that this problem will take care itself. 10.You can do anything you w an t_______
reason.
PART FOUR: READING COMPREHENSION A. Fill in the blank with one appropriate word. We believe that we live in a rational and scientific age, but we do not. We have simply transíeưed our ancient beliefs______(1) the paranormal to the scientific domain. In the Middle Ages, it was widely believed that the dead ______ (2) be brought back to life. Such beliefs, however, are not lim ited ______: (3) the Middle Ages. Nowadays,_____ __ (4) is science that is thought to b e ________ (5) to perform such a miracle, and even now there are people •_____ (6) kept deep frozen in anticipation of the scientific developments that will resurrect them. Similarly, although we no lo n g er_____ (7) illness and madness as the work of witches and demons, we still attribute the inexplicable ______ (8) paranormal phenomena such as UFOS or aliens from outer space. In all ________ _ (9) these ancient myths will endure and adapt because they meet a _____ (10) for mystery that is a fundamental part of the human character. B. Choose the best answer. O f all the diseases that besat the human race, leprosy is by far the hardest to bear. It is usually disfiguring, often crippling, and not uncommonly fatal. What distinguishes leprosy from all other ailments is not the physiological dissolution that its victims must frequently endure, but the fear, horror, and violent loathing it excites in others. The belief that leprosy reached its zenith in thirteenth and fourteenth century in Europe. It began to vanish about the middle of the fifteenth century, and was almost extinct by the middle of the sixteenth. Many reasons have been given to account for its decline, but the timely development of a diagnostic 174
technique flexible enough to distinguish leprosy from other disfiguring diseases is considered the most persuasive. Most authorities believe that only a fraction of the innumerable victims of medieval leprophobia were actually suffering from leprosy. Modern leprologist are capable of understanding the extraordinary horror of leprosy that haunted ancient and medieval man, but they find its present day persistence peculiar. Leprosy is no longer the mystery it once was, and modern understanding of its causes and cures permits most lepers to lead quite normal lives. 1. Leprosy is described as the disease A. easiest to contract.
B. most often fatal,
c . most difficult to cure.
D. hardest to bear.
2. The factor that sets leprosy apart from other ailments is A. incurability. B. its painfulness. c . the loathing with which people regard it.
f
D. the resultant permanent disfigurement. 3. The great aversion to lepers arose A. in medieval times
B. before the time of Christ,
c . at the beginning of the plague.
D. in the sixteenth century.
4. The writings of Mohammed held that lepers were A. unclean to be avoided. B. atoning for past sins, c . naturally antisocial. D. unfortunate victims of ạn unavoidable disease. 5. The thirteenth and fourteenth centuries in Europe marked the A. decline of leprosy. B. decline of aversion to leprosy, c . first attempts to cure leprosy. D. peak of the occurrence of leprosy. 6. The development of a diagnostic technique was significant because it A. could bẹ used to diagnose many application. B. help to develop a rational attitude toward leprocy. c . distinguish leprosy from singular disease. D. uncover many unknown cases of leprosy.
\ 175
7. The abrupt decline of leprosy may have resulted from the A. discovery that many supposed lepers were suffering from other diseases. B. disease becoming less contagious. c . eventual death of most lepers from their affliction. D. careful ạ;voidance of lepers by others. 8. Modern leprologists think that A. there is no explanation for the ancient horror of leprosy. B. there is no reason to be horrified by leprosy today, c . leprosy was never mysterious. D. leprosy is incomprehensible. PART FIVE: WRITING A. Finish each of the sentences in such ã way that it means exactly the same as the sentence printed before it. 1. They will not announce the decision formally. No form al___________________________________________ '_________. 2. Its lack of irregular verbs makes Esperanto a unique language. Unlike I ______________________________________________ ________. 3. It was his over-confidence that led to his defeat in the Wimbledon final.
If ________________________________ ______________ -__ • 4. You certainly can’t play your music after midnight. I won’t _______________________________ ;_____________________
■
5. If he hadn’t needed the money, he wouldn't have asked me for it. He m ust_______________________________
_______________ ,
6. You have little realization o f how much I have sacrificed for you. Little_____ 1_______________ ;_________
,
_____
7. You’ve got a nerve, implying that it was all my fault.
/
How d a re_______;____________ ________________ _________________ . 8. My job involves working from 6 p.m. till midnight. I ’m _____________________________ ________________________
.
9. Is it really necessary for me to type the application? D oes_____________________ 1 10.1
________________________________ ..
think you should buy a new pair of shoes and get rid of those trainers.
It’s _______________________________________ ____________________ I 176
B. R ew rite the following sentences using the given words. Do not a lte r these words. 1. He is becoming quite famous as an interviewer. (NAME) 2. We have made neither a profit nor a loss this year. (EVEN) 3. Someone paid five thousand pounds for the painting. (WENT) 4. I feel that I don’t fit in with the people in the new office. (FISH) 5. He modestly understated his part in the rescue. (DOWN) 6. This interpretation is as valid as that one. (EQUALLY) 7. Not a word came out of her mouth. (LOST) 8. Your attitude will have to change if you wani to succeed! (LEAF) 9. He gets very annoyed when you criticize him! (BULL) 10.111 health resulted in his inability to do the job. (COPE)
PRACTICE 6 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY A. Pick out th e w ord whose bold p a rt is pronounced differently from those of the others.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
A. parachute
B. championship
A. generation
B. garage
A. blood
B. flood
A. dangerous
B. break
A. fierce
B. weird
A. resettle
B. hitting
c. champagne c. margarine c. books c. plane c. tearing c. orange
D. sugar D. flibbertigibbet Đ. trouble D. plan D. weary D. delicate 177
7. A. rehabilitation
B. inheritance
c. dishonorable
D. heir c . keep
quay
D. queue
8. A. quick
B.
9. A. policeman
B. spaceman
c . fireman
D. gentlemen
10. A. suitability
B. supervisor
c . building
D. knew
B. Group the words whose stress patterns are the same. mathematician
blue-print
circumstances
arithmetic
pharmaceutical
personify
complimentary
retrograde
interestingly
educating
PART TWO: VOCABULARY A. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence, or which best replaces the underlined part in each sentence. 1. The first job was t o _____ _ need. A. supply
the car with the equipment they would
B. charge
c . load
D. stock
2. It’s a good idea to carry a ______ _ pair of shoes in case the ones you’re wearing get wet. A. repeat
B. final
c . double
D. spare
3. The whole team _______ a great effort to raise the money for the expedition. A. did
B. made .
c . put
D. took
4. Be careful you don’t _________ on the ice on the floor. A. swing
B. slide
c . slip
D. sink
5. The assignment was to write a synopsis of our favorite novel. A. evaluation
B. summary
c . critique
D. dramatization
6. It is futile to go shopping when you don’t have any money. A. useless
B. brilliant
c . idiotic
D. challenging
7. The number of illiterates in this country continues to rise. A. people who cannot read and write ' B. people without children c . people who participate in sports D. people who purchase more than they can afford 8. Tennis W ear has become a very lucrative business for both manufacturers and tennis stars. A. illegal
B. circumstantial
c . expansive
D. profitable
9. A television ad shows a busy baker with a new computer that the advertiser claims will help him “make dough”. A. a baking mixture
B. more customers
c . money
D. bread
10. At every faculty meeting, Ms. Volatile always manages to put her foot in her mouth. A. trip over her big feet í
c . move rapidly
B. say the wrong thing '
D. fall asleep
B. Use the correct word form of each of the words given in brackets. 1. Japan’s _________ (war) economy was an excellent example of an economic recovery. x 2. The train b eca m e_______ (railway) at 60 miles per hour but no-one was seriously hurt. 3. I am afraid the club is not open t o _________ (membership). 4. T h a t_________ (respect) pupil should be severely punished. 5. The firm is surely_______(staff). We have to take on more workers. 6. The real problem is that those countries are always in their political (stable). 7. Thousands of African children are undernourished; they suffer from (nutrition). 8. As a result of her _________ (brought) Ethel has strong sense of the difference between right and wrong. 9. There was a _________ . (built) of gas and we were afraid there would be an explosion. : ; 10. After the _ _ _ _ _ _ (taking) several employees lost their jobs. c . Fill in each o f the blanks with an appropriate preposition or particle. 1. He showed great ingenuity_________ solving the problem. 2. Don’t let him lure you 3. You’re silly not to avail yourself 4. The speaker made many allusions
agreeing. this good opportunity. the new scheme.
5. ___________ referen ce______ __ your recent letter, we regret to learn that the goods aưived in damaged condition. 6. Children are often fascinated_________ things around them. 7. The man is obsessed_________ the idea that he should become a famous person.
8. Work hard now, or you will e n d _______ being a miserable person out of work. 9. Would you please ch eck _________ my composition before I hand it in to my teacher? 10. Perhaps, w e’d better cross _________ his name because of his too frequent absence from class. 11. He really got his parents ________ , losing lots of money in his business. 12. There’s a determination to hunt _________
all the bribed officials
involved in the “Orange Five” case. 13. L ook______________ sharp stones when you walk on the beach. 14. Several rare species are dying _________ owing to deforestation and careless hunting. 15. W e had to ta k e _________ the deliveries to make sure every piece was in good condition. 16. His exhaustion resulted from his having tak en ______ too much work. 17. My mother always wins when she wants my father to sw itch _______ _______ the TV channel she likes. 18. She was able to carry_________ all the tasks assigned to her. 19. He has been a bit left behind and is now trying to catch _______ _______ others. 20. It is said that his new book will be brought______on the occasion of the Liberation Day. PART TH REE: GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES A. Use the correct tense or form of the verbs given in brackets. 1. H e’s intelligent and h e ________(work) hard so far. H e _______ (pass) the exam, I think. 2. He became addicted to _________ (smoke). He really regretted _________ _ (not, take) his father’s advice 3., It is crucial that A lfred_________ (stop) using Keane. 4. You e v e r________ (be) to Hue? - Yes, I ________(be) there twice. 5. She ________ (not, allow) anybody ________ (read) her diary, but yesterday she _________ (find) her Mum ________ (read) it; she couldn’t _________ (ignore) the incident. 6. The kids are in te re ste d ________ (go) on a picnic, but they say d re a d _______ (travel) by motorbike because of the weather. 180
they
7. Why n o t________ (try )_________ (put) an ad in the local paper if you want to sell your car? 8. We should prevent children_________ (watch) those bad stuff of motion pictures. 9. I _______(consider)________(take) part in the next contest although I am now busy
■
(work) with a new group of students,
B. Rewrite the sentences insuch a way that they mean almostthe same as those printed before them. 1. We can start at either 1 PM or 2 PM. It m akes______________________________________________________ . 2. The boy was about to cry when he was reprimanded by his mother. The boy was o n _______________________________________________ , 3. Why don’t you consult your legal advisor about the contract? I f ______________________________ - ____ -___________ :___________ • 4. Although her leg hurt, Van finished the marathon race. I n ________________:______________+_______________________________ . 5. It was such a pity that I couldn’t go to the party. I 'd _____________________________________________ ____________ . 6. The thief must have come in through the window. The thief alm ost_______________________________________________ . 7. All of you are likely to be able to enter college. T he________ ___ _____________ __ ______________ ______________ , 8. Alice lost all her hope; she decided to stop her business. Such _______________________________.__________________________ . 9. Let’s eat out this evening! How _________ ______ J_________ :___________________ ___________.
10. It was disạppointing their son failed the entrance exam to university. Their son ____________________________________________ :__
■
c . Rewrite the following sentences using the given words. Do notalter these words. 1. 2.
• We have to settle this matter in a definitive manner. (ALL)
In the area, Thailand is much better than all other countriesinfootball. (SHOULDERS)
181
3. This is not the first time he has openly disagreed with the party leader. (SWORDS) 4. He gambled, lost everything and began to owe money. (INTO) 5. They claim to provide the best service in business, but I think that can be questioned. (DISPUTE)
^
6. You should punish him severely so that others will be afraid to behave as he did. (EXAMPLE) , 7. Did you see Alice at the party last night? (CATCH) ------------ —
------------------
^
T----------------- —
------ -t—
7----------------
8. He is a gòrterous person. (NAME)
PART FOUR: READING COMPREHENSION Each of these groups of three sentences makes up a complete paragraph. In each case, put the sentences in the correct order to make a paragraph. Write the letters in the correct order in the space provided. 1. A. When we are speaking face-to -face with someone, how do we understand the meaning of the other person’s speech? B. By the words that the other person uses, of course,
c. This is true but it is not the whole truth. 2. A. The actual words contribute only between seven percent and ten percent to our understanding of the message. B. Such things as intonation (pattern of rising and falling voice pitch), rate of speech (slow, fast), and non-word sound'(grunts, laughter) also contribute to our comprehension,
c. Comprehension of another person’s speech involves more than the actual words. 3. A. “I hate you” can mean “I love you” when we say it in a certain tone of voice. B. Tone o f voice can indicate pleasure, anger, amusement, sarcasm, and the like. 182
c. These additional non-word ways of conveying meaning also involve sound, as do the spoken words, and they contribute another 20 per cent to 23 per cent to our comprehension. 4. A. The total comprehension of a spoken message involves more than words and sounds. B. Incidentally, this explains why it seems more difficult to comprehend a foreign language over the telephone - we ạre only getting 30 percent of the clue that we need for comprehension,
c. Non-sound items, such as gestures, distance between the two speakers, eye movement, smiles, grimaces, and, in some situations, lip reading, contribute 70 percent to our comprehension. 1. ______
,_____ _
______
2 . __ ____
_______
_____ _
3.
_____
___ _
, 4. _____
_____
_____
PART FIVE: MISTAKE CORRECTION Find and correct all the mistakes in the following passage. There are 11 of them. M istake (0) is done for you as an example. i
Simply be bilingual does not qualify no-one to interpreting. Interpreting
Ĩ
; does not merely a mechanical process of converting one sentence in language A 'Ì into a same sentence in language B. Rather, it is a complex art in that thoughts and idioms which have no obvious analogues from tongue to tongue - or words which have multiple meanings - must quickly be transformed in many a way that the ? message is clearly and accurately expressing to the listener. There are two kinds of interpreters, simultaneous and consecutive, each requừes Ị separate talents. The former, sitting in an isolated booth, usually at a large ; multilingual conference, speaks to listeners wearing headphones, interpreting that a Ĩ' foreign-language speaker says as he says it - actually a sentence afterwards. Consecutive interpreters are the one most international negotiators use. They are Í mainly employed for smaller meetings without sound booths, headphones, and f another high-tech gear. ' CORRECTION 0. no-one -»
anyone
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. ■ •' V 183
PRACTICE 7 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY A. Pick out the w ord whose bold p a rt is pronounced differently from those o f the others. 1. A. fierce
B. weird
2. A. resettle
B. resell
3. A. subtlety
B. indebtedness
4. A. rehabilitation
c. tearing c. orange c. bombard
D. weary ■ A,D .resound D. combing
B. inheritance
c. dishonorable 5. A. quick
B. quay
6. A. macabre
B. machismo
7. A. com bustion.
B. cheaper
8; A. breakfast
B. many
9. A. months
B. paths
10. A. breathe
B. with
D. heiress c. keep c. chemical c. education c. caưy c. wreaths c. southern
D. queue D. chivalrous D. congestion D. any D. youths D .thorough
B. List the words given in sep arate columns according to th e ir stre p attern s. collaborate
cinematographer
influences
• parliamentary
syndicalism
perpendicular
arithmetic
inventories
physician
wholesaler
personify
hepatitis
etiquette
palaeolithic
merchandise
incontrovertible
auctioneer
reliability
memorabilia numerical PART TWO: VOCABULARY
A. Use the c o rrect form o f the word given in paren th eses to fill in th e blank in each sentence. 1. Those who oppose the legalization of drugs feel that drugs would be a surrender in a drug war.
(crime)
2. The two nations finally agreed to sign a (n )________ (aggressive) pact to normalize their diplomatic relations. 3. Too much use o f _________ (insect) can do harm to the health of people. 4. We can stop by that Chinese ____
(take) and get some food for the
children. 5. The printed instructions are quite for me to further explain anything. 184
______ (explain); there’s no need
6. It’s just too late; the problem is n ow _________ (remedy). 7. Those coưupted officials tried to establish a ________ (coverage) for their shameful transaction with the Mafia. 8. The accused said he had made the confession under_________ (coerce). 9. The ______ (privacy) of the national airline has shown the government’s flexibility in its economic policy. 10.Three pilots were _________ (supposition)/on the plane when it crashed. B. Choose the best word that fits each blank from A, B, c , or D. 1. In spite of being a very good student, she didn’t fulfill her later in life. , A. makings 2. You can’t ______ A. apply
B. potential
c . capability
-
D.
aptitude
that criticism to the local authority. B. employ
'
c . associate
D. lay
3. From my viewpoint, the changes tò the education system have been to g o o d _________ . A. influence
B. outcome
c . upshot
D.
effect
4. Without qualifications, there will be no ;_______ of firms willing to employ you. A. want
B. inadequacy
c . deficiency
D.
shortage
5. Having planned our weekends to watch football, we found the news of the home team ’s players’ strike m ost_________ . A. disconcerting
B. refreshing
c . activating
D. debilitating
6. The audience ________ applause. A. clapped
his appearance on stage with thunderous
B. protested
c . rewarded
D. hailed
7. Assem bly-line_______ has made cars and motorbikes wonderfully cheap. A. process
B. system
c . production
D. creation
8. Some people’s body clocks_________ poorer time than others. A. keep
B hold
c . support
D. preserve
9. His library book i s _________ so he will have to pay a small fine. A. expectedB. expired
c . overdue
D. postponed
10. Consumers are warned not to buy items which look like they may have b e e n _________ with. A. used
B. tampered
c . bothẹred
D. damaged 185
c . Fill in each blank with an appropriate preposition or particle to make meaningful sentences. 1. His fame is n ow _________ the wane. 2. Those students sitting_________ the back row of the class are very noisy. 3. Malcolm can’t join us; he has gone ___________________ the flu. 4. Your suspicions are quite_______ 5. Work piled 6. _______ retrospect,
foundation.
when I was away on holiday.
(
the experience has been useful.
7. H e _________ has a mania collecting strange objects. 8. Doris dotes_________ her new baby. 9. Students are often nervous_____________their teachers. 10. Please, b e a r_________ me. I’m telling you the truth. 11. I ’ve b e e n _________ your essay, and I wore out three red pens making corrections. 12. The robber suddenly came __ ________her with a knife. 13. You’re not my boss; you can’t dictate_________ me. 14. Is it possible to insure yourself
air pollution?
15. Our boss i s _________ trouble; please gather
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him now.
_
b ecoming a teacher. He just plays 16.1 think h e ’s not serious _____ the idea. 17.1’m sorry to say I can’t read m uch_________ this. PART THREE: GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES A. Complete the sentences in such a way that each of the sentences means almost the same as the sentence printed before it. 1. Working independently is sometimes a great advantage, I reckon. I think it
________ ;______ .
2. Tom said to me, “Congratulations! I heard of your success in the driving test.” Tom congratulated_____________________ _
__________ .
3. To get the best result, you should work as hard as you can. You should work the
__
____________________________ .
4. It was surprising the storm caused little damage in the area. The storm ________ ____________ ;______________________________ _• 5. You won’t find a school anywhere whose students get such good results. N ow here____________ I 186
.
the students get such good marks.
6. Let’s watch TV anyway. There’s nothing better to do this evening. We m ight_____________________________________________________ . 7. She was so attractive that every boy in the class ran after her. S uch______________________________ ___________________ 1________ . 8. Despite the lack of their financial support, wewill haveto carry out project. W hether
the
__________________________ /
_____ .
9. It is now time you were working with your homework. You are supposed____________________________ _________ ________ . 10. Just keep the book if you still need it. ' As ___________________ T_________________________________________ . 'B. Rewrite the following sentences using the given words. Do not alter these words.
’r
1. I haven’t got a screwdriver, but I think this knife will do. (TURN) 2. Your empty promises won’t have any effect bn her. (ICE) 3. The boy does whatever his father wants in an obedient way. (ATTENDANCE) 4. The book was very dull. (DUST) 5. They have arranged to (ARRANGEMENTS) /
see
the
director
tomorrow
morning.
6. I really regret to have lost the opportunity to get the promotion. (BOAT) 7. He was finally able to adjust himself to the new working condition. (SWING) 8. His grandfather is now having an operation. (KNIFE) 9. His action was incomprehensible to his parents. (LOSS)
187
c . Put the verbs given in parentheses into their appropriate tense or form. 1. It’s high time the local governm ent_______ (do) something about the sewage system w hich_________________ (not, upgrade) for years. 2. It is advisable that we ________ (be) economical in the economic recession. 3. The telephone, which is considered________ (be) one of the most useful scientific achievements of the century, is sa id ______ (invent) by A. Bell. (not, be) absent. They were 4. They didn’t come. They _________ supposed______ (sit) for an important test during the afternoon. 5. The population_________ (increase) rapidly is Vietnam nowadays. 6. I’ll phone you at eight. - No, I ________ (watch) a football match then. 7. T h e y _________ (play) football for half an hour when it suddenly began to rain.
.
j
8. By the time we get there now, I’m afraid the m eeting_________ (end). 9. His doctor advises that h e _________ (eat) less meat. 10.You’d b e tte r_________ (work) on the project now. It’s no u s e _________ (discuss) whether it is w orth_______ (do). 11.We have postponed _____ (tell) anyone the news until someone considers (do) something about our matter. 12. He happened ______ (stand) outside the bank, and he witnessed the robbery_________ (take) place. 13.If you are to catch the first train, it will m ean________ (get) up at 5.00. PART FOUR: READING COMPREHENSION A. Fill each numbered blank with one single suitable word. Today’s career women ____(1)____ all bossy, tough little executives ______ (2)______ shoulder pads and powder dressing. Not all of them
______ (3)______ 15 different languages, or profess to t a l ______ (4)_____ in computer-speak. I n _________________ (5)the only language self-m ade successe in the fashion ______ _ (6)______ need other than th e ir _______ (7)_____ native ; tongue is body ta lk ______ (8)______ they have in spades; oh yes, and there is always th e ______ (9)______ of the eyes. These are the supermodels of the 1990s, the “drop dead” girl; so stunning _____ (10)_____ make other women want t o _______(1 1 )______ dead in sheer frustration. There they go winging their _____ (12) _____ from one exotic destination to another, to be be-decked, be-frocked and photographed for the 188
glossiest______ (13)______ only to ta k e ______(14)_____ the next day to serve photographer and an enchanted another designer, _____ (15)_____ (16)_____ who are now becoming as familiar with Linda and Christy and Cindy and N aom i______ (1 7 )_______ they were with Madonna or Meryl or Julia jRoberts. Unfortunately, Meryl and Julia and o th ers____ (18)____ them insisted upon Mr
being (19)
photographed in baggy trousers and giving worthy about how they only cared about their art and
(20)______ to be like ordinary people. •lB. The sentences in the following passage are in their wrong order. Put them back in the correct order by numbering them according to their *
appearance in the passage. The first one is done for you. A.
!>
As well as raining all day, the weather was also cold. At night, people in some Melbourne suburbs were switching on their heating as though it was vviníềr.
B . _____ So even if the summer is cold and wet, people in Melbourne can still look forward to the possibility of a warm sunny autumn. c.
The best weather in Melbourne, however, is not usually in the summer: it is in the autumn. The autumn usually has more pleasant days than the summer.
D ._____ Let me give you an example. At the beginning of 1992, Melbourne had its wettest January for over 100 years. It rained for nine days in a row. È . _____ M elbourne people enjoy telling this joke to visitors: if you don’t like the weather in Melbourne, don’t worcy, just wait five minutes, because it’s sure to change. F . _____ The scenery at this/time of year is beautiful, too. Melbourne has many lovely garden and parklands with many beautiful trees. G. __1__The city of Melbourne, Australia has always had a reputation for unusual weather.. H . ______ It was so cold many people could hardly believe that it was summer at all. I . _____ In the autumn, the trees change their colour to red, gold and brown. J . _______The weather in autumn usually consists of warm days and cool, comfortable nights. K .______ As they are blown in the air by the wind of a late autumn day, the leaves add life to the city. ' 189
PART FIVE: MISTAKE CORRECTION T here a re ten m istakes in th e following p arag rap h . C o rrect them . The first one is done for you. More and more women are now joining the pay labour force worldly. They represent the workforce in all the sectors which are expanding as the result of globalization
and
trade
liberalization
the
informal
sector,
included
subcontracting; export processing or free trade zones; horr^e working; and the “flexible”, part-tim e, temporary, lowly-paid labour force. W omen’s high participation in informal employment is partially due to the fact that many jobs in the formal economy are not opening to them: they are actively excluded of certain kinds of works or lack access to education and training or have domestic commitments. The increase of women’s participation on the informal sector has been most marked in the countries like Sub-Saharan Africa which sharply economic decline and structural adjustment policies have reduccd the official job market drastically. l.is -» a re
2 .____ - » ____
3 . __ r
5 . ____ - »
6 .____ _______
7 . ____ - >
9 . ____ - > ____
4 .__________ _________ 8 ,___
10.__ ________
PRACTICE 8 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY A. Pick out the w ord whose bold p a rt is pronounced differently from those of the others. 1. A. dressed
B. laughed
2. A. potatoes
B. dynamos
3. A. delicate
B. concentrate
4. A. lakes
B. states
5. A. gravity
B. eomfortable
6. A. character
B. challenger
7. A. myth
B. bạthe
8. A. child
B. which
9. A. promise
B. device
10. A. good
B.roof
190
c. ploughed c. wives c. private c. raises c. principal c. creature c. bath c. school c. precise c. foot
D. stopped D. scarfs D. accurate D. stops D. criminal D. chemistry D. breathless D. catch D. lice D. flood
B. Underline the stressed syllables of the following words. tranquilize ordinarily industry themselves speciality geneticist supernatural recipe
superstructure electrician
TWO: VOCABULARY A. Supply the correct word form. 1. His family suffered from h is _________ .(EXPEND) 2. We lik e _________ foods. (IMAGINE) 3. H e _________________refused our suggestions. (DECIDE) 4. The soil has b e e n _________ ; by erosion. (POVERTY) 5. It’s good for you to listen to the explanation_______. (ATTENTION) 6. Most of the area has been ________. (ELECTRIC) 7. What a building! (TASTE) / 8. He feels sad about the __________ result. (SATISFY) 9. The b o y _______ asked for permission. (REPEAT) 10.Your helpful advice i s _____________________________ . (VALUE)
pa rt
B. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences. 1. It is a lo n g _________ from Tokyo to London* A. tour B. track c . flight D. travel 2. You’r e _________ your time, trying to persuade him, he’ll never help you.
_
A. wasting B. spending c . losing D. missing 3. He w a s to steal the money when he saw it lying on the table. A. attracted 4. The A. news
B. dragged :
c . tempted
D. brought
of blood always makes him feel sick. B. scene
c . form
5. You must be careful when you wash this
D. sight silk.
A. wreak B. sensitive .c. delicate D. feeble 6. The postman w a s _____________________ down the street by the dog. A. hunted B. chased c . run D. sped 7. His performance w a s________________ ; the audience was delighted. A. unmarked
B. faultless
c . worthless
D. imperfect
8. I ’d like to offer a sm all_______ to anyone who finds my missing dog. A. receipt
B. repayment
c . expense
D. reward
9. The blue curtains began t o ________ after they had been hanging in the sun for two months. A. fade
B. die
c . dissolve
D. melt
10. The wind blew so strongly that the windows_________ in their frames. A. rattled B. slapped c . flapped D. shocked PART TH REE: GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES A. Supply the correct Verb tenses and forms. 1. He got angry because he (not accustomed, m ak e)________ _ fun like thai before. 2. The price of gold (say, go up) _________ now
\
3. You (remember, lock) _________the door before leaving? 4. A number of students (please, give) ________ the rewards by the headmaster last week. 5. (Not, hesitate, ask )_________ me for help when necessary. 6. She wasn’t in. She (must, go out)._____________________ with her family. 7. Please lend m e this book. I (return)_________ it to you as soon as I (finish, read) ' it. 8. Most films (make, show )_________ in theatres. 9. Now I (regret, te ll)_________ him the truth. 1 0 .1 (try)________ in vain (contact) __________him several times so far. B. Fill ỉn each blank with one preposition. 1. I a g re e _________ h im __________the viewpoint. 2. They ap p eal_________ the court 3. She competes
.
'
the unfair judgement.
other two contestants_______ the prize.
4. He looks_________ his fath er_________ appearance. 5. Luck
combination______________ hard work made him succeed.
6. I’d like to thank the speaker__________________________________ behalf _ 7. He gave me some m oney______ payment
all my services.
8. I’m grateful________ _ y o u _________ your help. 9. They are keen
■_____ working_______
the company.
10. Parents must be responsible________ their k id s__________ their actions. c . Supply the phrasal verbs with their correct tenses. 1. The wind (just blow )______ ;____________ the candle. 2. The house (break)___________________ by burglars last night. 3. The fire (burn) ________________ he house, before the fire brigade came. 4. He (call)_________ me on his way home tomorrow. 5. She (bring)_________ by her uncle since her parents’ death.
6. Yesterday’s flight (call)_________ due to the storm. 7. I (com e)________ these old photographs when I was looking for my pen. 8. The car (draw )_________ and the driver got out. 9. I often (turn)__________ late every night. his promises.
Ị, 10. He often (g o )_____
D. Complete each sentence by using the cues given. 1. Thank / you/ lot/ willing/ lend/ me/money. ■ 2. I/ need/ it/ buy/ book/ necessary/ exam. 3. P arents/prom ise/send/1/noư receive/yet. 4. Hope/ receive/ sooner/ later. 5. I/ back/ you/ as soon as/ receive/ money. E. Rewrite the sentence without changing its meaning, beginning with the given word.
‘
1. You didn’t attend yesterday’s class so’you can’t do this exercise now. H a d __________________
.__________ ;________ ____________ ___.
2. He had just left then the postman arrived. H ardly_______ :______ _
_____________
__________________
3. It will be necessary for him to try harder if he wants to win the prize. He _____________________ __ ________________ ________________
■
4. You brought the umbrella along but it didn’t rain. You needn’t ________________________________________________ 5. He regrets having invited her to the party. He wishes _______ .
__________________ _____________________
F. Paraphrase the sentence, using the exact word given. 1. There’s no one here who would not like to be in your place. (BUT) 2. I’m telling you this so that you do not make a mistake. (FEAR) 3. You are broke. So am I: (BOAT) 4. He is often busy all day long. (GO) 5. We used to quarrel but we are friendly now. (TERMS)
193
6. His exercise is certainly not so difficult as it appears. (MEANS) 7. They fell in love when they first saw each other. (SIGHT) 8. What you say is, understood in one way, true but I should express i differently. (SENSE) 9. We continued waving until the ưain could not be seen any more. (SIGHT) lO.We haven’t heard from him for ages. (TOUCH)
PART FOUR: READING COMPREHENSION A. Fill in each numbered gap with one word. About twenty per cent of the world’s present energy already comes from the sun in one form or another. Special devices have b e e n _____ ( 1 ) _____ available to place on th e _____ (2)_____ o f houses or flats to catch the sun’s rays and thus heat water. Thousands of th e se _____ (3)_____ are now being used to provide_____ (4)_____ in homes throughout the United States while more than a million solar w ater-heating units have already been _____ (5)_____ in homes in Japan. Other purposes for which energy is at p re s e n t_____ (6)___ _ used include the extraction of s a l t ____ _(7)_____ seawater, irrigation and sewage disposal. _________(8)_________ most people in developing countties, the need is ___________ (9) for air condition or central heating but for cheap _____ (10)_____ of cooking food, drying crops and lighting home. B. Read the following passage then choose the correct answer to each question.
/
In an effort to attract more passengers, airlines are now providing frequent travellers with services that rival those of first-rate restaurants and hotels. The routine privileges most companies offer first-class and business clientele include express check-in, free drinks and headsets and more refined menus. In addition, a growing number of airlines have amenities such as fully reclining sleeper seats and furnish eye-shades and sleeper socks. At some international airports, companies have established membership lounges that allow business 194
travellers the use of facsimile machines, personal computers, and private conference rooms. A few have even gone so far as to install video systems on the arm rests of seats and to serve meals upon request rather on fixed schedule. All of these services come at a price, however, that is reflected in ticket prices substantially above those regular coach classes. 1. W hat is the best title for the passage? A. Frequent Travellers
B. Special Airlines Services
c . First Class Accommodation
D. The Airline Business
2. According to the passage, added airline privileges serve
to
A. compensate for a reduction in routes. B. improve coach class service, c . bolster employee morale. D. attract new clientele.
'>
3. The word “am enities” most closely means
.
A. comforts
B. accommodations
c . refreshments
D. incentives
4. Which of the following services is not mentioned in the passage? A. Meals when requested
B. Free headsets
c . Video Systems
D. Public restrooms
5. According to the passage, business lounges are available A. at most airport
B. to members only
c . during limited hours
D. at a nominal charge
c . Put the sentences in the right order to form a meaningful passage. _____ A. Since then I have written to you twice, and have tried tò phone on several occasions, but I have had no reply. _____ B. Naturally I took them back to the shop. _____ c . They cost £35.00, which I do not think is cheap. _____ D. This organization often prosecutes shops that sell faulty goods. ,
.
E. However after only three weeks, I had to have them re-heeled.
_____ F. I bought a pair of shoes from your Oxford Street branch on 17 September last. _____ G. If I do not hear from you in two weeks, I will get in touch with the Consumer Advice Bureau. _____ H. I said that I did not want to choose another style, and that I wanted my money back. ' ' ■ 195
I. For a pair of shoes at this price, one would expect them to last several years. J. There I have told that I could have another pair of shoes, but that particular style was out of stock. K. Not only that, but they began to leak in rainy weather. L. The shop assistant informed me that she could not do this, and that if I wanted a refund I had to write to your office. ^
PRACTICE 9 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY A. Pick out the word whose bold p a rt is pronounced differently from those of the others. 1. A. suitable
B. biscuit
2. A. patient
B. crescent
3. A. physical
B. mythology
4. A. nature
B. change
5. A. discipline
B. vision
c. guilty c. ancient c. rhythmic c. gravity c. cylinder
D. building D. machine D. psychological D. basis D. muscle
B. Pick out the w ord th a t is stressed differently from the o th ers in the list. D. appointment
B. survive
c. fashionable c. strawberry c. succeed
4. A. success
B. message
c . platform
D. lipstick
5. A. relationship
B. evaluate
c. convenient
D. favourable
1. A. marketing
B. ambitious
2. A. cucumber
B. powerful
3. A. promise
PART TWO: GRAMMAR & STRUCTURES
'
D. immigrant D. forgive
'
A. Fill the blanks in these sentences with the c o r r e c t form of th e verbs in parentheses. 1. His doctor is trying to get h im ____________ (admit) to a special hospital where h e’ll probably be looked after. 2. “Could someone help me lift the lawn-mower into the pick up truck?” “I’m not busy. I ________ _ (help) you. ” 3. It is said that Dang Thai S o n _________ (play) the piano for ten hours a day when he was a child. 4. There are just five awards, ea c h . 196
(consist) of 50,000 Swiss Francs.
5. W e’ll be in the same firm but w e _________ (not/work) together because w e’ll be in different departments. 6. T h e y ________(complete) the new bridge by the end of the year. 7. Have you finished that book vet? Y ou________(read) it for more than a week. 8. After his accident last week, Jeff promised he _ _ _ _ _ (drive) more carefully.
/
9. "I’ll hand the book over whẹn I _________(read) it," he said. 10. If you want to know the results of the election, I suggest y o u _________ ' (listen) to the radio news.
i
B. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the word in the parentheses. 1. “Leonard has been very
_
these past few days. I wonder what
he is trying to hide from us, ” Devi'said. (secret) 2. “Remember t o _________ the water from the stream before you drink it,” Kumar said, (pure) 3. As Mr. Schweitzer was not feeling well, his colleague _________ him of his duties, (relief) 4. Lisa is v e ry _________ . She always manages to look good in photographs. (photo) 5. After listening to his sad story, the old woman shook her h e a d _________ . (sympathy) 6. The king sent a huge army to curb th e _________ in the south, (rebel) 7. The old man collapsed after doing some
_____________ exercises, (strain)
8. The vet sent us a note to remind us to i__________ our dog against rabies. (vaccine) 9. My grandmother cannot tecognize me sometimes. She is probably affected b y _________ . (senile) 10.My brother and I are
'
readers of mystery stories, (voracity)
c . Replace the words underlined in each sentence with a phrasal verb from the list. break down
go o ff
do without
hang up
keep up with
pick up
run out
look out
put o ff
stand fo r
1. My car isn’t as fast as yours. I won’t be able to stay near you! 2. The torch doesn’t work. The batteries must have been used UP. 197
3. This radio doesn’t receive the BBC World service very well. 4. The car is making a funny noise. I think it’s going to stop working. 5. I was going to buy a motorbike, but I was discouraged by my parents. 6. People call me on the phone, but then put down the receiver. 7. Be careful! You’re going to give yourself an electric shock! 8. It’s difficult to manage if you don’t have a washing machine. 9. The letters CD mean compact disc, actually.
i
Ị0.Without a fridge, fresh food will become bad very quickly. D. Supply the missing prepositions after the adjectives. 1. I hear you’re very k e e n _______________ football 2. W e’re all very obliged_________ you. 3. I think h e’s capable_________ anything. 4. This service i$ i r e e _________ charge. 5. Why is he so je alo u s_________ his sister? 6. John’s very go o d_________ his hands. 7. He’s quite careless_________ danger. 8. They went ahead contrary__________ my advice. 9. W e’re quite s a fe _________ danger here. 10. We were w rong_________ the election results. E. Rewrite the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence using the word in bold and other words. 1. It took her a long time to recover from her illness. (OVER) 2. I regret saying that to him. (WISH) 3. I’m sure that wasn’t Tony we saw. H e’s in London. (CAN’T) 4. It is important that I post this letter tonight. (NEED) 5. I’m sure the children have been doing something terrible while we’ve been out. (UP) 6. The mechanic checked the tyres on my car. (HAD)
198
f ......... .
7. I think you should go to bed now. (TIME)
Ỉ
I
____________ _____________ _________________________________________
8. It was difficult for me to read the number plate in the fog. (MAKE)
^ 9. Please don’t tell Andrew about our conversation. (RATHER)
’ I !
lO.Unlcss you start studying now, it’s possible /that you will fail the exam. (COULD)
ị PART THREE: READING COMPREHENSION Ĩ A. Read the article below and circle the letter next to the word which best ;
- fits each space.
//
Broadcasting has democratized the publication of language, often at its most
; informal, even undressed. Now the ears of the educated cannot escape the ■language of the masses. It (1) .____ _ them on the news, weather, sports, commercials, and the ever-proliferating game shows., This wider dissemination of popular speech may easily give purists the (2) ____thát language is suddenly going to hẹll in this generation, and may (3) the new paranoia about it. It might also be argued that more Armericans hear more correct, even ibeautiful, English on television than ever before. Through television more (models of good usage (4) _ _ _ _ _ more American homes than was ever possible in other times. Television gives them lots of (5) _____ English too, some ■Awful, some creative, but that is not new. Hidden in this is a ( 6 ) ____ _ fact: our language is not the special private property of the language police, or grammarians, or teachers, or even great writers. The (7) _ _ _ _ _ of English is that it has always been the tongue o f the common people, literate or not. English belongs to everybody: the funny (8) _ _ _ _ _ of phrase that pops into the mind o f a farmer telling a story; or the ( 9 ) ______ salesman’s dirty joke; or the teenager saying, "Gag me with a spoon"; or the pop lyric - all contribute, are ail as (1 0 )______ as the tortured image of the academic, of the line the poet sweats over for a week. 1. A. circles
B. surrenders
c . supports
2. A. thought
B. idea
c . sight
D. surrounds D. belief 199
D. idealise
B .reach
c. explain c. expose
5. A. colloquial
B. current
G. common
D. spoken
6. A. central
B. stupid
D. simple
7. A. genii
B. genius
8. A. turn
B. twist
9. A. tour
B. transport
10. A. valued
B. valid
c. common c. giant c. use c. travel c. truthful
3. A. justify
B. inflate
4. A. render
D. leave
D. generalisation D. time ị D. travelling Đ. imperfect
B. Complete the following article by writing the missing words in the spaces provided. Use only one word per space. R A BID BATS O U T O F HELL Gold diggers in Peru are being attacked by vampire bats. These are not ordinary vampire bats; these.ones cany rabies. No ( 1 )_____than 24 gold diggers from the town of Puerto Maldonado have died of rabies in die last three weeks, after (2) ______theừ blood sucked by vampire bats. A special team of bat-catchers and doctors armed with 11,000 rabies vaccines has been sent to the area to try to stop the epidemic (3)______ . The bats known locally as “vam pires” have a wingspan (4) _ _ _ more than one metre. They fly into the gold diggers’ huts after dark and attach (5) ______ to the sleeping miners’ heads, necks and feet. The bats’ ( 6 ) ______ _ are very small and the victim rarely wakes up. According to Dr. Hugo Arana, head of the anti-rabies unit in Lima. The bats also (7) ' an anticoagulant in their saliva which makes the blood flow more freely. This makes the imitation of the bite much (8 ) ______ He says that normally vampire bats feed on animals (9) . probably as a result of the rabies they simply look for the nearest living creature. Dr. Arana has plans to catch the bats by hanging nets between the trees. Meanwhile local priests are trying to persuade the miners (1 0 )_______ these attacks are not the work of evil spứits. c . Read the following passage and then answer the questions below. SLEEP We all know that the normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours’ sleep alternating with some 16-17 hours’ wakefulness and that, broadly speaking, the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this cycle can be modified. 200
The question is no mere academic one. The case, for example, with which people can changc from working in the day to working at night is a question of growing importance in industry where automation calls insistently for roundthe-clock working of machines. It normally takes from five days to one week for a person to adapt to a reversed routine of sleep and wakefulness, sleeping during the day and working at night. Unfortunately, it is often the case in industry that shifts are changed every week; ạ person may work from 12 midnight to 8 a.m., one week, 8 a.m., to 4 p.m., the next, and 4 p.m. to 12 midnight the third and so on. This means that no sooner has he got used to one routine than he has to change to another, so that much of his time is spent neither working nor sleeping very efficiently. One answer would seem to be longer periods on each shift, a month, or even three months. Recent research by Bonjer (1960) of the Netherlands, however, has shown that people on such systems wi,ll ievert to their normal habits of sleep and wakefulness during the weekend and that this is quite enough to destroy any adaptation to night work built up during the week. The only real solution appears to be to hand ovẹr the night shift to a corps of permanent night workers whose nocturnal wakefulness may persist through all weekends and holidays. An interesting study of the domestic life and health of night-shift workers was carried out by Brown in 1957. She found a high incidence of disturbed sleep, digestive disorder and domestic disruption among those on alternating day and night shifts, but no abnormal occurrence of these , symptoms among those on permanent night work. This latter system then appears to be the best long-term policy, but meanwhile something may be done to relieve the strains of alternate day and night work by selecting those people who can adapt most quickly to the changes of routine. One way of knowing when a person has adapted is by measuring his performance, but this can be laborious. Fortunately, we again have a physiological measure which correlates reasonably well with thè behavioural one, in this case performance at various times of the day or night, and which is easier to take. This is the level of body temperature, as taken by an ordinary clinical thermometer. People engaged in normal daytime work will have a high temperature during the hours of wakefulness and a low one at night; when they change to night work the pattern will only gradually reverse to match the new routine and the speed with which it does so parallels, broadly speaking, the adaptation of the body as a whole, particularly .in terms of performance and general alertness. Therefore by taking bodv temperature at intervals of two 201
hours throughout the period of wakefulness it can be seen how quickly a person can adapt to a reversed routine, and this could be used as a basis for selection So far, however, such a form of selection does not seem to have been applied in practice. From "Sleep and Dreams" by Robert Wilkinson Choose the best answer to each question. 1. The main theme of the passage is A. the effects of lack of sleep. B. sleep and body temperature. c . how easily people can get used to working at night. D. the effect of automation on working efficiency. 2. Why is the question “no mere academic o n e”? A. Because of research by Bonjer and Brown. B. Because slẽép normally coincides with the hours of darkness, c . Because some people can change their sleeping habits easily. D. Because shift working in industry requires people to change their sleeping habits. 3. The main problem about night work is that A. people do not want the inconvenience of working on night shifts. B. people are disturbed by changing from day to night routines and bark', c . not all industries work at the same hours. D. it is difficult to fine a corps of good night workers. 4. The best answer to the problem seems to be A. not to change shifts from one week to the next B. to have longer periods on each shift. c . to employ people who will always work at night. D. to find ways of selecting people who adapt quickly. 5. Scientists are able to measure adaptation by taking body temperature . because A. body temperature is a good basis for selection. B. people have low temperatures at night. c . the temperature reverses when the routine is changed. D. people have high temperatures when they are working efficiently. 6. "The third" (line 13) means A. the third week. c . a third of the time. 202
B. the third shift, D. the third routine.
7. "Another" (line 14) means A. another routine.
B. another shift,
c. another week.
D. another person.
8. “This latter system” (line 28) refers to A. Brown’s research. B. spending a month or even three months on each shift, c . having the same people on night shift all the time. D. alternating day and night shifts. 9. “This” (line 32) refers to A. a person’s performance. B. measuring a person’s performance, c . the physiological measure. D. knowing when a person has adapted,, 10. “This” (line 35) refers to
*
A. a physiological measure. B. performance at various times of the day or night, c . the level of body temperature. D. a person’s performance.
PRACTICE 10 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY Pick out thẹ word whose bold part is pronounced differently from those of the others. 1. A. jumbo
B. junior
c .ju n k
D. juggle
2. A. management
B. manacle
c . malt
D. malfunction
3. A. troll
B. doll
c . tropical
D. otter
4. A. relents
B. religion
c . relics
D. relive
5. A. spill
B. shield
c . cement
D. executive
6. A. third
B. threat
c . thus
D .thunder
7. A. wholly
B. whiten
c . whose
D. whoop
8. A. launch
B. digestion
c . suggestion
D. Greenwich
9. A. caress
B. career
c . carnivore
D. carouse
10. A. hood
B. hook
c . doom
D. good
ị
203
PART TWO: VOCABULARY A. Choose the best answ er to finish the following sentences. 1. We believe that these animals could be saved if our plan w e re _____ . A. adopted
B. taken up
c . practised
D. exploited
2. Local people are concerned about pollution from ______ oil wells. A. maritime
B. sea-going
c . off-shore
D. coastline
3. Through my binoculars, I watched a tiger stalking its Js_____ . A. nourishment
B. adversary
c . culprit
D. prey
4. The strong garlic sauce tastes q u ite ______ . A. hot
B. insipid
c . b lan d '
D. pungent
5. He bought a pair of sunglasses with silver________________ . A. rims 6. The
B. brims ,
c . edges
D. boundaries
--from a nearby tree were scratching against the window.
A. trunks
B. boughs
c . twigs
D. barks
7. Those campers are really _____ They have no idea how to set up a tent. A. green 8 .1
B. blue
c . white
D. black
was woken up by the sound of sh eep __ in. the meadows.
A. neighing
B. crowing
c . bleating
D. croaking
9 . _______beans are sweeter and tastier than big ones. A. Dwarf
B. Microscopic
c . Minimal
D. Miniature
10. Some sportsmen______ to relax before a contest. A. predict
B. contemplate
c meditate
D. conceive
B. Supply the correct forms of the words in parentheses. 1. Little Jirarpy was a b it______ today. (TROUBLE) 2. You cannot enter the country without the
____ documents. (REQUIRE)
3. The evidence in this case is entirely______ . (CIRCUMSTANCE) 4. T h e ___________ of this scheme would have serious_. (FAIL/ IMPLY) 5. There is a ______ living-room, with French windows. (SPACE) 6. Have you read the latest_____ about Madonna’s private life. (REVEAL) 7. I was so angry that I was ______. (SPEAK) 8. A list of _____ events will be posted on the noticeboard. (COME) 9. Daves is not really a friend, only a n ______.. (ACQUAINT) 204
p a r t TH REE: GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES Ạ Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meanings. 1. Every day, it’s the same old routine in my job. Day in ________________________________________________________ . ĩ' 2. Although the ticket may seem expensive, it is good value for money. Expensive____________;________ ___________________ ;____________ . • ' 3. Brenda is a star because a famous director saW her act in a school play. Unless____________________ I____________________________________. 4. I was greatly relieved to hear that her condition was not serious. :
It was w ith ________________________ __________________________ . 5. It is more than likely that she will succeed as an actress. She h a s___________
:___________ ________ :__________________ .
/ 6. Such a ridiculous proposal isn’t worth sejious consideration. There i s ____________________ ~
_____;_____________ .
7. Nobody expected her to lose, but she did. Against__________________________________f_________________
.
8. You must concentrate on your work more. You must apply________ :________ _______________________________ . 9. If you w eren’t born in this country you can’t vote in the election. -
N o t__________ ____________ :___________________________ :_________ ,
1 10.lt wasn’t clear to us at the time how serious the problem was.
(i
Little
B.
.
____________________________ ________ :
Rewrite the following sentences using the given words. Do not alter these words. 1. The police caught die burglạí in the process of committing the crime. (RED) 2. My brother is not feeling terribly well these days. (WEATHER) 3.
I suddenly realized the meaning of a “freebie”. (DAWNED)
’ 4. You look grumpy this morning. (BED) 5. She felt uncomfortable in the huge hotel. (FISH)
6. I regret shouting at him. (ONLY) 7. I was there when he admitted the truth. (PRESENCE) 8. I’ve hardly done anything today. (NEXT) 9. The demand for tickets was so great that people queued day and night. (SUCH)
lO.If you don’t have time, don’t visit Mr Jones today because he will talk for a long time. (HEAD)
c . Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition or particle. TEA C H ER TO STUDENTS “I’m afraid I haven’t got enough copies of this exercise. I tried to have more run ( 1 ) ______ but the photocopier had broken ( 2 ) _______ and the repairman didn’t turn ( 3 ) ______ when he was supposed to. He did ring ( 4 ) ______to say that he’d been held (5) ____ unexpectedly, but that’s the second time that company has let us ( 6 )______ recently. Well, there’s nothing else for it: you’re just going to have to look ( 7 ) ______ with your neighbor. While you’re doing that, I’ll just give ( 8 ) ______ the test you did last week. Some of you slipped (9) ______ in a few places, but, on the whole, the results were good. If you caưỵ (10)______ as you’ve been doing, you should do fine! ” PART FOUR: READING COMPREHENSION A. Read the following passage and fill in each blank with ONE word. Although the rise in the global temperature by 4 percent predicted by many scientists may not sound like much, it is the difference between now and the last Ice Age, when huge glaciers covered Europe and most of Britain., Nobody knows ( 1 ) ______ what would happen in a warmer world, but we ( 2 ) ______ know some things. Heat a kettle and the ( 3 ) ______ inside it expands. The ( 4 ) ______ of the world has climbed more than half a degree this century, and the oceans have (5 )______ by at last 10 cm. But ( 6 ) ______as it takes several minutes for a kettle to begin warming, (7) ;_____it may have taken the oceans thirty years to swell. This ( 8 ) ______ 206
£ that the global warming we are now experiencing is a result only of the carbon f dioxide we have dumped into the atmosphere ( 9 ) ______ to the 1960s. Since « then, the (10) ______ of fossil fuels has increased rapidly. Scientists (11) n for the United Nations and European governments have been warning I that (1 2 )______ the Dutch and the people of East Anglia will need to do will I (13) ____ _ to build more extensive sea defences. Many o f the world’s great
I i ÍẤ itÍ
cities are (1 4 )______ risk, because they are (1 5 )_______at sea level. Miami, (16) ■ entirely built on a sandbank, could be ( 1 7 )_____ away. But the effects of rising sea levels will be much (18) ______ for the developing countries. With a meter rise in sea levels, 200 million could become homeless.
ft' There are other fears too, (1 9 )______ to'a recent United Nations report. The ; plight of the hungry in northern Africa could ( 2 0 ) ______ , as rainfall in the i Sahara and beyond is reduced by 20 percent. Iff-
*
: / B. Read the following passage and choose^he correct answers.
'
I Over the past 600 years, English has grown from a language of few speakers to . become the dominant language of international communication. English as we know it today emerged around 1350, after having incorporated many elements of French that were introduced following the Norman invasion of 1066. Until the 1600s, English was, for the most part, spoken only in England and had ‘ not extended even as far as Wales, Scotland or Ireland. However, during the course of the next two centuries, English began to spread around the globe as a result of exploration, trade (including slave trade), colonization, and missionary work. Thus, ! small enclaves of English speakers became established and grew in various parts of the world. As these communities proliferated. English gradually became the primary language of international business, banking and diplomacy. Currently, about 80 percent of the information stored on computer systems worldwide is English. Two-thirds of the world’s science writing is in English, and English is the main language of technology, advertising media, international ‘ airports, and air traffic controllers. Today there are more than 700 million English ■' users in the world, and over half of these are nonnative speakers, constituting the largest number of normative users than any other language in the world. 1. W hat is the main topic of this passage? A. The France influence on the English language B. The French influence on the English language c . The expansion of English as an international language D. The use of English for science and technology.
2. Approximately when did English begin to be used beyond England? A. In 1066
B. around 1350
c. before
D. after 1600
1600
3. According to the passage, all of the following contributed to the spread of English around the world except A. the slave trade
B. the Norman invasion
c. missionaries
D. colonization
4. The word “enclaves” (line 9) could be best replaced by which of the following? A. communities
B. organizations
c. regions
D. countries
5. The word “proliferated” (line 10) is closest in meaning to which of the following? A. prospered- '
B. organized
c. disbanded
D. expanded
PRACTICE 11 PART ONE: PHONOLOGY A. Pick out the w ord whose bold p a rt is pronounced differently from those of the others. 1. A. loan
B. shoulder
2. A. toothbrush
B. purpose
3. A. nude
B. ruthless
4. A. vehicle
B. honest
5. A. climber
B. subtle
c. wonder c. saucepan c. truth c. bronchitis c. debt
D. owner D. region D. Dutch Đ. hotel D. probable
B. Pick out the w ord th a t is stressed differently from the o th ers in the list. 1. A. catalogue
B. competitive
c. experienced
2. A. envelope
B. government
G. lavatory
3. A. screwdriver
B. imprudent
c. preferably
4. A. cassettc
B. injured
c. police
5. A. moustache
B. machine
c. nuclểar
208
D. pedestrian D. insurance D. fortunately D. hotel D. mistake
pa rt
TWO: GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES
A. Replace the verbs in bold with suitable phrasal verbs. 1. I w ithdraw that remark I made about y o u .______ 2. If you have a pain in your back, you’ll just have to endure it.______ 3. Would it inconvenience you if I stayed for dinner?______ 4. I hope you aren’t delayed in the rush-hour traffic.______ 5. She invented the whole story and she deceived us a ll!______ 6. His suitcase disintegrated on the luggage carousel. ______ 7. He had the brilliant idea of immersing his assistants in salt water. ______ 8. Having heard all the arguments I’ve decided to support your idea. 9. I find that stress at work often causes a headache.______ ỊÌ. Put the words given in parentheses into their appropriate forms. 1. Little Jimmy has been a bit
itodav. (TROUBLE)
2. You cannot enter the country w ithoutthe______ documents. (REQUIRE) 3. The evidence in this case is entirely______ .
(CIRCUMSTANCE)
4. The failure of this scheme would have serious -_______ . (IMPLY) 5. There is a ________ living-room, with French windows. (SPACE) 6. Have you read the latest
; _ about M adonna’s private life?
(REVEAL) 7. The fu e l________ of this car is rather high. (CONSUME) 8. I was so angry that I was absolutely________ . (SPEECH) 9. A list o f ______ events will be posted on the noticeboard. (COME) 10. Janet had t o ________ from the team because of injury. (DRAW) c . Complete each sentence with a suitable word or phrase. 1. It’s _______________ we last went roller-skating. 2. Don’t be silly! I t ______________ Sally you saw. She’s in Scotland. 3. But for your help I ___________________
. the prize.
4. It’s after twelve. It’s time y o u _________________in bed. 5. By the end of this year, we _________________each other for half a century! 6. It didn’t rain, so w e _________________the umbrella after all. 7. N ever b e fo re _________________such heavy snow in April. 8. Be th a t_________________ , your behaviour is still unacceptable. 209
9. If you’d told me you were ill, I _________________ the chemist’s for you. 10.1 have
known I would racing.
become
world champion ever since I
PART TH REE: READING COMPREHENSION A. Read the article and circle the letter next to the word which best fits each space. O SC A R'S W IN N IN G PERFO R M A N CE Two boats, engines paralysed, are drifting helplessly towards rocks in a raging sea. G ale-force winds are blowing as a distress message is relayed to the _______ (1)_______ . The west coast sẹạrch-and-rescue helicopter takes off from Shannon; its _____ (2)_____ is Clew Bay in County Mayo. The terrified crews on sundancer and Heather Berry are only half-a-m ile from disaster when Hotel Oscar, the Irish Marine Emergency Service helicopter arrives and the winch (a machine which is used to lift heavy objects or people who need to be rescued) c r e w _____ (3)_____saving their lives. There’s no _____ (4)_____ for the boats - the conditions are too bad for that. The threatening rocks will make matchwood of them. It’s not easy to get the rescue line down on the pitching, rolling decks as the pilot, Captain A1 Lockey hovers directly _____ (5)_____ . By the time the exhausted watchman has _____ (6) _____ the two crew members of Heather Berry, the helicopter is running (7)_____ on fuel. The pair on Sundancer will have to be abandoned if _____ (8)_____ else is to survive. As if that decision isn’t difficult enough, screaming winds make for the treacherous flight out of the bay. For Captain Lockey, 25 years a helicopter pilot and veteran of typhoon conditions off oil rigs in the South China Sea, this was the worst experience in a distinguished (9)_____ . In fact, a change, in wind direction was to _____ (10)_____ Sundancer its hoưible fate, much to the relief of the rescue crew whose hearts were breaking as they were forced to turn their backs and head for home. That was mission 47, accomplished just over three months after Hotel Oscar’s contract began in July 1991. 1. A. shore
B. land
c . beach
D. seaside
2. A. direction
B. destination
c . journey
D. aưivạl
3. A. set off
B. set up
c . set out
D. set about
4. A. luck
B. way
c . hope
D. point
210
c. ahead B. picked up c. taken over 6. A. picked out B. down c. short 7. A. low c. someone B. everyone 8., A. no one B. role c. profession 9. A. job. B .save c. rescue 10. A. spare PI1'Put one suitable wordin each space. / B. higher
5. A. above
R tíịC Ị
/ i, 0|/U1 V
X J • OHiV ■
D. over D. taken off D. out D. all D. career D. prevent
• lvuvUv:
fe;'' The port of Dover in South Eastern England is the _
-(!)-
sight that
K P Mgie'ets many visitors from Europe as they approach Britain from the continent of ỈÉũrope. The famous White Cliffs loom through the mist, the ferry noses into the *Hấrbóur, and the passengers clutching their duty-free drinks file through t Customs. Or at least that is the way it a l l ___(2)___ _ to be. Two significant ‘R a n g e s ____ (3)____ dealt a heavy blow'to ạ local economy already reeling /fiindcr the force of the depression, with' ílilẻmployment levels in East Kent 'higher thán _____ (4)_____ in Scotland and Wales. The first instrument of Change h a s ____ (5)__ _ in the pipeline, as it were, for so m e__ _ (6 )___now. It 'ÌVthe Channel Tunnel, which threatens to transform Dover from a port handling Ja fifth of Britain’s foreign trade with over fifteen million ferry passengers, to a ;small coastal to w n ._____ (7)
the bulk of the cross-Channel traffic should
Eventually use the tunnel, then Dover will be
(8)
with an inevitable
decline over the next decade. _ _ _ ( 9 ) .___ _ the tunnel provided 8,0Ớ0 (10)_____ during consttuction, this was only temporary, and over the Jti'i ears the tunnel project began, ferry companies and related ill). Ĩ .service industries have been shedding jobs in an effort to emerge __(12)___ __ competitive as possible for the smaller market which was to come. T h e _____ (13)_____ major blow was the opening of Europe’s internal frontiers at the beginning of 1993. Dover Customs _____ (14).____ _ work ■ijji___(15)
as Dover, _____ (16)
,
changes have spelled economic
disaster for scores of small companies, many o f _____ (17)_
employees are
.under 30, skilled in the use of computers and a t ______ (18)_
_ half of whom
speak one or more foreign languages. Hopefully Dover will recover, ■jd___(.19)_____ many
other British tow ns_____ (20)_____ have seen the end
ipf traditional industries in recent years. Just for now, though, the local uneinployed face a gloomy future, and talk around here of “the light ạt the end iOf the tunnel” is understandably not very popular.
211
c . Reading. PERCEPTIO N
It is often helpful when thinking about biological processes to consider some apparently similar yet better understood non-biological process. In the case of visual perception an obvious choice would be colour photography. Since in many respects eyes resemble cameras, and percepts photographs, is it not reasonable to assume that perception is a sort of photographic process whereby samples of the external world become spontaneously and accurately reproduced somewhere inside our heads? Unfortunately, the answer must be no. The best that can be said of the photographic analogy is that it points up what perception is not. Beyond this it is superficial and misleading. Four simple experiments should make the matter plain. In the first a person is asked to match a pair of black and white discs, which are rotating at such' a speed as to make them appear uniformly grey. One disc is standing in shadow, the other in bright illumination. By adjusting the ratio of black to white in one of the discs the subject tries to make it look the same as the other. The results show him to be remarkably accurate, for it seems he has made the proportion of black to white in the brightly illuminated disc almost identical with that in the disc which stood in shadow. But there is nothing photographic about his perception, for when the matched discs, still spinning, are photographed, the resulting print shows them to be quite dissimilar in appearance. The disc in shadow is obviously very much darker than the other one. What has happened? Both the camera and the person were accurate, but their criteria differed. One might say that the camera recorded things as they look, and the person things as they are. But the situation is manifestly more complex than this, for the person also recorded things as they look. He did better than the camera because he made them look as they really are. He was not misled by the differences in illumination. He showed perceptual constancy. By reason of an extremely rapid, wholly unconscious piece of computation he received a more accurate record of the external world than could the camera. In the second experiment a person is asked to match with a colour card the colours of two pictures in dim illumination. One is of a leaf, the other of a donkey. Both are coloured an equal shade of green. In making his match he chooses a much stronger green for the leaf than for the donkey. The leaf evidently looks greener than the donkey. The percipient makes a perceptual world compatible with his own experience. It hardly needs saying that cameras lack this versatility. 212
In the third experiment hungry, thirsty and satiated people are asked to equalize the brightness of pictures depicting food, water and other objects unrelated to hunger or thirst. When the intensities at which they set the pictures are measured it is found that hungry people see pictures relating to food as brighter than the rest (i.e. to equalize the pictures they make the food ones less intense), and thirsty people do likewise with “drink” pictures. For the satiated
group no differences are obtained between the different objects. In other words, [perception serves to satisfy needs, not to enrich subjective experience. Unlike a photograph the percept is determined by more than just the stimulus. The fourth experiment is of ạ rather different kind. With ears plugged, their eyes beneath ưanslucent goggles and their bodies either encased in cotton wool, or floating naked in water at body temperature, people are deprived for considerable periods of external stimulation. Contrary to what one might expect, however, such circumstances result not in' a lạck of perceptual experience but rather a surprising change in what is pefc'eived. The subjects in such an experiment begin to see, feel and hear things which bear no more relationship to the immediate external world than does a dream in someone who is asleep. These people are not asleep yet their hallucinations, or so-called “autistic” perceptions, may be as vivid, if not more so, than any normal percept. From "The beginnings o f perception " by N. F. Dixon 1. In the first paragraph, the author suggests that A. colour photography is a biological process. B. vision is rather like colour photography. c. vision is a sort of photographic process. D. vision and colour photography are very different. , 2. The word “it”, underlined in,the first paragraph, refers to _____ . A. perception B. the photographic process
c. the comparison with photography D. the answer 3. In the first experiment, it is proved that a person A. makes mistakes of perception and is less accurate than a camera. B. can see more clearly than a camera.
c.
is more sensitive to changes in light than a camera.
D. sees colours as they are in spite of changes in the light. 213
4. The word “that”, underlined in the second paragraph, refers to. A. the proportion of black to white B. the brightly illuminated disc c . the other disc D. the grey colour
I'i
5. The second experiment shows that A. people see colours according to their ideas of how things should look. ; B. colours look different in a dim light. ' c . cameras work less efficiently in a dim light.
Ì
D. colours are less intense in larger objects. 6. “Satiated”, underlined in the fourth paragraph, means
.
A. tired B. bored
■
c . not hungry or thirsty Đ. nervous
5
7. What does “to equalize the brightness", underlined in the fourth paragraph, mean? A. To arrange the pictures so that the equally bright ones are together. B. To change the lighting so that the pictures look equally bright. c . To describe the brightness. D. To move the pictures nearer or further away. 8. The third experiment proves that A. we see things differently according to our interest in them. B. pictures of food and drink are especially interesting to everybody, c . cameras are not good at equalising brightness. D. satiated people see less clearly than hungry or thirsty people. 9. The expression “contrary to what one might expect” occurs the fifth paragraph. What might one expect? A. that the subjects would go to sleep. B. that they would feel uncomfortable and disturbed, c . that they would see, hear and feel nothing. D. that they would see, hear and feel strange things. 10. The fourth experiment proves A. that people deprived of sense stimulation go mad. B. that people deprived of sense stimulation dream. c . that people deprived of sense stimulation experience unreal things. D. that people deprived of sens.-5 stimulation lack perceptual experience. 214
i
Fl PART FOUR: WRITING A. Rewrite the sentence without changing its meaning, beginning with the given word. 1. I am not to be disturbed under any circumstances. Under ________________________________________________________.
k I
2. It’s a long time since I read such a good article.
§v
I
__________
_____________
■
3. You will eventually appreciate what I am getting at. I n _______________:_________ ;_________________________________ __. 4. Everyone said that the accident had been Carol’s fault. Carol_____________________ ._____ '______________________________ . 5. I ’d rather you didn’t go. I ’d prefer 6. They’ll arrive soon.
J
It 7. L et’s go home at the end of the second act. >4.9 soon as_______________ ____________'_____________________ . 8. This will be the group’s first concert in the USA. This will be the first time _____________________________ _________ . 9. There is a rumour that you stole it. :
It __ ________________
.
________ ________ ;_______ .
10.Fancy you and I meeting in the middle of Africa like this! It’s really o d d ___________________ ;_________ ___________ _______ 1. B. Rewrite each sentence so that it contains the word in brackets, and so that the meaning stays the same. 1. I can’t find the answer vyithout a calculator. (OUT) 2. Although it’s expensive, it’s a good hotel. (IF) 3. I didn’t expect to see Tim there! (LAST) 4. Everyone who spoke to the victim is a suspect. (UNDER) 5. This is none of your business! (DOESN’T)
215
6. I should really be going now. (TIME) 7. Foolishly, I paid all the money before collecting the goods. (WHICH)
8. Robert had no idea of his next move. (DO)
9. It was only when I checked that I noticed the tyre was flat'. (DID)
lO.Please inform the relevant authorities at once. (DELAY)
PRACTICE 12 A. Give the co rre c t V erb tenses arid forms. A big armed robbery ( 1 ) ____ _ (foil) yesterday when gunmen walked into a police ambush in central London. The gang ( 2 ) _____ (hold up) a security van after it (3) _____ (collect) more than £ 60,000 from shops around the City, but they ( 4 ) ______ (not have) time to begin ( 5 ) ____(put) their plan into operation. If it (6)
■ (succecd), it (7)
_____ (be) one of the largest this year. However the gang’s carefully planned raid ( 8 ) _____ (betray), and police, (9 )____ _ (act) on a tip-off, knew where and when it (1 0 )_____ (take) place Officers from the Metropolitan Police flying squad and the firearm unit set an elaborate trap. ; Plain-clothes detectives (11)
.
(position) in streets and cars around the
London Electricity showrooms just north of the City, where the van (1 2 )_____ (pick) up takings. The robbers, who were armed .with pistols, (1 3 )____ _ (allow) to loiter outside the showroom entrance and wait for the van to arrive. A police spokesman refused (14)_____(discuss) what happened next or to say how many officers (15)_____(involve) in the operation. Witnesses said that as the raid (1 6 )_____(begin), plain-clolhes detectives came out from a side road and used a Post Office van to block off a possible escape route down the street.
216
Meanwhile, marksmen who (1 7 )_____(hide) behind a wall in front of the showroom appeared behind the gunmen and called on them (18) _____ (surrender). The three (19) ____ (throw) to the ground and (20) ____ (handcuff). Scotland Yard said that no shots (21)______ (fire). i? Last night three men (22) _____ (interview) at City Road Police Station. They (2 3 )_____ (appear) in court tomorrow. B. Fill each blank with an appropriate preposition. Some people are indifferent (1 )_____ their swroundings. They seem quite satisfied (2) _____ simply having a roof o'ver their head and being safe (3) _____ the elements. My surroundings are very important (4 )_____ me, I like to have my possessions arranged nicely around me. I have a reputation ( 5 ) _____ /being able to make any room (6)
,a heme ( 7 ) _____ home. Not that I’m
obsessed ( 8 ) _____ tidiness or own anything valuable. It’s a question ( 9 )
____
being able t o , create a homely, comfortable atmosphere. Many people compliment me (10) _ ___ this. Once, however, Ĩ shared a flat (11) _____ someone who was noted (1 2 )_____ his untidiness. He simply didn’t care (13) his surroundings. He dropped ash from his cigarettes, doing untold damage (14) ___ the carpet; he never made his bed, and there was no chance (15)
_____ his ever doing the washing up. The dishes stood (1 6 )____ _ piles
beside the sink. I tried to reason (17)_____him, but he always had an excuse (18) ____ not doing anything. The only thing he was particular (19) ___ _ was his appearance. He spent hours preening himself in front of the mirror. There is a limit (20)_____ my patience. I am much happier living (21)_____ my own again. c . Fill each blank with a suitable word. i Failure is probably one of the (1 ) _____ discouraging moments in our lives. Failure ( 2 ) _____ not however, break our spirit. Instead, we should use the (3) _____learnt from our defeat to spur us ( 4 ) _____ to greater achievements. It is understandably humiliating to admit ( 5 ) _____ have failed. Yet, this is an essential prerequisite ( 6 ) _____ success. To overcome the main baư ier to your ( 7 ) _____ you have to admit that you are ( 8 ) ______the great person you envision ( 9 ) _____ to be. Over-confidence can easily be mistaken (10) _ _ _ confidence. There is but a thin boundary (1 1 )_____ the two. Yet, the results can be shockingly ( 1 2 ) _____ . While one can help you (13) _____ your goal, the -other can dash your dreams to (1 4 )____'
There is, therefore, a (15) _____ to be modest and unassuming. The (16) _____ of success will be sweeter. Using confidence and knowledge, strike firmly (17) _____ your goal, and never be diverted (18) _____ it by a mild success. A premature celebration can easily obscure the task (1 9 )_____ to be performed. After you have succeeded, (20) _ _ _ that confidence to improve yourself. Then personal progress can be guaranteed.
I
D. Choose the word or phrase which best fits each blank. 1. The government said that it would ensure that basic health care remained A. rewardable
B. commendable
c . affordable
D.
palatable
2. H e _____ to go skiing in Switzerland this June. A. extends
B. intends
c . pretends
D. portends
3. Lixian’s grandm other_____ to her taking up mountain-climbing, A. rejected
B. subjected
c . dejected
D. objected
4. The judo exponent threw h is _____ onto the floor with one swift motion. A. repellent
B. opponent
c . component
D. proponent
5. The manager told his assistant to _____ the mistake immediately. A. rectify
B. maltreat
c . sanction
D. banish
6. Dr Jin discovered that his home had b e e n ____ _ by burglars. A. annihilated
B.
exterminated
c . ransacked
D.
eliminated
7. Peter Ahrhad and Zongwei were first, second and third _____ in the school cross country race.
I
A. respectively
B.
actively
c . responsively
D. tremendously
8. After a hotly-contested match, the team from China A. submerged
B. reversed
c . emerged
'
as the winner D. converged
9. Mrs Zhang gave birth, to _____ twins yesterday night. A. similar
218
B. identical
c . comparable
D. assorted
!
10. The principal____ the need for the students to study hard and do well in the examinations. A. devised
B. capsized
c . emphasized
D. ostracized
E. Fill each blank with the correct form of the word in brackets. 1. People usually associate the peacock w ith_____ . (VAIN) 2. Rubber is a good _____ of electricity. (INSULATE) 3. The motorist was k i l l e d _____ when his car crashed into a lorry. (INSTANT) 4. That young man is a _____ politician. (PROMISE) 5. He believed in h i s _____ to jump down from the fourth story without getting hurt, (ABLE) 6. Michael is a third-year _ _ _ _ student. (MEDICINE) 7. Meiling signed up for th e _____ course. (ECONOMY) 8. The doctor discovered that Mrs Jin had a _____ tumour growing in her womb. (MALIGN) F. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. The translator must have an excellent, u p -to -d ate knowledge of his source languages, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue
or language of habitual use,
and a knowledge and
understanding of the latest subject-m atter in his fields of specialisation. This is, as it were, his professional equipment. In addition to this, it is desirable that he should have an enquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work on his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult others should his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding acquaintance with printing techniques and proof reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to switch rapidly from one source language to another, as well as from one subject-m atter to another, since this ability is frequently required of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translator’s work, i.e the processing of the written word, it is, \
219
strictly speaking unnecessary that he should be able to speak the languages he is dealing with. If he does speakthem, it is an advantage rather than a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can dispense with. It is, however, desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages, even if this is restricted to knowing how proper names and place names are pronounced. The same applies to an ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good; it does not matter. There are many other skills and qualities that are desirable in a translator. 1. The source language should be A. the translator’s native language. B. the translator’s language of habitual use. c . a language the translator speak as well as his mother tongue. D. a language th'e translator is proficient in. 2. Which description of a translator would fit the author’s requứements? A. He is a slow but thorough worker. B. He has cqntacts in printing and publishing, c . He has good social skills. D. He is well acquainted with his subject. 3. Why is humility desirable in a translator? A. Because he must not impose his views on a translation. B. Because he will be more faithful to the text. c . Because he may sometimes need to accept help from others. D. Because he will put up with being left alone. 4. Some good translators do not speak the languages they translate because A. they are concerned with the written word. B. they never meet the authors. c . this allows them to work more efficiently. D. this saves them expense during training. G. W riting What do you treasure most in your life?
220
'
PRACTICE 13 A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS I. PHONOLOGY (5pts) Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the other three. c . parachute D. headache B. moustache 1. A. champagne D. drizzle B. puzzle c. pizza 2. A. blizzard c. extinction D. egosure B. exhibition 3. A. exemplary D. smoothly c. mouths B. southeast 4. A. clothes B. patronage c. assemblage D. massage 5. A. advantage Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the other three. c. sanctuary D. proficiency B. literacy 6. A. secretary B. self-controlled ' c. tailor-made D. self-sufficient 7. A. heat-seeking D. gamekeeper B. housewarming '-’ •T c. repentance 8. A. commentary B. prosperous c. remedial D. unconscious 9. A. prestigious D. applicable c. agreeable B. unsociable 10. A. renewable II. WORD CHOICE (5pts) Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentence. 1. She w a s _________ with the results of the photo finish, which proved that she had come second in the race. A. resentful B. mistrustful c . sceptical D. disappointed 2. It is doubtful whether the momentum of the peace movement can be A. sustained B. supplied c . supported D. subverted 3. As I w as________ through the newspaper this morning, I came across a picture of an old army friend of mine. A. gazing B. glancing G. staring D. glimpsing 4. You have to be rich to sepd a child to a private school because the fees are A. astrological B. aeronautical c . astronomical D atmospherical 5. Many o f the jobs which have been created in this area can be directly_________ to tourism. A. supported B. dedicated c . attracted D. attributed 6 .1 like current affairs programmes that aren’t afraid to tackle______subjects. ' A. concurrent B. controversial c . consecutive D. contradictory 7. Companies have to consider the age of the population when they are_____ new staff. A. recruiting B. enrolling c . enlisting D. raising 8. Fitting together the thousands of fragments o f the broken vase was a long and _ _ _ _ _ _ task. A. minute B. careful c . painstaking D. minuscule 221
9. The show has only recently _________ from the Warehouse Theatre to the Playhouse. A. transferred B. transposed c . transmitted D. transpired 10.Although he stood to gain nothing at all, he helped us out of th e _________ of his heart. A. benevolence B. generosity C-. charity D. goodness III. STRUCTURES AND GRAMMAR (5pts) Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentence. 1. ‘In this city, taking the bus is often_________ driving one’s car.’ A. as convenient than B. so convenient for c . more convenient than D. as convenient to 2. ‘Why are you carrying an umbrella?’ ‘My mother made m e ________ it.’ A. to bring B. bringing c . bring D. brought 3. ‘That film really bpthered me.’ ‘You mean__________you didn’t like it?’ A. to say B. say that c . saying D. that saying 4. ‘I saw you shopping earlier.’ ‘Y ou_________ have; I was at home all morning.’ A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t c . would D. won’t 5 . ‘You mean that class is full?’ ‘If a student wants to take a class but______ sign up, he must wait for the next one.’ A. to neglect to B. neglecting c . neglects to D. is neglected 6. ‘Let’s go have coffee.’ ‘OK, I have ________ time before my class starts.’ A. any B. much c . afew D. a little 7. ‘Did your brother tell your parents about your car wreck?’ ‘Yes, but I wish he_________ ’ A. won’t B. hadn’t c . weren’t D. isn’t 8. ‘Were you able to assemble Amy’s new bicycle by yourself? ‘Yes, since it w as_________ , anyone could do it ’ A. the easiest B. as easy as c . as easy D. so easy 9. ‘How was your French class today?’ ‘Good! I _________ to give a short speech and it went well.’ A. had B. am supposed c . would have D. ought to have IV. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS (5pts) Choose the correct phrase to complete each sentence. 1. We have to _________ down the options before coming to a decision. A. slow B. narrow c . bring D. wind 222
2 t, ‘3 ■I 4
Did you notice Bob trying t o ________ doing the washing-up. A. get up to B. break out of c. get out of D. get along with I was disappointed when I saw the film. It was a real_________ A. let-down B, breakdown c . turnout D. dropout He gambled_________ his life’s savings before starting on his wife’s. A. across B. around c . out D. away iifi, The lecture hall gradually emptied as Professor Jackson _____ on. ' Si'i A. kept B. passed c. rambled D. tỏuched ổ‘ Paloma will have tò _____ her antiques, because she needs the money. A. part with B. take out c . move on D. clear up 7. The speaker failed to get his message _ _ _ _ _ _ to his audience. A. around B. in C;, across D. out 8. The road was closed, so we had to _ and find an alternative route. A. put down B. turn back c . go about D. go off 9. Giuseppe’s secretary______________________ a call to/the office in Milan. A. put through B. applied for '>G.iput by D. set about 10. You shouldn’t have sent Sebastian that Valentine’s card. I think you’ve scared him _________ ! A. back B. down c . off , D. through V. READING COMPREHENSION (lOpts) Read the following passages and choose the best answer for each of the questions below. PASSAGE A Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country’s impressive population growth. For every three Canadians in 1945, there were over five in 1966. In September 1966 Canada’s population passed the 20 million mark. Most of this surging growth eame from natural increase. The depression o f the 1930’s and the war had held back marriages, and the catching-up process began after 1945. the baby Boom continued through the decade of the 1950’s, producing a population increase of nearly fifteen percent in the five years from 195Ỉ to 1956. This rate of increase had been exceeded only once before in Canada’s history, in the decade before 191 i, when the prairies were being settled. Undoubtedly, the good economic conditions of the 1950’s supported a growth in the population, but the expansion also derived from a trend toward earlier marriages and an increase in the average size o f families. In 1957 the Canadian birth rate stood at 28 per thousand, one of the highest in the world. After the peak year o f 1957, the birth rate in Canada began to decline. It continued falling until in 1966 it stood at the lowest level in 25 years. Partly this decline reflected the low level o f births during the depression and the war, but it was also caused by changes in Canadian society. Young people were staying at
school longer; more women were working; young married couples were buying automobiles or houses before starting families; rising living standards were cutting down the size of families. It appeared that Canada was once more falling in step with the trend toward smaller families that had occurred all through the western world since the time of the industrial Revolution. Although the growth in Canada’s population had slowed down by 1966 (the increase in the first half o f the 1960’s was only nine percent) another large population wave was coming over the horizon. It would be composed of the children of the children who were born during the period'Of the high birth rats prior to 1957. 1 What does the passage mainly discuss? A. Educational changes in Canadian society B. Canada during the second World War c . Population trends in postwar Canada D. Standards of living in canada ■ ;> 2 According to the'passage, when did Canada’s baby boom begin? A. In the decade after 1911 B. After 1945 c . During the depression of the 1930’s D. in 1966 3 The word “five” in line 3 refers to_________ A. Canadians B. years c . decades D. marriages 4 The word “surging” in line 4 is closest in meaning to A. new B. extra c . accelerating D. surprising 5. The author suggests that in Canada during the 1950’s_________ A. the urban population decreased rapidly ' B. fewer people married c . economic conditions were poor D. the birth rate was very high 6. The word “trend” in line 11 is closest in meaning to_________ A. tendency B. aim c growth D. directive 7. When was thẹ birth rate in Canada at its lowest postwar level? A. 1966 B. 1957 c. 1956 D. 1951 8. The author mentions all of the following as causes of declines in population growth after 1957 EXCEPT________ _ A people being better educated B people getting married earlier c better standards of living D couples buying houses 9. It can be inferred from the passage that before the Industrial Revolution........... A. families were larger B. population statistics were unreliable c . the population grew steadily D. economic conditions were bad 10. The phrase “prior to” in line 27 is closest in meaning to ....... A. behind B. since c . during D. preceding 224
f
I PASSAGE B I Galaxies are the m ajor building blocks of the universe. A galaxy is a giant f family of many millions of stars, and it is held together by its own gravitational field. Most of the material universe is organized into galaxies o f stars, together with gas and dust.
i
, There are three main types of galaxy: spiral, elliptical, and irregular. The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy: a flattish disc of stars with two spiral arms emerging from its central nucleus. About one-quarter o f all galậxies have this shape. Spiral galaxies are well supplied with the interstellar gas in which new stars form; as the ỳ rotating spiral pattern sweeps around the galaxy it compresses gas and dust, - triggering the formation o f bright young stars in its arms. The elliptical galaxies %have a symmetrical elliptical or spheroidal shápe with no obvious structure. Most of their member stars are very old and since ellipticals are devoid of interstellar jLgas, no new stars are forming in them. The biggest and brightest galaxies. In the ■ He makes su re_________________ ___________________he disagrees with. /
PRACTICE 18 A.PHÂN TRẮC NGHIỆM (Multiple choice questions) Câu hỏi 1: ( 5 điểm) PHONOLOGY I. Find the word that has its underlined part pronounced differently from the three in each question. 1. A. tough
B. plough
2. A. transfer
B. station
3. A. exaggerate
B. exist
4. A. little
B. whistle
5. A. adventure
B. addict
c . enough c. cable c. anxiety c .gentle c .adjective
D.cough D. stable D. complexion D. battle D. advent
II. Choose the word whose stressed syllable is different 1. A. ambassador
B. authoritative
2. A. enthronement
B. execution
3. A. propaganda
B. influential
4. A. eruption
B. obliteration
5. A. tyranny
B; colossal
c. c. c. c. c.
mischievous
D. referring
apparently
D. opposed
estimation
D. euphemism
discretion
D. proximity
explicit
D. tycoon
Câu hỏi 2: (5 điểm) WORD CHOICE 1.The burglar’s presence was betrayed by a .............floorboard. A. cracking B. crunching c . groaning D. creaking 2.Although they had only been invited for lunch th e y ......... until supper time. A. stayed on B. stayed out c . stayed up D. stayed in 3.1 am never free on Tuesday evenings as I have a ..... arrangement to go to the cinema with a friend. I A. long-standing B. long-lived c . long-range D. long-lasting 4.................... any other politician would have given way to this sort of pressure years ago. A. Really B. Practically c . Actually D. Utterly 5.Hardly had the van turned the corner when one of the back w heels................... A. broke away B. turned c . came off D. rolled down 6.In case th e ........... of the certificate fails to come, just keep it in the safe. A. holder ■ B. owner c . patron D; recipient 7. ‘Color’ is just a ................. from ‘Colour’. A. change B. difference c . variant D. merge 8.HÌS political career is now hanging by a ........... A. rope B. hair c . string D. line 9.That gentleman-like official is believed tò be a ........... o f Ly Cong Uan A. follower B. descendant c . grandson D. relative 10.1 have no time to argue with this self-............. women. A. controlled B. dominated c . opinionated D. liked Câu hỏi 3: (5 điểm) STRUCTURES AND GRAMMAR I. Structures 1. Thirty-eight national sites are known as parks, another eighty-two as monuments, and:.............. A. the another one hundred seventy-eight as historical sites. B. the other one hundred seventy-eight as historical sites, c . seventy-eight plus one hundred more as historical sites. D. as historical sites one hundred seventy-eight. 2. Having been selected to represent the Association of American Engineers at the International Convention,.............. A. the member applauded him. B. he gave a short acceptance speech c . a speech had to be given by him. D. the remember congratulated him. 3. He has received several scholarships............... A. not only because of his artistic but his academic ability. 266
B. for both his academic ability as well as his artistic, c . because of his academic and artistic ability. D. as resulting of his ability in the art and the academy. 4. The jurors were told t o ........... I A. talk all they wanted B. make a lot of expressions r c . talk with their minds open D. speak freely 5. ....... we drove the horses into brewing i A. Aware that a tornado was brewing B. Because a tornado brewing, c . Although a tornado was brewing D. A tornado was brewing
II.G ram m ar 1. A lice.............have told him how mad she was at him, but I’m not sure what she told him. V A. should B. must c . may D. can 2. Scarcely........... wearing a dinner jacket./, ' A. anyone was B. was anyone c . someone was D. was someone 3 .1need to find an apartment before I can m o v e..............I can find one in the next ' week or so, I will move to Chicago the first of next month. A. Provided that B. Even if c . Only if D. If only 4.Would you b e ......... my letter while I’m away? A. too good as to forward B. as good as forward : c . so good as to forward D. so good as to forwarding 5,You will g e t...... if you are caught doing that. A. telling on B. to tell against c . to have been told of D. told off Câu hỏi 4: (5 điểm) PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS 1. Linguists have discovered that Nostratic and proto-Indo-European have many words i n .............. . A. relation B. affinity c . common D. conjunction 2. Managers claim we are in desperate ........... of greater investment in our industries. A. requirement B. excess c . need D. lack 3. This neighbourhood looks a little.............and tatty these days. A. well-heeled B. well-off c . run down D. down and out 4. The builders told us that that pile o f cement was ................... was to their requirements. A. excess B. extra c . surplus\ D. spare 267
5. The discovery of oil brought..............wealth to the country. A. untold B. unsaid c. uncalculated D. unannounced 6. Born into a rich family, he h a s ......... for nothing all his life. A. needed B. required c. lacked D. wanted 7. This area is absolutely.................for more investment. A. crying out B. breaking down c. better off D. cutting back 8. The sudden.................. in viewing figures encouraged more advertises to turn to television. k A. upshort B. upturn c . upkeep D. uptake 9. I’m afraid my youngest son has never been particularly quick on th e ................. A. upshort B. upturn c. upkeep D. uptake 10. That was a bit of a ..............for the books: I never expected him to show up. A. turri-up B. turn-out c . turn-Ịn D. turn-away Câu hỏi 5: (10 điểm) READING COMPREHENSION I .Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer. Though harvesting ice is not a new concept, recently it has been considered in a way. Scientists have been studying this idea of harvesting ice as a possible solution to the problem o f the world’s dwindling fresh water supply. Ninety percent of the earth’s fresh water is in the icecap of Antarctica. If only 10 percent o f that ice could be towed to civilization. It Cồuld provide water for 500 million people. But the problem, of course, is one of melting. How can a giant iceberg be towed across the sea without melting? The answer could lie in enclosing the floating ice in iceberg be cylindrical container made o f a high strength synthetic fabric. If the iceberg were nudged into the fabric container, which is opened at both ends, then the ends could be sealed and the sea water pumped out. After that it could be towed to civilization. The melting rate would be slowed down and the synthetic cocoon would act a holding tank for the water. Engineering this project, which might include a container up to one kilometer in length and 100 meters in diameter, would be a feat but engineers say it is possible. After all, fishermen in North Australia sometimes use nets 8 kilometers long and 20 meters across. 1. What is the main subject of this passage? A. The dwindling water supply on earth. B. Fresh water in the Antarctic c . A solution to fresh water needs D. The making of a synthetic cocoon 2. The word “harvesting” as used in line I most likely refers to which of the following? A. Cutting and gathering B. Sorting and assembling c . Producing and selling D. Accumulating and storing 3. O f all the earth’s water, the icecaps of Antarctica contain. A. 10 percent o f the fresh water B. 10 percent of the salt water c . 90 percent o f the fresh water D. 90 percent of the salt water 268
4 The word “dwindling” in the 3 could be replaced by which of the following? A. developing B. insignificant c . inferior D. declining 5 How does the author propose to transport the ice? A. by pulling it B. by chopping it c . by piping it D. by melting 6 According to the passage, the purpose of the fabric container is to.................... I A. protect the ice B. diminish the speed of melting I c. cause the ice to float D. pump out the sea water 7 In line 9 the word “nudsed” is closest in meaning i o .................. ...... A. imagined B. glued • c . melted D. pushed 8. As used in line 11, the word “cocoon” refers to A. protection against insects B. a tank in the boat c . a very large net D. a protective covering 9. The word “feat” in line 14 is most similar in meaning to which of the following ? A. expensive undertaking B. difficult task c . disagreeable job D. critical step ; 10. The purpose of the last sentence is to . . .................. A. reinforce the feasibility of the project B. compare fishermen to engineers c . contrast iceberg containers and fishing nets D. define the size o f the container II.
Read through the following text and then choose the best phrase or sentence given below to fill each of the gaps. Write one letter (A-O) in each of the number gaps. Some of the suggested answers do not fit at all. Every teacher knows that not all students are good examinees. Some are too tense, become over-anxious or too stressed and then perform below expectations just. When it matters most. Teachers try to help by compensating, believing (1).............They will cure his fear of exams. So, at last, (2) ....... ...I completely rewrote the Business Studies Revision Course at this secondary school'. The central idea o f the course is to treat the examination as an event, a challenge, a performance, (3) ................., a drama production, or perhaps a major music concert, ( 4 ) ........... . and very definitely on the public stage. The idea is to show that the exam is not a test, (5 ) ................To show how good the candidate is. The objective is to improve students’ final performance ( 6 ) ..............control and ability to cope. The theme of “total preparation for performance” teaches them that (7) ......... are obviously important, they are only two of the five skills required, (8) .............. mental skills and management skills. These additions give a new dimension (9) .................. increasing enjoyment and motivation. They widen a student’s focus and help to convince some of the less confident students that there are many ways in which they can actively contribute towards their (1 0 )................ 269
(A) much like a sports match. (B) self-confidepce and self-esteem (C) by increasing self-confidence (D) relying on my expertise alone (E) to a student’s revision (F) that if they boost a student’s academic knowledge (G) by improving a student’s revision (H) but an opportunity k (I) those not mattering so much (J) drawing on my teaching experience and sports psychology skills (K) but bigger and more important (L) But a real desire (M) while knowledge and examination techniques (N) despite the need for sustained effort (O) the other being coping strategy (P) of the project Câu hỏi 6: (10 điểm) CLOZE TEST I. Choose the best answer In the US industries that generate hazardous wastes want to dispose of them as cheaply as possible. Private companies hired to dispose o f this waste compete with each other to offer the lowest prices to these industries. The government does not get involved. Beyond setting minimum safety standards. Unfortunately, the ( 1 ) ........... of companies that generate and dispose of waste is to save money, ( 2 ) ..............to guarantee safety. These companies usually send waste to landfills because this is cheaper than recycling or incineration. Disposal firms who want to increase their business must cut comers to lower costs and (3) ..............customers. At the same time, relatively ( 4 ) ............... is done to reduce the volume o f waste generated, .because disposal costs (5 )........... relatively modest. Things are different in Denmark. There the government (6) .............. in the waste disposal process beginning (7) ..............the front establish and (8) ........... waste disposal facilities. This company, called Kommunichem, has a ( 9 ) ............ on waste disposal. Generators o f hazardous waste (1 0 ).............ship their waste to one of Kommúnichem in the waste disposal facilities. In this system, there is no price competition in the waste disposal business. 1. A. solution 2 . A. not 3. A. survive 270
B. license B.just B. efficient
c. importance c. besides c. gain
D. goal D. something D. prosper
4. A. more 5. A. still 6. A. interferes 7. A. to 8. A. operate 9. A. power 10. A.help
B. this B.have B. participates B. by B. found B. profit B. disposal
c. recycling c. remain c. involves c. of c. prepare c. monopoly c. take
D. little D.cheap D. controls D. at D. generate D. responsibility D. must
II.Read the passage and then choose the correct answers for the numbered blanks. Our classes take place for three hours every morning from Monday to Friday. The (1) ....... class size is twelve and the average is ten. We use modem methods (2 )........... teaching and learning, and the school has a language laboratory, a video camera, and recorder. You will only be successful in improving your English ; however, if you work hard and practice ( 3 " ) ,........... English as much as you can. You will take a short ( 4 ) ..............in English as soon as you arrive. In this way, we can put you in a ( 5 ) ........... at the most suitable level. There are two classes at the elementary level: one is for complete (6)................. and the other is for students who know only a little English. In both classes you will practice simple conversations. In the class at the Intermediate level, you will have a lot o f practice in communicating in ( 7 ) ............... situations because we help you to use the English you have previously (8) .................in your country. You will also to build up your vocabulary. The emphasis is on oral communication practice in a wide variety of situations at the advanced(9)................... You will learn how to use language correctly and appropriately when you talk to native speakers. In addition, you will develop such study skills as reading efficiently, writing articles and reports, and note-talking from books and lectures. l.A. maximum
B. minimum
G. small
Đ. large
2. A. in
B. of
c. on
Đ. for
3 .A. speak
B. to speak
D .o f speaking
4. A. test
B. exam
c. speaking c. course
5. A. form
B. class
D. course
6. A. starters
B. beginners
c. grade c. new-comers
D. learners
7. A. life-real
B. real-life
c. real lives
D. lives-real
8. A. got 9. A. knowing
B. gained B. knowledge
c. studied D. lèarnt c. understanding D. skill
D. lesson
271
B. PHÂN T ự LUẬN Câu hỏi 1: (20 điểm) OPEN CLOZE TEST L Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word. When some psychiatrists attempt to explain genius, they talk in terms of mental disturbance. This is a strange way of describing remarkable men. (Sadly, it is usually men, (1) ..............occasionally women are also mentioned.) Psychiatrists often (2) .............to geniuses as people who tend to be oversensitive, melancholy and even schizophrenic; they channel their destructive energy into their masterpieces. A survey ( 3 ) ...... out on 30 American writers revealed that 37% of them ( 4 ) .............from depression. A British study of famous artists (including poets, painters and sculptors) showed that 38% had received some sort of psychiatric treatment. An alternative (5) ... ...... of intelligence, expressed at a recent conference in the French city of Bordeaux, sees geniuses as people who matured very early and are workaholics with an amazing (6) .............to produce a lot of work in a short space of time. -Bach," for example, with his 46 volumes of musical compositions. Does this mean intelligence and even genius is a question of how much is created? We don’t know the answer yet, but Thomas Edison, one of the greatest inventors ( 7 ) ........... all time, said that genius is 1% inspiration and 99%, perspiration! Other interesting (8) ............... about geniuses are that they tend to be bom in spring, (9) .............Leonardo and Shakespeare, and they become orphans in their early childhood. One ( 1 0 ) ........ whether it is a sign of good or bad luck to be born a genius.
II. Fill each blank in the following passage with one suitable word. There are people whose (1) ....... ........begins from the moment of their death. Hemingway is one'of them. He was a great man. The whole o f his creative work was a long (2) ................. for Hemingway, the man and the writer, had many enemies. Perhaps his greatest enemy was war. He heated it with (3)........... his heart, with his (4) ..........body in which 28 bullets had (5)............... their traces. Hemingway hated those who ( 6 ) .............a business of war. In an introduction to his famous (7) ............... . novel ”A Farewell to Arms”, Hemingway said that wars were started by people who ( 8 ) ................!......from them, and he suggested that those ( 9 ) .............people should be shot on the (10)......... ....... first day of war, by sentence of the people. Câu hỏi 2: (20 điểm) WORD FORMS I. Wordformation: 1.The launch of the space-rockẹt was delayed because the fuel system w a s ........... (FUNCTION) 272
2. They try to overcome their financial......... coming from the project. (THORN) (GROUND) 3. He was standing in the middle, in th e ..... of the picture. 4. The slight.............In his left hand was corrected by surgery . (FORM) 5.1 watched a .....O f rain move slowly down the window. (DROP) ;6. Politeness is one thing. Real kindness is another. You must learn to ........... I between them. (DIFFER) >7. We have been g iven ........... that the water is safe to drink. (SURE) ! 8. At the beginning o f nineteenth century, Britain’s I....... .. was France. (ENEMY) Í 9. The firm maintained that the strike was organized by a group o f political ....... (ACT) i 10. In London she was .................. By a rich woman who looked after her and i helped her. ' (FRIEND) II. W ord form ation 1 Some recent research into (1 )............ bẹị\veen men and women
CONVERSE
’ has produced results which will surprise few women. Men are always interrupting women when they talk. One (2 ).......... feels that men regard female talk as a kind of conversational (3 ).............They expect women
RESEARCH HOUSE
to play a supporting role. So a man interrupts in a display of (4 )........
DOMINATE
of control. Men also have a much more (5 )...........listening style.
PLEASANT
Whereas a woman uses gestures or say: “mm”, a man will say such thing as “ring” or “ okay” thus settle the stage for an (6 ).......... Conversation INTERRUPT of this kind, then, hardly has (7 ).............eommunication. Male talk is often (8 )............ while women are more tentative, asking more questions
MEAN ARGUE
and tending to build up their replies on what the other person had said. The research would indicate that women are better(9)...........than men.
LISTEN
Yet, listening secretly to conversation between groups of women, one has the (1 0 )............. of several simultaneous monologues into man would be IMPRESS able to get a chance to speak. Câu hỏi 3: (10 điểm) ERROR IDENTIFICATION In most line o f the following text, there is one unnecessary word. It is either grammatically incorrect or does not f it in with the sense o f the text. Write the unnecessary word in the space next to the question number below. Some lines are correct. Indicate these lines with a stick (v). Ex: 0. V 0. of 0. exactly 273
When I told an architect friend that I was writing a brief book on opera, he asked if it would tell him “what he was missing”. The feeling o f that he was missing something was a step in the exactly right direction, but the fact that he had lived in England for 45 years without setting his foot in the theatre for an opera performance was a reflection on the small part that opera-plays in the lives o f the majority o f so intelligent people in Britain. The basic appeal of opera is to the heart, if not the head, and the British find the outpouring of emotion and passionate melody feel a little embarrassing. Unlike for the Italians, the Germans and the French, the British have no native operatic tradition o f long standing, and so this opera has remained a largely suspect foreign important, which indulged in by the rich, and condemned by intellectuals on the old premise that “anything too silly to be said, could be sung”. Opera is. not really something like that at all. The half of its origins may be aristocratic, but the other half are firmly rooted in the songs, stories and dances of such popular entertainment through the centuries.
0. 0. 0. 1. 2. 3. 4. c J. f.0. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
Câu hỏi 4: (20 điểm) SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 1. If anyone succeeds in solving the problem, it will probably be him. He is the m o st............................................................................... ................ 2. Mr.Foster asked me to write this letter to you. It is a t ............................ ......... ............................. .......................... ............... 3. Regarding payment, most major credit cards are acceptable. -> As far as ..... ................................................................................................... 4. My parents think that I should go to university rather than start a job immediately. My parents would prefer ..... ..................................................... .................... 5. The soldiers entered the castle while it was dark. -ỳ U nder.............................................................................................................. 6. This patient’s condition is rather worrying if you look at his medical history. G iven............................................................................................................... 7. This is our temporary office. -> F o r ....................... ............ ............................ .................................................. 8. I’m more interested in the people than the job. -ỳ It’s n o t ........................................................................... ................................ 9. Julia soon calmed down and explained her problem. Julia soon pulled ........................................................................................... . 10.1 can’t imagine myself ever singing in public. -> I would ............................................................................................................ 274
PRACTICE 19 I. Circle A, B, c , or D whose underlined part is pronounced differently from those of the others. (20m) B. through c . thank D. thigh 1. A. Thames B. food c. soon D. good 2. A. too B. honest c.hom e D.hour 3. A. ghost . c . gentle B little D. battle 4. A, whistle B. come 5. A. comfortable D. comb c . some II. Circle A, B, c , or D which has different stressed syllable from the rest (20m) 6 A. apparent B. appetite c . apartheid D. apartment 7 A. eccentric B. eclectic c . ecocide D. ectopic 8 A. stabilize B. stadium c . stamina D. starvation 9 A. technical B. tedious //, ,c. teenager D. tequila 10 A. engineer B. enchanter c . enclosure D. enforcement III. Circle a, b, c, or d for the best answer. (15m) 1. I’d like to buy that glass vase you have in the window - the one with the roses ........... on the side. A. inscribed B. tattooed c . designed D. etched 2. Although the patient received intensive treatment, there was no .................. improvement in her condition. A. decipherable B. legible c . discernible D. intelligible 3. The official inquiry into the accident..............the captain o f all responsibility. A. cleared B, released c . freed D. relinquished 4. After his long illness, the old man appeared so thin and ............that a gust of wind might have blown him away. A. flimsy B. frail c . withered D. faint 5. The lamp would not work because of a ........... in the switch. A. defect B. mistake c . stoppage D. hindrance 6. The taxi had t o ........... because the traffic lights had turned red. A. setup B. catch up c . cutup D. pull up 7. You had better keep a box of m atches.............. in case the lights go out again, A. by hand B. handy c . in touch D. in the way 8. The kitchen was small and ....... so that the disabled woman could reach everything without difficulty. A. complete B. complex c . compact D. composite 9. He’s not really ill; he’s just putting i t ....... A. over B. on c . up \ D. round 275
10. As the skydarkened it soon became obvious that a violent thunderstorm was
A. imminent B. instantaneous c . immediate D. eminent 11. Enough money has been raised t o ........... the hospital’s survival. A. ensure B. endow c. enable D 12..............the invention of the steam engine, most forms of transport were horsedrawn. A. Akin to B. With reference to c . In addition to D. Prior to 13. When John was arrested for drunken driving, he expected to lose his driving license, but he w a s ....... . with a fine. A. let through B. let off c . let out D. let down 14. We intend t o .......... with the old system as soon aswe have developed a better one. . A. do up B. do away c . do down D. do in 15. From time to time h e ........... himself to a weekend in a five-star hotel. A. craves B. indulges c . treats D. benefits 16. B y ..........the housework done, my mother has more time to pursue her career. A. ordering B. taking c . having D. making 17. Had she worked harder last summer, s h e ........................... A. wouldn't have been sacked B. wouldn't have sacked c . wouldn't sack D. wouldn't be sacked 18. If you want to develop inner tranquility, you have to stop ..................... by every little thing that happens. A. bothering B. being bothered c . to bother D. to be bothered 19. My supervisor is angry with me. I didn't do all the work I ................. last week. A. should have done B. may have done c . need to have done D. must have done 20. Not until the end of the 19th century...... ........... become a scientific discipline. A. plant breeding has B. did plant breeding c . plant breeding had D. has plant breeding 21. Many trains have been cancelled and lo n g ........... .................. are expected. A. distance B. postponements c . timetable D. delays 22. The journalist refused t o ................................... the source of his information. A. disclose B. expose c . propose D. enclose 23. Is the lift is working?. - No , it’s ............... Lets use the stairs. A. out of work B. impossible c . in danger D. out o f order 24. The thief managed to ......................the police barricade. A. break through B. break in c . break on D. break up 25........................ ! Things will get better. A. Cheer on B. Cheer at c . Cheer up D. Cheer in 276
Ị 26. The police are trying t o ..................... on drunk drivers. A. crack up B. crack down c. crack through D.crack in 27. He is so funny! He really cracks m e ....................... A. up B. around c. on D. of 2 8 .1 though the movie was going to end, but it ju s t......................... A. dragged in B. dragged on c. dragged into D. dragged up 29. If you're telling someone t o ......................... , you're telling them to relax. A. calm Qut B. calm down c . calm in D. calm on 30. This is the time of year when stores........... their prices, so you can get good deals. A. mark on B. mark through c . mark down D. mark up Câu hỏi 3: A. Read the following passage and circle A, B, c , or D for the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 10.,(10m) Until recently, hunting for treasure fróm shipwrecks was mostly fantasy; with recent technological advances, however, the search for sunken treasure has become more popular as a legitimate endeavor. This has caused a debate between those wanting to salvage the wrecks and those wanting to preserve them. Treasure hunters are spurred on by the thought of finding caches o f gold coins or other valuable objects on a sunken ship. One team of salvagers, for instance, searched the wreck of the RMS Republic, which sank outside the Boston harbor in 1900. The search party, using side-scan sonar, a device that projects sound waves across the ocean bottom and produces a profile o f the sea floor, located the wreck in just two and a half days. Before the use of this new technology, such searches could take months or years. The team of divers searched the wreck for two months, finding silver tea services, crystal dinnerware, and thousands o f bottles of wine, but they did not find the five and a half tons of American Gold Eagle coins they were searching for. Preservationists focus on the historic value o f a ship. They say that even if a shipwreck's treasure does not have a high monetary value, it can be an invaluable source of historic artifacts that are preserved in nearly m int condition. But once a salvage team has scoured a site, much o f the archaeological value is lost. Maritime archaeologists who are preservationists worry that the success of salvagers will attract more treasure-hunting expeditions and thus threaten remaining undiscovered wrecks. Preservationists are lobbying their state lawmakers to legally restrict underwater searches and unregulated salvages. To counter their efforts, treasure hunters argue that without the lure of gold and million-dollar treasures, the wrecks and their historical artifacts would never be recovered at all. 277
Question 1: What is the main idea of this passage? A. Searching for wrecks is much easier with new technologies iike side-scan sonar. B. Maritime archaeologists are concerned about the unregulated searching of wrecks, c . The search o f the RMS Republic failed to produce the hoped-for coins, D. The popularity o f treasure seeking has spurred a debate between preservationists and salvagers. Question 2: The word "sunken" is closest in meaning to which of the following words? A. broken B. underwater c . ancient D. hollow Question 3: Which of the following could best replace the phrase "a profile" as used? A. a projection B. an execution c . a highlight D. an outline Question 4: Which of the following statements is best supported by the author? A. The value of a shipwreck depends on the quantity o f its artifacts. B. Preservationists are fighting the use o f technological advances such as sidescan sonar. c . Side-scan sona'f has helped to legitimize salvaging. D. The use of sound waves is crucial to locating shipwrecks. Question 5: The author uses the phrase "mint condition" to describe................... A. something perfect B. something significant c . something tolerant D. something magical Question 6: All of the following were found on the RMS Republic E X C E P T ....... A. wine bottles B. silver tea services c . American Gold Eagle coins D. crystal dinnerware Question 7: From the passage, you can infer that a preservationist would be most likely to .............. A. shun treasure-seeking salvagers B. be a diver c . put treasures in a museum D. do archaeological research Question 8: The word "scoured" is most similar to which o f the following? A. scraped away B. scratched over c . scrambled around D. searched through Question 9: What is,the closest meaning to the word "lure"? A. knowledge B. attraction c . luxury D. glare Question 10: The second and third paragraphs are an example o f ......................... A. chronological order B. explanation c . specific to general D. definition B. Read the following passage adapted from Cultural Guide - OALD, and circle A, B, c , or D for the correct answer to each of the questions from 11 to 20. (10m) The issue of equality for women in British society first attracted national attention in the early 20th century, when the suffragettes won for women the right to vote. In the 1960s feminism became the subject of intense debate when the 278
f
women’s liberation movement encouraged women to reject their traditional I supporting role and to demand equal status and equal rights with men in areas such ' as employment and pay. Í Since then, the gender gap between the sexes has been reduced. The Equal Pay t ' Act o f 1970, for instance, made it illegal for women to be paid less than men for I doing the same work, and in 1975 the Sex Discrimination Act aimed to prevent Ị ' either sex having an unfair advantage when applying for jobs. In the same year the I ' Equal Opportunities Commission was set up to hẹlp people claim their rights to •; equal treatment and to publish research and statistics to show where improvements 1 in opportunities for women need to be made. Women now have much better employment opportunities, though they still tend to get less well-paid jobs than men, and very few are appointed to top jobs in industry. In the US the movement that is often called the “first wave o f feminism” began in the mid 1800s. Susan B. Anthony worked for the right to vote, Margaret Sanger . wanted to provide women with the means o f contraception so that they could / decide whether or not to have children, ai)d Elizabeth Blackwell, who had to fight for the chance to become a doctor, wanted women to have greater opportunities to study. Many feminists were interested in other social issues. The second wave of feminism began in the 1960s. Women like Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem became associated with the fight to get equal rights and opportunities for women under the law. An important issue was the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), which was intended to change the Constitution. Although the ; ERA was not passed, there was progress in other areas. It became illegal for employers, schools, clubs, etc. to discriminate against women. But women still find it hard to advance beyond a certain point in their careers, the so-called glass ceiling that prevents them from having high-level jobs. Many women also face the problem of the second shift, i.e. the household chores. In the 1980s, feminism became less popular in the u s and there was less interest in solving the remaining problems, such as the fact that most women stiil earn much less than men. Although there is still discrimination, the principle that it should not exist is widely accepted. Question 11: It can be inferred from paragraph 1 that in the 19th century, ______ . c ' A. British women did not complete their traditional supporting role B. most women did not wish to have equal status and equal rights c . British women did not have the right to vote in political elections D. suffragettes fought for the equal employment and equal pay Question 12: The phrase “gender gap” in paragraph 2 refers t o _____ . A. the visible space between men and women B. the difference in status between men and women c . the social distance between the two sexes D. the social relationship between the two sexes 279
Question 13: Susan B. Anthony, Margaret Sanger, and Elizabeth Blackwell are mentioned a s _____ . A. American women who were more successful than men B. American women with exceptional abilities c . pioneers in the fight for American women’s rights D. American women who had greater opportunities Question 14: The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)_____ . A. was not officially approved B. changed the u s Constitution c . was brought into force in the 1960s D. supported employers, schools and clubs Question 15: In the late 20th century, some information about feminism in Britain was issued by_____ . A. the Equal Rights Amendment B. the Equal Pay Act of 1970 c . the Equal Opportunities Commission D. the Sex Discrimination Act Question 16: Whieh'of the following is true according to the passage? A. The movement of feminism began in the u s earlier than in Britain. B. The women’s liberation movement in the world first began in Britain. c . The US movement of feminism became the most popular in the late 20th century. D. The British government passed laws to support women in the early 20th century. Question 17: The phrase “glass ceiling” in paragraph 4 mostly means_______ . A. an imaginary barrier B. an overlooked problem c . a ceiling made of glass D. a transparent frame Question 18: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. There is now no sex discrimination in Britain and in the u s . B. Many American women still face the problem of household chores. c . An American woman once had to fight for the chance to become a doctor. D. British women now have much better employment opportunities. Question 19: It can be inferred from the passage that A. the belief that sex discrimination should not exist is not popular in the u s B. women in Britain and the u s still fight for their equal status and equal rights c . the British government did not approve of the women’s liberation movement D. women do not have better employment opportunities despite their great efforts Question 20: Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Opportunities for Women Nowadays B. Women and the Right to Vote c . The Suffragettes in British Society D. Feminism in Britain and the u s 280
I Câu hỏi 4: * Every nation has a set of rules, either written or unwritten, which (1) ............... how people act with each other. ( 2 ) ........... . written rules are often laws, and they control how we drive, operate a business or run a government. Individuals who (3) ....... laws may be fined or put in jail. Because illegal behavior generally harms Ỉother individuals or ( 4 ) ........... at large, our court system must punish people who ■disregard these formal rules. Informal rules, often called "manners" or "etiquette" describe correct and I incorrect ( 5 ) .......... in such situations as eating in a restaurant going on a date, or I working in an office. If one is impolite or (6) .. in these situations people often consider the (7) .............. immature and insensitive. And although we can strongly disapprove of such misconduct, we cannot ( 8 ) ....... punish someone > for simply being inconsiderate or unpleasant. Neither laws (9) ........... manners are inflexible; both change as society ■ develops. For example, in the early twentieth century, the selling of alcohol was . (1 0 ).......... by the 18th Amendment to the Constitution. A. forces c. decides D. argues B. determines A. Formally B. Solemnly c. Importantly D. Decently A. displace D. disobey B. disrepute c. displease A. band D. group B. disrepute c. society A. action B. thought c. treatment D. behavior A. misbehaves c. misunderstands D. behavior B. violates A breaker B. offender c. doer D. liar A legally B. rightly c. correctly D. really B. and D. or A not c. nor A discouraged B. stopped c. prevented D. prohibited Câu hỏi 5: B. Circle the most suitable preposition among A, B, c or D for each numbered gap to complete the passage. (lQm) If you look at the sky (11) ...... a clear night, you will see that there are so many twinkling lights that nobody is able to count them all. Most o f these lights are stars. They are (1 2 )....... big moving balls in the sky. The stars we see (13) night are much farther away (14) ...... our sun, which is also a star. Some o f these stars are like our earth, they are (15) ...... more solid material. They are called planets. They shine just as a mirror does when you hold it (1 6 )....... the sunlight. Instead (1 7 )....... giving ( 1 8 ) .........the light of their own, these planets reflect the iight (1 9 )....... our sun. The other planets of the Slin are much closer (2 0 ).........our planet earth than the stars are. However these other planets are very far away. It would take a spaceship traveling more than 60,000 miles an hour about five months to reach the nearest one. \ 281
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
A. on A. as A. on A. between A. from A. to A. along A. up A. from A. to
B. at B. like B. at B. of B. by B against B. from B. back B. of B. away
c. in c . above c. beside c. from c. of c. opposite c . with c. out c. with c. from
D. from D. under D. beyond D. next D. in D. across D. of D. in D. by D. within
Câu hỏi 6:
HOME-ALONE FATHERS The number of ( 1 ) ....................... fathers has increased considerably in recent years in Britain. We spoke to one such dad, Steve Baker, about how he copes with it all. Steve, 43, has brought up his two teenage sons since he and his wife (2) ........................ up two years ago. “It’s ( 3 ) ........................more difficult for a man than it is for a woman,” says Steve. “It’s a full-time job, whoever you are. Fortunately for me, my employers were very (4) ........................ in the first new months and they let me take time off work to get myself organized. As far as the housework is (5) ........................, I don’t mind cooking, as I’ve always been good at that; it’s the ironing I can’t ( 6 ) ..........................! Generally (7) ........................, the boys and I get on very well together but of course, sometimes we have rows. That’s when I really miss having someone there with me to help me (8) I have had a couple of relationships in the last two years but they haven’t (9) .........................out. That has a lot to do with the fact that I put my kids before anyone else. I take fatherhood very (1 0 )...................................................” Câu hỏi 7: A lot of language teachers are still don’t (1) ........ .......... American English in the classroom, ( 2 ) .................... parents often complain that in the (3).................... their children do at school American spelling is (4)!.................. ás a mistake most learner agree that, for the ( 5 ) ............... of teaching, the two kinds of English should not bé mixed, but teacher should not split hairs, there has been an (6) .................... of words and phrases(7)...... ............the Atlantic going on for quite time, and modem British English contains so many “Americanisms” that is often difficult to draw a sharp line; Technical (8)....................as well as some slang expression from TV films have been taken over and have (9) .................... in British English, and often the British are not even aware that these words did not exist in their language (1 0 )....................
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Câu hỏi 8: ỉ I. These objectives are certainly.................We have to try new ones. (ATTAIN) 2. He admitted that his cruel joke w a s ................... (INTEND) 3. T h e ....................answer to my question was “no”. (VARY)
4. He is normally v ery-------so you will be lucky if you get any information out of Ị him. (COMMUNICATE) He is laughing ......... ...........(HEART)
/
■ 6. Justice is often........................as ạ blindfolded woman holding a pair o f scales. (PERSON) 7. We hope to see m o re....................schools where children of different races can ' get used to working together. (INTEGRATE) 8. Country lanes are o ften .................
in winter. (PASS)
Í 9. She is at a very ................... . age. (IMPRESS) 10. They made th e ir....................departureJust-before the floods. (PROVIDE)
There isa saying that first impressions are generally correct and I would say that (11) ... throughout my entire life, I have fo notable exception of a good friend and neighbour' with whom my first (12) .................. was decidedly unfriendly.
At the time of our first meeting I was living in a (13) ................... area of London, not far from the exit of a dual (14) ....................and this meant that although it was a residential street, even with the (15).................. will in the world, drivers would often travel dangerously fast within inches o f my front door. This used to really annoy me and I have to admit I did often go a bit (16)....................in expressing my anger even though (or perhaps because) I knếw I didn't stand a (17).............. . chance of being taken notice of or even noticed at all. So when one day, I shouted my usual string of swear words at à rapidly passing car and it immediately screamed tạ a halt, my first reaction was an enormous sense of (18).....................But then the driver of the car opened his window and shouted a stream of swear words back at me. So the next morning, I was more than a little surprised to find an apology note from the same motorist in my mail box explaining that in an attempt to (1 9 )....................his career as an up and coming IT (20)...................................................................................... ... he had been driving too fast the p to have dinner with him and his wife. 11. A L L ....................
12. C H A N G E ............ 13. DEPRIVE...............
m . C A R R Y ....... .........15. G O O D .................... 16. BOARD 17.REA SON ..............
..............
18. A C H IE V E ......... 19. F A R .......................,
}20. CONSULT .........
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Câu hỏi 9:
Water scarcity is fast becoming one of major limiting factors in world crop production. In many areas, poor agricultural practices have led to increased desertification add the loss of former arable lands. Consequently, those plant species are well adapted to surviving in dry climates are being looked at for an answer in developing more efficient crops to grow in marginally arable lands. Plants use several mechanics to ensure their survival in desert environments. Some involve purely mechanical and physical adaptations, such as the shape of the plant’s surface, small leaf size, and extensive root system. Some of adaptations are related with chemical mechanism. Many plants, such as cactuses, have internal gums which give them water retaining properties. Another chemical mechanism is that of the epicuticular wax layer. This wax layer acts like a cover to protect the plant which prevents loss of infernal moisture.
1....... 2....... 3....... 4 ....... 5....... 6....... 7....... 8....... 9....... 10....... 11....... 12...... 13.......
C âu hỏi 10: Rewrite these sentences as suggested ]. Customs officials are stopping more travelers than usual this week. An in creased ................................................................................ 2 . 1 left without saying goodbye as I didn’t want to disturb the meeting. Rather .......................................................................................... 3. My decision to get up and dance coincided with the band’s decision to s playing. The m om ent................................................................................ ......... 4. He never suspected that the bicycle had been stolen. At no tim e.............................................................................................. 5. She was dismissed because her typing was poor. (LOST) 6. In the area, Thailand is much better than all other countries in football. (SHOULDERS) 7. The claim to provide the best service in business, but I think that can be questioned. (DISPUTE)
8. You should punish him severely so that others will be afraid to behave as he c (EXAMPLE) 9. The boy does whatever his father wants in an obedient way. (ATTENDANCE 10.1 really regret to have lost the opportunity to get the promotion. (BOAT)
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F PRACTICE 20 Câu hỏi 1: PHONOLOGY A Pick out the word whose underlined part is pronounced that of the others. A. psychiatrist B. psychiatric c. psychics ■1, c. aquaplaning A elaborate B. gracious t A. competitive B. controversial c. promote 3. B. preface c . palace A. necklace 4. c. guidelines A. belies B. invariably 5.
differently from D. psyching D. international D. commercial D. replace D. crystalline
B. Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from that of the others. A. illustrative c. illustrator D. illustrious B. illustrate 6. c. admirable ’ D. arguable A. amicable B. agreeable 7. / c. relativism A. legitimacy B. courageous D. indefinite 8. B. multimedia ' c. conscientiously D. facsimile A. introduce 9. c. quandary D. hedonist B. meandering 10. A. extricate Câu hỏi 2: WORD CHOICE Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences 1. He says he isn’t afraid of risking his o w n _____ in the mission and he won’t give it up. A. neck B. ears c . head D. mind 2. We have t o ____ the hard time hoping that things will change for the better in the future. A. maintain B. endure c . persist D. outlive 3. Seldom does she refuse to do her friends a good_____ , but on that occasion she was too busy to pay attention to other people’s problems. A. assistance B. turn c . aid D. backing 4. Betty says she cannot stand looking at the rat, _ _ _ _ _ touching it. A. even so B. let alone c . what if D. as far as 5. Beyond all ___ , it was Alice who gave away our secrets. A. fail B. conclusion c . dispute D. contradiction 6. They said I’d be on ______ for the first two or three weeks as they want to find out about my skills. A. testing B. examination c . inspection D. probation 7. Pasta in its various forms is th e ____diet in Italy. A. common B. staple c . usual D. obvious 8. ‘What did you talk about?’ - ‘O h,___________ A. pins and needles B here and there c . this and that D. leaps land bounds 285
9. T he___of the project has been suspended because of the inadequate financing A. implementation B. establishment c . installation D. exploration 10. T h e_____man refused to give his son a single cent to start his own business. A. miserly B. meager c . economical D. frugal STRUCTURE & GRAMMAR Choose the best answer that grammatically fits each o f the blanks in the following sentences. 1. ____ , in the center of old Sanaa, many of the city’s houses, some ten centuries old, will collapse if restoration isn’t started soon. A. There are B. It is c . There D. Being 2. The b ell___ Lthe end of the period rang,____our heated discussion. A. indicating, interrupting B. indicated, interrupting c . indicating, interrupted D. indicated, interrupted 3. Every minute must be made full use___English. A. of studying " B. to study c . of being studied D. of to study 4. Hibernating animals breathe_____ during their long sleep, which may last for six months,_____ it is hardly noticeable. A. so slowly - that B. as slowly - as c . the slowest - when D. far slower - than 5 . _____ law degrees as today. A. Never have so many women received B. Never have women ever received c . Never so many women have been receiving D. Never have there been so many women receiving 6 . ____by the policeman, his face went pale with fear. A. For being tied B. Having been tied c . What he did was seen D. His hands tied 7. _________ workers found accidentally while constructing a new subway line in Mexico city yielded new information about previous civilizations in the area was well-documented. A. Relics that B. That relics that c . It was relics that D. Not until relics had 8. He was ■ ________ we had expected. A. much efficient at written work than B. efficiently working like c. not nearly as efficient at working as a writer as D. not more efficient in writing than 286
9. It is clear_____ the city government will have to raise taxes if the police force is going to be strengthened. A. what B. that c . whatever D. whether 10. After the flood had left so many homeless, the ___________ donated ,, whatever they could spare of their food, clothing and shelter. A. town-neighborhood people B. neighbor town people ffi c . people town neighbors D. neighboring towns people *y.; ' ‘ câu hỏi 3 PREPOSITION & PHRASAL VERB Choose the best answer to complete each o f the following sentences 1. Andrew is a draftsman___profession, but,he works as a clerk at the post office. A. in B. at c . with D. by 2. She is too w eak_____ mathematics to ever pass the exam. She won’t succeed even her hundredth effort. , A. at/at B. at/in ’C/in/at D. in/in 3. I got up at six, started my work half an hour later and stayed there until five p .m ____no free tim e_____ between. A. within/ at B. in/of c . with/inD. in/to 4. He is generous __________a fault. A. without B. to c . at D. for 5. Adam felt sick____ heart after his girlfriend had walked out ____him. A. in/ against B. by/by c . with/to D. at/on 6. We feared we would have to sell the house to pay off the debts and couldn’t find any better solution to this problem. A. get round B. come off c . pull out D. run up against 7. How big are the profits we cap expect the London branch t o ____this year? A. give off B. round up c . spring up D. turn in 8. I suggest we _____ more coal in case the forecasts o f a long and heavy winter should come true. A. put in B. lay in c . give in D. do in 9. It is said that the corruption can hardly b e _______ especially among top officials. A. borne out B. rooted out c . worn off D. owned up to 10. Has Danny ________ the New Year’s reception yet? A taken up B. snapped up c . seen about D. backed down
READING COMPREHENSION PASSAGE 1 Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. MIGRATION Various types o f migration have occurred perpetually throughout history. Th earliest evidence tells of groups o f people who were hunter-gatherers and nomadi These people lived off the land that bordered their homes. When resources wer used up, survival was a matter of finding more resources. Surprisingly, thes groups werẹ able to return to previous locations after several cycles of migration The lives o f nomads were not as gruelling as it was usually made out to be. Instead their livelihood contributed to the ecological system and they were very much i crucial factor in the system. Nomadic life was plain and nomads possessed few personal assets. Thei environment was their source of survival, not just for food and drink but also fo basic items like tools. Clothes and jewellery were made from animal skin an< beans respectively. It was not difficult to obtain the materials prerequisite fo whatever they needed. The thought of rebuilding houses on a quotidian basis migh seem daunting but it had become part and parcel o f their daily routine. Everyom chipped in to help build the houses and quickly as possible. Contrary tọ populai belief, women were often seen joining pieces of wood together or packing straw and wood to form roofs. It is a wonder that each new home could be made as comfortable as the previous ones. During the onset o f industrialisation, factory work was commonplace. Massive rural-urban migration took place. Thousands of workers shifted from farm tc factory work. Assembly line work was supposed to provide a much better form oi livelihood for these farmers than the rigorous work on the farm. However, the supply of homes could not keep up with the demand and squatters became the new homes of these workers. They were not better off in the city compared to the countryside. Hygiene was poor and there were exiguous water facilities. Overcrowding led to the outbreak o f many diseases. Migratory farm labour was also common during the 1920s and 1930s. Unversed and without land, these farmers were forced to migrate from one state to another in America in search o f jobs in the different farms. Jobs were aplenty during harvest time and luckily, these occurred at different times of the year, depending on the states. At any one harvest, about two hundred thousand workers might be needed. Fruit and berry crops required additional hands during harvest time but wheat played the most significant role in periodic rural migration. Besides harvesting, packing of berry crops and other fruits also required a large amount of help. Workers moved in groups together with their families. Each acre of land was assured of help from both the young and old. However, with technological advancement, there was fervent competition for jobs at the farms. From the planting to the harvesting and later the packing as well, less and less 288
manual labour was needed. Five men replaced the three hundred men that used to perform a task and machinery was used for menial and repetitive work. During the Great Depression in the 1930s, pea-pickers were also another migrant group of workers who found it arduous to make ends meet. Staying in tents, these groups moved about from place to place. However, when the harvest was poor, there was little that could be done. Some o f the men were actually workers in the city but many had lost their jobs. The pea-pickers, who were the women, were left to bear the brunt of taking care of the family. Large families with an average o f seven children were commonplace. The lucky ones outlived the ordeal on frozen vegetables that they had obtained the season before. Throughout history, people have moved from one place to another in search of better jobs and opportunities. The hapless Qnes were usually the working lass. Without proper education and armed with manual skills, many o f them were in the clutches o f the inevitable technological advancements. Choose the correct answer fo r each o f ,the following questions. Write your answer (A, B, c or D) in the numbered box. 1. The word “perpetually” as used in the first line can be best substituted by the te rm ........... A. outrageously B. particularly c. undyingly D. incessantly 2. Why were nomads able to live on very few assets? A. They were too satisfied to seek possessions of other things. B. They were able to manage with their assets. c . They retrieved other needed things from their environment. D. They made other things from natural materials. 3. Why does the writer mention “the supply o f homes” and “exiguous water facilities” in the third paragraph? A. To lessen the lures of urban life. B. To compare life in the city and in the countryside. c . To relinquish the disaffection towards urban life to readers. D. To concentrate on the lack o f infrastructure. 4. How did the Great Depression affect the pea-pickers? A. The introduction o f machines made them redundant. B. They were left with the responsibility of family care, c . The crises left them in makeshift tents. D. They had to search for a longer time for food. 5. The word “exiguous” used in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to the word .............. A.inadequate B. ample c. indulgent D. inexhaustible
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For each o f t h e following sentences, decide whether they are true, false or no given by writing T, F or NG respectively in the numbered box. 6. The working class was forced to compete for their jobs in light of mechanisation. 7. Rural-urban migration resulted from the need for better living conditions. 8. Wheat harvesting required more farmhands than any other kinds of crops. 9. Metropolitan area observed minimal spreading of diseases. 10.Nomads are believed to have lived more exhaustingly than they actually did. PASSAGE 2 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answei sheet to indicate the correct answer to each o f the questions. Ranked as the number one beverage consumed worldwide, tea takes the leac over coffee in both popularity and production with more than 5 million metric tons o f tea produced annually. Although much o f this tea is consumed in Asian European, and African countries, the United States drinks its fair share. According to estimates by the'Tea Council o f the United States, tea is enjoyed by no less thar half of the U.S. population on any given day. Black tea or green tea - iced, spiced, or instant tea drinking has spurred a billion-dollar business with major tea producers in Africa and South America and throughout Asia. Tea is made from the leaves of an evergreen plant, Camellia sinensis, which grows tall and lush in tropical regions. On tea plantation, the plant is kept trimmed to approximately four feet high and as new buds called flush appear, they are plucked off by hand. Even in today’s world o f modem agricultural machinery, hand harvesting continues to be the preferred method. Ideally, only the top two leaves and a bud should be picked. This new growth produces the highest quality tea. After being harvested, tea leaves are laid out on long drying racks, called withering racks, for 18 to 20 hours. During this process, the tea softens and becomes limp. Next, depending on the type of tea being produced, the leaves may be crushed or chopped to release flavor, and then fermented under controlled conditions o f heat and humidity. For green tea, the whole leaves are often steamed to retain their green color, and the fermentation process is skipped. Producing black teas requires fermentation during which the tea leaves begin to darken. After fermentation, black tea is dried in vats to produce its rich brown or black color. No one knows when or how tea became popular, but legend has it that tea as a beverage was discovered in 2737 B.C. by Emperor Shen Nung of China when leaves from a Camellia dropped into his drinking water as it was boiling over a fire. As the story goes, Emperor Shen Nung drank the resulting liquid and proclaimed the drink to be most nourishing and refreshing. Though this account cannot be documented, it is thought that tea drinking probably originated in China and spread to other parts of Asia, then to Europe, and ultimately to America colonies around 1650. 290
With about half the caffeine content as coffee, tea is often chosen by those who want to reduce, but not necessarily eliminate their caffeine intake. Some people find that tea is less acidic than coffee and therefore easier on the stomach. Others have become interested in tea drinking since the National Cancer Institute published its findings on the antioxidant properties o f tea. But whether tea is enjoyed for its perceived health benefits, its flavor, or as a social drink, teacups continue to be filled daily with the world’s most popular beverage. 1. Why does the author include statistics on the amount o f tea produced, sold, and consumed? A. To demonstrate tea’s popularity B. To show the expense o f processing such, a large quantity o f tea c . To explain why coffee is not the most popular beverage worldwide D. To impress the reader with factual sounding information 2. Based on the passage, what is implied about tea harvesting? A. The method has remained nearly the^ảarhe for a long time. B. It is totally done with the assistance of modem agricultural machinery, c . It is no longer done in China D. The method involves trimming the uppermost branches o f the plant. 1. What does the word “they” in paragraph 2 o f the passage refer to_____ ? A. new buds B. tropical regions h c . tea pickers Đ. evergreen plants 2. Which o f the following is NOT true about the tea production process? A. Black tea goes through two drying phases during production. ; B. Black tea develops its dark color during fermentation and final drying, c . Green tea requires a long fermentation process. D. Green tea is often steamed to keep its color 3. The word “docum ented” in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by which o f the following word? A. kept B. proved c . stored D. ignored 4. According to the passage, what is true about the origin o f tea drinking? A. It began during the Shen Nung dynasty B. It may have begun some time around 1650 c . It is unknown when tea first became popular. D. It was originally produced from Camillia plants in Europe. 5. The word “eliminate” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by which o f the following word? A. increase B. reduce c . decrease D. remove 6. According to the passage, which may be the reason why someone would choose to drink tea instead o f coffee? . . A. Because it’s easier to digest than coffee B. Because it has a higher nutritional content than 0offee 291
c . Because it helps prevent cancer D. Because it has more caffeine than coffee 7. Where in the passage does the author mention research conducted on the beneficial effects o f tea drinking? A. In paragraph 4 B. In paragraph 2 c . In paragraph 1 D. In paragraph 5 8. What best describes the topic o f this passage? A. The two most popular types of tea B. How tea is produced and brewed c . The benefits of tea consumption worldwide D. Tea consumption and production Câu hỏi 4: GUIDED CLOZE PASSAGE A Choose the word that best fits each of the blanks in the following passage. WIKIPEDIA The online encyclopaedia Wikipedia challenges our preconceptions about factual information. , Before Wikipedia, it was (1) ______ as read that encyclopaedias were written by paid experts. In other (2)______ before Wikipedia, the ‘reader’ of an encyclopaedia had no control over the content. Wikipedia has changed all that, as anyone is allowed to edit and add content. The idea has certainly (3)______ on and, for millions of people, Wikipedia (4)____ a vital need. Wikipedia’s founders (5)______that, on the whole, the information on the site is no less accurate than more traditional encyclopaedias. Despite this, critics have (6)_____the site for its inaccuracies. Articles on the site have certainly (7)_____ things which are not in fact true. However, although these have received wide media (8) , they essentially (9)_______ the problem. Most people have little (10)_____ _ how many inaccuracies there are in traditional printed encyclopaedias too. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 292
A. given A.speech A. got A .says A. insist A. pronounced A. assented A. treatment A. exaggerate A. gist
B. taken B. ways B. put B. responds B. assist B. renounced B. assigned B. coverage B. boast B. hint
c. made c. words 7 c.taken G. tells c . consist c. denounced c. asserted c. handling c. flatter c . hunch
D. put D. terms D. caught D. answers D. desist D.announced D. associated D. usage D. extend D. inkling
r ; ' •
■
g u id e d c l o z e
PASSAGE B The money that some professional sportsmen earn shouldn't impress anyone when you take into consideration the fact that only a few o f them manage to (1)_______immortality and everlasting fame. And once they reach their prime and (2) ._____ their talent at their best, they are fully conscious that their brilliant careers won't last for ever. They live under a constant pressure of being (3) ______ and subsequently replaced by someone who is younger, faster and more accomplished. For that reason, objectives/ like retirement benefits and pensions are of great concern to all professional athletes. Some o f the retired competitors go as far as to organize strikes and rallies to (4V their protest against any policy unresponsive to their demands (5)_________ the younger professionals seẹk more upgrading solutions to the problem as more and more of them attach a proper significance to receiving a solid education, even at university (6)_____ Such an approach should help them find interesting and well-paid jobs once their sports career is over. A completely new strategy has been',(7)_________ by the schools priding themselves (8)___________ supporting their own teams. Their authorities insist that the sports clubs members achieve high academic standards or else they are debarred ( 9 ) ___________ _ partaking in certain sports events, which may lead to further disruption in their professional careers. 7 By these practical and most effective (10)_______combining education with sports activity, the image of the professional athlete as being brainless and unintelligent may eventually be changing to the sportsmen's benefit. A. obtain c. attain D.succeed 1. B. fulfill c. keep D. display, 2. A. do B. show D. outgrown A. outcast B. outshone G. outstayed 3. D.speak 4. A. voice B. claim c. insist c . whereupon A. whereby B. whereas D. wherein 5. A. degree c. standard D. level 6. B. grade A. assembled B. installed c. devised D. emerged 7. D. in A. with c. for 8. B/on D. by B. into c. off 9. A. from D. means A. grounds B. results G. factors 10. Câu hỏi 5: OPEN CLOZE PASSAGE A Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one suitable word KRAKATOA Volcanic eruption has been a constant threat to our natural environment for millions o f years, but seldom in recent times (1)_________ a volcano erupted with the ferocity of Krakatoa. 293
Krakatoa, (2 )_________ is a volcanic island group in Indonesia, erupted on 27th August 1883. Not only was the explosion (3)_______ loud that it was heard as far away (more than 3,000 km) as Perth in Australia, (4)______ it is also recognized as (5)______ the loudest sound (6)______ recorded. Tens of thousands of people in the region were killed, many (7)______ in the enormous tsunamis which the eruption produced - tsunamis which eventually reached South Africa and the English Channel. The explosion also had a major effect on the (8)__________ world’s weather system. The volcanic dust in the atmosphere reduced the (9)_______ of sunlight reaching the earth’s surface, reducing global temperatures by more than one degree centigrade. Only after five years had passed (10)_______ global temperatures begin to normal. PASSAGE B One of the hazards that electronic media like the television, radio or computers (1 )______ these days is the decline in book reading. The concern ( 2 ) _____ mainly to the younger generations who are strongly tempted by the glamour of the silver screen and, consequently, don’t recognize the importance o f acquiring first-hand information from books. To encourage reading for pleasure and to propagate a while array of publications like encyclopedias, reference books, manuals or fiction, radical (3)______ should be applied. Firstly, more ( 4 ) _______ ought to be put on the educational (5) _____ . Youngsters should be made to feel comfortable while reading either for information or self-satisfaction in public places like airports, buses or on the beach. Secondly, libraries must be subsidized more accurately in order to provide the potential reader with (6 )_________ choice of publications and to become more publically active so as to put books at people’s (7 )_______ rather than keep them under lock and key. Fund collecting actions organized by libraries might also (8) ______ the public awareness of the advantages of becoming engrossed in a good book. Finally, the mass media themselves might contribute considerably (9)______ recommending of purchase or valuable best-sellers and inspiring their viewers to enrich their knowledge and erudition, and thus help them to (1 0 )__________ the habit o f spontaneous everyday reading. Câu hỏi 6: WORD FORMATION TASK 1 1. Behavior o f this kind is ._________ to the Crown and should be accounted for as quickly as possible. (CREDIT) 2. A _____ amount o f expensive building materials have been donated for the construction of the health center. (SUBSTANCE) 294
3. In Canada, 26 % of the federal________are women; with one-third of judges at provincial level. (JUDGE) 4. The fear of injury is alw ays_________ in an athletes mind at this late stage. (UP) 5. They are calling for the release of the hostages o n _______ grounds. (HUMAN) 6. Nothing is known about h er_______ and background. (PARENT) 7. There is no evidence to suggest that disease is eith er________ or infectious. (INHERIT) / 8. She was given th e ________ task of informing the losers. (ENVY) 9. The boy’s ______ behavior was the primary reason for which he was expelled from school. (OBJECT) 10.Despite the im m ense_____ _ of a grateful nation, miller has slumped into struggle and despair. (GOOD) TASK 2 probable wild
seem mystery
ecology live''''’ *'
mount favor
assess threat
LIFE IN EXTREME CONDITIONS Until relatively recently, it was thought that extreme heat and cold presented (1) ____problems to (2)_______ organisms and that all life existed in a narrow range of (3)______ temperatures. However, the discovery of extremophiles has forced a (4) of that view. Extremophiles are bacteria that survive, and even thrive, in (5)___ impossible conditions. (6)_____as it may seem, some exist at temperatures exceeding 80°c in geysers and hot springs, while others live in the freezing conditions of the Antarctic (7)______ . While most species o f larger animals are (8)_____ by global warming, even to the point of extinction, that kind of (9):____ change may actually benefit the extremophiles. These (10)_____ organisms may survive long after the human race. Câu hỏi 7: ERROR IDENTIFICATION Identify 10 errors in the following passage and correct them. Beds play an important role on allowing a person to get a good night sleep. Many different types of beds in the market today provide with a source of comfort that is tailored to individual needs. Most of them are soft enough to ensure that the bed follows the contours of a person’s body, yet allowing a person to feel comfortable when he is tossing and turning in bed. There are mattresses filled with different types o f materials and sewn with different types o f clothes. The need to 295
farther improve the quality o f mattresses shows the importance o f the bed as a piece o f furniture in a home. Whether it is reclining, sleep or even have a meal people seek to buy the most comfortable beds for them. A latex foam bed is one such bed. Latex is obtained from the rubber tree and it solidifies quickly and becomes rubbery and elastic. These rubber particles are suspended by soap in water and the liquid will then whip into foam and poured into a mould. Hundreds of heated pins pierce the mould to create air chambers for natural ventilation. The core o f this mixture is then rinsed, washed and squeezed until it is damp; The dampness is removed by a hot air oven and further frozen to cool it. Latex foam mattresses therefore have a like-spring resilience that not only follows the contours of a person body when he is asleep but is also able to revert to the original shape not taking on the body impression o f anyone. Câu hỏi 8: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 1. The direct aim of the statement is to make the public aware of the present situation. (BOILS), ___________________ . ________________________________________ _ 2. I can’t cope with my new job, and that bothers me. (DEPTH) -> I wish 3. My parents are furious with me for getting a tattoo and so have grounded me. (ARMS) -» My parents, _______________ __________ _ ______________________ 4. The accusation was that the Prime Minister made his statement less powerful because of public opinion. (WATERING) —>________________________________ ._______________________ ______ 5. Although Rudy really didn’t want to play cricket on Sunday, he agreed in the end. (DEAD) 6. 7. 8. 9.
-» Despite____________________________________________________ • We would always take great care when flying at night. (WITS) —>We always_________________________________________ ____________ It’s only with his last novel that he’s attained any notice in the literary world. -> Until th e_______________________________ ______ ■ The accident wasn’t her fault because her car was stationary at the time. > Her car not _______________ _____________ ________________ it. This supermarket sells products at prices suitable for people from all walks of life.
—> People from any ________________________________________________ 10. By some it is supposed that bad luck may be avoided by knocking on wood. -» That knocking_______________________________ _____________ ______ 296
F ị- :
PRACTICE 21 I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the other words. D. provide c . product B. procedure Câu 1: A. production D. image c . cancel B. language Gâu 2: A. contract D. backed c . markedly B. crooked Câu 3: A. naked D. disease c . inviảible B. design Câu 4: A. decision D. rough c . tough B. plough Câu 5: A. enough n. Choose the word that has stress pattern different from that of the other won
Câu Câu Câu Cau Câu
6: A. European 7: A. particular 8: A. diamond 9: A. temperature 10: A. ancestor
B. B. B. B. B.
minority accidental dynasty reminiscent / compressor '
CỊ. providence c . analysis c . diagonal c . portable c . transistor
D. D. D. D. D.
monument outnumber diagram marvelous equator
III. Choose the best answer. Câu 11: A: Which one do you like? B: I like _ _ _ _ _ one o f the two. A. the bigger B. biggest c . bigger D. the biggest Câu 12: Robert and his wife _________ to my house for tea yesterday evening. A. came about B. came down c . came round D. came away Câu 13: Each of the guests _________ a bunch o f flowers. A. is given B. are given c . give D. were given Câu 14: To everyone’s surprise, Mr. Brown turned up at the Trade Union meeting. A. disappeared B. left c . came D. appeared Câu 15: Everyone burst out laughing. There was a lot o f _________ . A. laughings B. laugh c . laughter D. laughs Câu 16: I notice the lorry ■ down the hill. A. having come B. coming c . to come D. came Câu 17: Among various T-shirts, I think the blue one_____ _ your jeans best. A. suits B. matches c . goes with D. fits Câu 18: They left the restaurant,_________two hours over lunch. A. spending B. having spent c . after spend D. spent Câu 19: The English_______ many traditional customs. A. will have B. have c . has had D. has Câu 20: N ev er_________ so much protest against pollution. It won't be long before we have a better environment. A. it has been B. has it been c . there has been D. has there been Câu 21: The doctor told him to k eep _____ sweets and chocolate to lose weight. A. off B. up c . at D. back 297
Câu 22: Nobody seems to b e ____________________ control of those children. A. over B. in c . under D. with Câu 23: You know I will always stand__________ you if you are in trouble. A. with B. by c . up D. for Câu 24: Mrs. Brown: Taxi! Taxi! Taxi driver:______ A. Where to, madam? B. I am waiting for you, madam, c . What's the matter, madam? D. No problem Câu 25: Not one o f the students__________ the answer to that difficult problem. A. is knowing B. has known c . knows D. know Câu 26: One problem for teacher is that each student has his/ her ow n__ _ needs. A. distinctive B. divided c . individual D. separate in the book I was reading and didn’t hear the phone. Câu 27: I w as_______ A. distracted B. submerged c . engrossed D. gripped Cầu 28: If we hurry, we might get there ________ to catch the early train. A. on time " B. in time c . right D. before time Câu 29: To get a passport, you must send in your birth________ and two photos. A. paper B. card c . license D. certificate Câu 30: She tries to s e t _____ _ an hour a week for practice. A. down B. in c . aside D. about Câu 31: Bill: It's time for me to say goodbye now. Bull: B ye.______ A. Take care! B. Long time no see. c . It's a shame! D. That's right. Câu 32: Jill: Thanks for helping me to overcome the difficulty. Jack: _________ A. No worries! B. Needless to say.c. Me too! D. Why don't? Câu 33: The villagers had to work hard in the fields all day and could hardly _________ ends meet. A. make B. let c . work D. do Câu 34: A computer i s _______ of doing almost anything you ask it to. A. incapable B. able c . possible D. capable Câu 35: Harry is a sailor. He spends most of his life at L______ sea. A. the B. a c . an D. No article Câu 36: After the funeral, the residents o f the apartment building ■ A. sent to the cemetery each week flowers faithfully. B. sent faithfully flowers all week to the cemetery, c . sent flowers faithfully to the cemetery each week. D. sent each week faithfully to the cemetery flowers. Câu 37: Because the first pair o f pants did not fit properly, he asked fo r________ . A. others pants B. the others ones c. another pair D. another pants 298
Câu 38: The committee has met an d _________ . A. its decision was reached at B. it has reached a decision c . it has formulated themselves some opinions D. they have reached a decision Câu 39: Alfred Adams has not _________. A. before lived without the company o f his friends. B. never before lived sole c . ever lived alone before D. lived lonelinessly in time previous Câu 40: John’s score on the test is the highest in the class;_________ . A. he should study last night B, he must have studied last night c . he should have studied last night D. he must study last night ỊV. Choose the word that best fits each qf the blanks in the following passage. GREEK THEATRES The word theatre comes from Greek and literally means seeing place. The theatre has been popular in ancient times. People did not go to the theatre simply to see an interesting _________ (41) for the plays fomjed part of religious festivals. ________(42) early Greek theatres consisted of no more than a flat space with an altar at the foot of a hillside. ______ (43) that time, there were n o __________ (44) as there are in modem theatres, so th e _____ __ (45) stood or sat on the slopes of the hillside. Gradually, special theatres were made by building large stone or wooden steps o n e _________ (46) another up the hillside. In later times, ạ hut was built at the Far side o f the acting area where it formed a background for the actors ' (47) the parts of the different characters. Eventually, a _________ (48) platform was built so that the actors could be seen more clearly. This was the first appearance of anything • (49) our modem stage. As well as these permanent theatres, there were simple wooden stages _ _ _ _ _ _ (50) around by actors wandering frorp one place to another. There was also a hut with curtains that served both as background scenery and as a dressing room. Câu 41: A.scenery B. stage c. performance Đ. scejne Câu 42: A. Whole c. All D. Full B. Complete Câu 43: A. At B. For D. In c. On Câu 44: A. chairs B. stools D. seats c. benches Câu 45: A. players B. viewers c. watchers D. audiences Câu 46: A. behind B. between c. among D. around Câu 47: A. doing Et. being c. making D. playing Câu 48: A. pulled B. lifted c. moved D. raised Câu 49: A. as B. similar c. like D.equal Câu 50: A. fetched B. carried c. held \ D. brought 299
V. Read the following passage and choose the best answer. 1. All mammals feed their young. Beluga whale mothers, for example,nurse their calves for about twenty months, until they are about to give birth again and their young are able to find their own food. The behavior of feeding of the young is built into the reproductive system. It is a nonselective part OÍ parental care and the defining feature of a mammal, the (5) most important thing that mammals- whether marsupials, platypuses, spiny anteaters, or placental mammals -- have in common. But not all animal parents, even those that tend their offspring to the point of hatching or birth, feed their young. Most egg-guarding fish do not, for the simple reason that their young are so much smaller than the parents and eat food that is also much smaller than (10) the food eaten by adults. In reptiles, the crocodile mother protects her young after they have hatched and takes them down to the water, where they will find food, but she does not actually feed them. Few insects feed their young after hatching, but some make other arrangement, provisioning their cells and nests with caterpillars and spiders that they have paralyzed with their,venom and stored in a state of suspended animation so thattheir (15) larvae might have a supply of fresh food when they hatch.
For animals other than mammals, then, feeding is not intrinsic to parental care. Animals add it to their reproductive strategies to give them an edge in their lifelong quest for descendants. The most vulnerable moment in any animal's life is when it first finds itself completely on its own, when it must forage and fend for itself. Feeding postpones that (20) moment until a young animal has grown to such a size that Vi is better able to còpe. Young
that are fed by their parents become nutritionally independent at a much greater fraction of their full adult size. And in the meantime those young are shielded against the vagaries of fluctuating of difficult-to-find supplies. Once a species does take the step of feeding its young, the young become totally dependent on the extra effort. If both parents are (25) removed, the young generally do no survive.
Câu 51: What does the passage mainly discuss? . A. The methods that mammals use to nurse their young. B. The importance among young mammals o f becoming independent. c . The difficulties young animals face in obtaining food. D. The care that various animals give to their offspring Câu 52: The author lists various animals in line 5 to _________ . A. describe the process by which mammals came to be defined B. explain why a particular feature of mammals is nonselective c . contrast the feeding habits o f different types of mammals D. emphasize the point that every type of mammal feeds its own young Câu 53: The word "tend' in line 7 is closest in meaning to_________ . A. care for B. move c . notice D. sit on 300
Câu 54: What can be inferred from the passage about the practice of animal parents feeding their young? A. It is dangerous for the parents. B. It is unrelated to the size of the young, c . It is unknown among fish. D. It is most common among mammals. Câu 55: The word "provisioning" in line 13 is closest in meaning to A. supplying B. expanding c . preparing D. building Câu 56: According to the passage,'how do some insects make sure their young have food? A. By searching for food some distance from their nest. B. By storing food near their young. c . By gathering food from a nearby water source. , D. By locating their nests or cells near spiders and caterpillars. Câu 57: The word "edge" in line 17 is closest in meaning to A. opportunity B. advantage c . purpose D. rest Câu 58: The word "it" in line 20 refers to A. moment B. young animal c . feeding D. size Câu 59: According to the passage, animal young are most defenseless when A, they first become independent B. their parents have many young to feed c . they are only a few days old D. their parents are away searching for food Câu 60: The word "shielded' in line 22 is closest in meaning to A. raised B. valued c . hatched D. protected I left school at fifteen. I was an academically bright lad who was urged by some of his teachers not to leave, but I wanted out, to see life, and I didn’t want to reach beyond the expectation of the friends who left school with me. I worked for a year in a laundry, as a van-boy delivering dry cleaning. On turning sixteen I applied to be, and eventually began working as, a trainee heating engineer with a medium-sized company in East Belfast. The first months were boring. The work was not demanding but I found the environment of the factory annoying. I remember my first week. I left the factory to meet up with a friend and I realized that I had forgotten to collect my wages. My friend thought I was an idiot. After many months working in the factory, I was sent off to college to study for my Certificate in Heating Engineering. I found the classroom routine unpleasant and I remember feeling a sense of limitation. Five years of this- to end up as a heating engineer and continue with that for the foreseeable future was not an exciting thought. \ 301
Although I had left school against the advice of my teachers I had, without telling anyone, tried to continue my studies in literature at evening classes. It was a boring walk from one end o f the city to another and to sit amongst adults was confusing. I was the youngest in the class, so the companionship I knew at school was absent. I put up with it for a short period. It was too long a walk on cold winter’s nights and it was hard to concentrate on Shakespeare with wet shoes and soaking trousers. So I carried on reading books and started writing poetry at home. By chance, I won some prizes and literary awards in national competitions. A young woman from a TV company came to the college one day. She told me in the quiet o f the corridor that I had won a national poetry award. I stared at her in astonishment and disbelief. She wanted to make a short film about me, to which I said: ‘No, I couldn’t do that.’ Not that 1 had any real excuse. I was just frightened. She eventually persuaded me that I should do it the following day. Câu 61: One reason why the writer left school at the age of fifteen was that he_________ A. thought he would get a good job. B. didn’t get on well with his teachers, c . had no other choice. D. didn’t want to be different from his friends. Câu 62: What did the writer feel while he was training to be a heating engineer? A. He was capable o f doing something better. B. He preferred the college to the factory, c . He didn’t receive enough money. D. He might fail to qualify as a heating engineer. Câu 63: What did the writer find when he attended the evening classes? A. The behavior of the other students annoyed him. B. He learned more when he studied at home. c . The studies were less interesting than he expected. D. He was out of place among the other students. Câu 64: What does “it” in ‘I put up with it for a short period.’ refer to ? A. the evening class B. the walk c . literature D. companionship Câu 65: Why at first did the writer refuse to appear in the film? A. He thought someone else should be in it. B. He wanted more time to think about it. c . He felt he didn’t deserve it. D. He was taken by surprise. 302
I; Fill in each blank with one suitable word to complete this passage. (10 points) Maybe you recycle cans, glass, and paper. Do you know that nature recycles, too ? One o f the things nature (1 )_______ is water. Water goes from oceans, lakes, and rivers into the air. Water falls from the air as (2 )_______ or snow. Rain and snow eventually find their way back to the oceans. Nature’s recycling program for water is (3 )_______ the water cycle. The water cycle has four stages: storage, evaporation, precipitation, and runoff. Water on Earth gets stored (4) _ _ _ _ _ oceans,, lakes, rivers, ice, and even underground. Water goes from storage into the atmosphere by a process called evaporation. When water evaporates, it changes from a liquid ( 5 ) _______ a gas, called water vapor. Water vapor goes up into ( 6 ) _______ atmosphere. Water returns to the Earth as precipitation in rain or snow by changing into drops of water ( 7 )_______ the air gets cold enough. Clouds are collections ( 8 ) ________water droplets. Most precipitation falls into the oceans and goes right back into storage. Water that falls on land always flows from ( 9 ) _______ places to lower ones. This flow is called runoff. Water from íạnd' flows into streams. Streams join together to make (10) • and eventually the water flows into storage in the oceans. Then the water cycle starts all over again. ADVICE TO YOUNG PEOPLE ABOUT TO START WORK In these days o f high unemployment, it is often difficult (1) young people to find a job. If they are lucky ( 2 ) __________ to be asked to go for an interview, they may find ( 3 ) ________ __ there are at least 20 other applicants for the ( 4 ) __________ . If a company is thinking o f offering ( 5 ) __________ a job, they will ask you for at least one reference from either your previous employer (6) __________ someone who knows you well. ( 7 ) ___________ taking up your job, you may have to sign a contract. You will probably have to do some training, (8) ,__________ help you to do the job more successfully. Once you have decided that this is your chosen career, you will then have to work ( 9 ) _______ _ to try and get promotion, which usually brings more responsibility and more money! If you are unlucky, you may be made redundant, and not be able to find (10) - . , job. It is also a good idea to pay some money into a pension scheme, which will help you to look after yourself and your family when you are retired. Finally, good luck! Give the correct form of the verbs to complete the passage. (10 points) 1. In some areas water has to be boiled t o ________ it. (pure) 2. He examined the parcel_______ , as he had no idea what it could be. (suspect) 3. How do yo u _____ _ the real painting from the faké one ? (different) 4. Don’t worry about the volcano. It’s been ' for years, (act) 5. Leisure habits won’t change much in th e __________ future, (see) 303
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
The conditions in the man’s prison w ere________ . (human) I object strongly to th e ________ of sport, (commerce) A list o f ________ events for the autumn is being prepared, (come) Most people who work feel that they are ________ . (pay) They frequently ________ the traffic as they march through the streets. (mobile)
Give the correct form of the verbs to complete the passage. (10 points) Ask any adult over forty to make a (11)_______ between the past Compare and the present and most will tell you that things have been getting steadily worse for as long as they can remember. Take the weather for example, Everyone remembers that in their (12) _______ the Young summers were considerably hotter, and that winter always included (13) •' falls o f snow just when the school holidays had started. Abound Of course, the food in those days was far superior too, as nothing was imported and everything was fresh. (14) _ _ _ _ _ was negligible, the Employ money in your pocket really was worth something, and you could buy a (1 5 ) _______ house even if your means were limited. And Size above all, people were somehow nicer in those days, and spent their free tim e on innocent ( 1 6 ) ________ making model boats and tending their stamp ( 1 7 ) _______ _ rather than gazing at the television screen
Pursue c 0 |Ịect
for hours on end. As we know, this figure of the past simply cannot be true, and there are plenty of statistics dealing with heath and (18)_which prove that it is not true. So, why is it that we all Prosper have a (19)_____ _ to idealize the past and to be so (20)_______ o f Tend the presents? Critisize There are ten mistakes in the text. Identify each mistake, write it give your correction. (10 points) As far back as 700 B.c, man has talked about children to be cared for by wolves. Romulus and Remus, the legend twin founders of Rome, were purported to have been cared for by wolves. It is believed that why a shewolf loses her litter, she seeks a human child to take its place. This seeming preposterous idea did not become credible until the late nineteenth century when a French doctor actually had found a naked ten-year-old boy wandering in the woods. He did not walk erect, could not speak intelligibly, or could lie relate to people. He only growled and stared of them. Finally the doctor won the boy's confidence and began to work with them. After many long years o f devoted and patient instruction, the doctor was able to have the boy to clothe and feed himself, recognize and utter ạ number of word, as well as write letters and form words. 304
down and 1. ____ 2. ____ 3 4 5 g y g ” --------------- -
I I I I I
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IV. W RITING Question 1: Finish each o f the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence printed before it. (5p.) Example: We expect he will arrive by nine o’clock He is_____________________________ Answer: He is expected toarrive by nine o’clock 1. The journalists only heard about the changes to the wedding plans when they arrived at the venue. / It was only_________________ .___________________________________ __ 2. We only came to this restaurant because you insisted that we did so. It was a t _____ _____________________________________________________ 3. Arguing with her won’t get you anywhere.* It won’t d o ________ ________________________________________________ 4. The thief must have comein through the window. The thief alm ost__________________' _______________ _________ 5. What put me off the idea was simply how expensive it was going to be. The sheer______________ ________________ ___________________________ Question 2. For each o f the sentence below, write a new sentence as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence but using the word given. This word must not be altered in any way. Example: We couldn't find the cat anywhere. (NOWHERE) 14 Answer: The cat was nowhere to be found. 1. She is determined to become a doctor. (HEART) 2. She just pretended to welcome him,then quickly left the waiting room. (MOTIONS) / 3. The success of the venture cannot be guaranteed. (SUCCEED) 4. We simply must pay them the whole amount before the end o f the month. (ALTERNATIVE) 5. Ours is the only company allowed to import these chemicals. (MONOPOLY)
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PRACTICE 22 I. M ULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: Câu hỏi 1: Phonology (5 điểm) A. Identify the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that o f the other words in the group. 1. A. charade B. cherish c . chalet D. chamois 2. A. pays B. plays c . says D. stays 3. A. food B. tooth c . noon D. good 4. A. wicked Ẹ. picked c . licked D. ticked 5. A. bath B. thaw c . clothier D. bathymetry B. Identify the word whose stressed pattern is different from that of the other words in the group. 6. A. archaeological B. ethnographic , c . dialectology D. bureaucratic 7. A. panorama B. amazement c . experience D. embarrassed 8. A. pharmaceutical B. engineer c. superstitious D. reliability 9. A. advertise B. dividend c . majestic D. impetus 10.A. fiancee B. cinerarium c . pneumonia D. lieutenant Câu 2: WORD CHOICE 1. If you go on ......................... me like this, I will never be able to finish writing my report. A. disturbing B. afflicting c . concerning D. affecting 2. Turn off this machine, please. This harsh sound really..............me crazy. A. takes B. worries c. drives D. bothers 3. The school h a s ................a system bf monthly tests in place o f an annual exam. A. agreed B. adopted G. collected D. taken 4. The week of exams left Miranda exhausted, and she’s still rather....... A. low down B. full of beans c . in worse condition D. under the weather 5. Children can be difficult to teach because of their short attention ......................... A. limit B. duration c . span D. time 6. As he was walking past the building site, he got a tin y ....... o f dust in his eyes. A. piece B. speck c . string ' D. bar 7. When the two teams ran into the football............ . the crowd cheered. A. Pitch B. stadium c . arena D. court 8. He completely .......with what I said. A. Admitted B. argued c . accepted D. agreed 9. The ship’s captain and members of th e .......welcomed us on board. A. cast B. staff c . crew D. team 10. He’s a very informal priest. He rarely wears a ......................... A. dog-collar B. wolf-whistles c. puppy fat D. bookworm 306
Câu 3: STRUCTURE AND GRAMMAR: 1. It looked dark and heavy........... it was going to rain. A. although B. unless c . as if D. whereas 2..............begin their existence as rice crystals over most of the earth seems likely. A. Raindrops B. If raindrops c . That raindrops D. What if raindrops 3. in order to grow vegetables properly, gardeners must know............ A. what the requirements for each vegetable are / B. that the requirements for each,vegetable I c . what are each vegetable’s requirements D. that is required by each vegetable 4. Steamboats did not replace sailing vessels on the high seas............latèr in 1860s. A. until B. although c . because D. unless 5. The stomach o f a cow, ............ that of other ruminants, is divided into four compartments. ' A. likely B. similar ' c . same D. like 6. The art o f landscape architecture is........... that of architecture itself. A. almost as old as B. as almost old c . old as almost D. almost as old than 7. Sleeping, resting and............are the best ways to care for a cold. A. to drink fluids B. drinking fluids c . one drink fluids D. drank fluids 8. We have purchased a new............ of equipment to stimulate condition in outer space. :V A. slice B. piece c . clap D. gust 9. The writer took............ o f his inspiration from nature. A. any B. many c . much D. numbers 10............... antibiotics are antibacterial agents, but some are effective against fungal, protozoan, or yeast infections. A. Almost B. Littlè c . Any D. Most Câu 4: PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS: Preposition 1. Table salt is composed ..... ......... two elements, sodium and chlorine. ; A. to B. around c . of D. for 2 . .. .............the whole, I enjoyed the movie. A. on B. In c . At D. Up 3. W ill this office be adequate...............................your company's need ? A. 011 B. for c . to D. with ,4. My brother was married ..... ......... ..one o f the most famous actresses. A. to B. with c . up \ I D. about 307
5. Jazz was so popular............ the 1920s that the decade is sometimes called the Jazz Age. A. on B. with c. at D. in P hrasal verbs: I (1)________ an old friend by accident the other day! I was going to (2)________ my son from school when suddenly my car broke down. I called up my husband on my cell phone. While I was waiting for him show up, a truck crashed into my car. The driver (3)________ the truck to check out the damage. It was my friend Patrick. I hadn’t seen him since I (4)________ college. Fortunately, nobody was hurt. We (5)________and it was nice to caught up on the information about other friends while we were waiting for my husband and the tow truck.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
A. came round A. pick on A. got away with. A. gave up A. talked into
B. came over B. pick up B. went away B. dropped off B. chatted away
c. c. c. c. c.
came across drop in on went out dropped by spoke up
D. came up D. take out D. got out of D. gave off D. fell for
Câu 5: READING COMPREHENSION READING 1: Scientists believe that something very serious is happening to the Earth. It is becoming warmer. Scientists predict that there will be major changes in the climate during 21st century. Coastal waters will have higher temperatures. This will have a serious effect on agriculture. Farmers will have trouble producing good crops. In warm regions, the weather will be too dry. The amount of water could decrease by 50 per cent. This would cause a large decrease in agricultural production. World temperatures could increase from 1.5 to 5.6 degrees Celsius by the middle o f the 21st century. And the increase in temperature could be even greater in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. A rise in temperature could cause the great ice sheets to melt, which, in turn would raise the level of oceans by one to two meters. Many coastal cities would be underwater. Why is all this happening? The Earth and its atmosphere are kept warm by the Sun. the atmosphere lets most of the light from the Sun pas through to warm the Earth. The Earth is warmer by the sunlight and sends heat energy back into the atmosphere. Much of this energy escapes from the Earth’s atmosphere. However, some o f it remains. Gases such as carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor absorb this energy and create more heat. Then, this heat is sent back down to Earth, and the Earth becomes warmer. Recently, however, an increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is causing serious problems. Too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere prevents heat energy from escaping. Too much heat is sent back down to the Earth. And the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere continues to increase. When oil, gas, and coal 308
burn, they create large amounts of carbon dioxide. The destruction of rain forest that absorb carbon dioxide also so help to increase the amount o f carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. Some scientists believe that the amount of carbon dioxide in the air will double by the late 2000s. Scientists call this warming o f the Earth and its atmosphere the greenhouse effect”. A greenhouse, made of glass and plastic, is a special place where plants are grown. The sunlight passes through the glass or plastic and warms the air inside. The heat inside escape very slowly, so the greenhouse remains very warm. This is exactly what is happening on the Earth. Another reason why the Earth is growing warmer is because of the amount of ozone in our atmosphere. Ozone is a form of oxygen. In the upper atmosphere, very far from the Earth, a layer o f ozone helps to protect the Earth from 95 percent of the harmful light that come from the sun. if your skin receives too much o f this light, you would develop skin cancer. We need the ozone layer to protect ourselves. But the ozone layer is in trouble. Scientists have observed that the ozone layer is becoming tin, and above Antarctica there ,is a hole. This allows too much o f the sun’s dangerous light into our atmosphere and makes the Earth warmer. Scientists say we must start making changes and planning now. We need to continue to do research, so we can predict what will happen in the future. We must burn less coal, oil, and gas. Other scientists believe that the problem is not so serious. They think that the Earth is growing warmer naturally, that we don’t need to worry about it now, and that we should just get ready for life in the warmer climate. Most scientists agree that the causes of the world’s climate are very complicated. They say that we must continue to measure the amount of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere. Scientists also encourage people to learn' about the changes that are occurring in the world and how we can all help protect our atmosphere. 1. Which o f the following will be one of the consequences of a warmer earth? A. Crops will be poor unless they are grown in the green house. B. The amount o f water will fee decreased by half.
c. Farmer will get into trouble because of the heat. D. There will be no winter on earth. 2. A rise in temperature will be more remarkable.................... A. in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. B. in the coastal cities. c. by the year 2050
D. under the great ice sheets. 3. The melting of the polar ice sheets will probably lead t o ................. A. a rise in global temperature. B. the extinction of many polar animals 309
4.
5.
6.
7.
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c . a flooding o f many coastal cities. D. a serve winter all over the world. The Earth wouldn’t become wanner i f .............. A. the heat energy didn’t escape from the earth’s atmosphere. B. sunlight didn’t pass through the atmosphere c . the earth didn’t send heat energy back into the atmosphere D. carbon dioxide, ozone and water vapor didn’t retain the heat energy When the rainforests are destroyed............... A. people have to burn coal, oil, gas instead of wood for fuel. B. heat energy fails to escape from the atmosphere c . there is nothing to absorb carbon dioxide. D. serious problems are caused for the scientists. It is obvious that................ A. greenhouses are responsible for the Warming of the earth. B. what is happening on the earth is comparable to what happens in a . greenhouse. c . greenhouses should be banned to prevent the warming of the earth D. things wouldn’t be so bad if greenhouses were not made o f glass or plastic. How useful of the ozone layer? A. It protects the earth from the harmful radiation from the sun. B. It absorbs much of the carbon dioxide. c . It sends the extra heat energy back into space and thus keeps the earth cool. D. It helps treat skin cancer. The two factors that directly cause the greenhouse effects are....... ....... A. the destruction of rain forests and the melting of the polar ice. B. the burning o f fossil fuels and the changes of the climate. c . the increase o f carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the decrease of the ozone layer. D. the ignorance o f greenhouse owners and the development of skin cancer.
9.
There seems to b e ............... ! A. a solution to the problem by the middle of the 21th century. B. no need to worry about fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas. c . other undiscovered causes o f the greenhouse effects. D. some disagreement among the scientists as to the danger o f the greenhouse effect.
10. Which is the best title for the passage? A. The global warming. c . The heat energy 310
B. The greenhouse effect. D. The change of climate in the polar.
READING 2: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable option fro m A, B, c or D to answer the questions or to fi ll the gaps. Before photography was invented in 1839, painted portraits, and engravings based on them, were one o f the few ways to record likenesses. From the Colonial era through the 1820s, portraiture was the most widely practiced genre of American art, and it continued to be a significant form through the 19th century. The demand for likenesses was incessant, and portraiture was often the primary source of income for artists. Artists frequently made portraits o f famous people to attract interest and potential patrons. For example, in 1834 Chester Harding painted frontiersman Davy Crockett, then a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, for display in his Boston gallery. A consistent belief through most of the 18th and 19th centuries was that character could be read from a person's face, or the bumps on his or her head, or from facial expression, and that portrait should conỵẹy .these indicators of character. These theories of physiognomy and phrenology have since been debunked, but they were important considerations in depicting the nation's leaders, sincesuch portraits were often made for posterity. Most people had only one portrait painted in their lifetime, if at all, so artists were selected with great care, and expectations were high. Before the 1840s, American portraiture was influenced primarily by English techniques, poses, compositions and gestures, and many artists received at least part of their training in England. Even canvas sizes followed the British example. Portraits made on commission were priced according to canvas size and the materials and labor involved. In the late 19th centuiy as European portraitists began traveling to the United States to acquire commissions from the growing upper class, American artists increasingly felt they needed to train abroad in order to succeed at home. Paris continued to be the main lure as painters such as Eakins, Whistler, Beaux and Sargent went to study there. Some of America's best-known portraitists, in fact, became expatriates. 1. What does the passage mainly discussed? A. art in 19th century America B. portraiture in 19th centuiy America c . the early years of photography D. the influence of other countries on American art 2. Which o f the following statements best represents the meaning o f the first sentence (lines 1 and 2) before photography was invented in 1839? A. painted portraits and engravings were veiy lifelike. B. there was no accurate way to record a likeness before photography was invented.
311
c . there were not many ways other than painted portraits and engravings if you wanted to record what somebody looked like. D. engravings were based on portraits and not as lifelike 3. Why does the author mention Davy Crocket in paragraph 1? A. as an example of an artist using a famous person to gain attention to his work B. because Crocket was also a famous artist c . as an example of the types of people who could afford to pay for their portrait to be painted D. because gallery owners often had famous people as patrons 4. In paragraph 2, what did people lookfo r in a good portrait? A. clear facial expressions B. an accurate likeness c . indicators o f character D. every detail, including bumps on the head 5. Physiognomy and phrenology are theories______ A. that are nó longer as popular B. that were used to enable people to select artists with the best characteristics in their appearance c . that meant people usually only needed one portrait D. that were used to try to get the closet likeness possible 6. In line 18, the word poses is closest in meaning to . A. stance B. height c . weight D. manner 7. In line 23, the word acquire is closest in meaning to ________ . A. steal B. borrow c . ask D. get 8. In what ways did American artists try to gain greater success? A. by inviting European artists to America B. by traveling abroad c . by becoming expatriates D. by not only painting portraits 9. The final paragrùph o f the passage will probably continue with a discussion o f A. artists moving between countries B. other ways artists tried to gain local c . artists from other countries D. other lesser known artists 10. Where in the passage does the author draw a comparison o f American and English practices in producing commission portraits? A. the first paragraph B. the second paragraph c . the third paragraph D. the fourth paragraph 312
i
ị
Câu 6: CLOZE TEST Reading 1: The money that some professional sportsmen earn shouldn’t impress anyone when you take into (0)........... the fact that only a few of them manage to attain immortality and everlasting fame. And once they reach their (1).............and display their talent at their best, they are fully conscious that their brilliant careers won’t last forever. They live under a constant pressure of being (2)........... and subsequently replaced by someone who is younger^ faster and more (3 )....... For that reason, objectives like retirement benefits and pensions are (4).................. great concern to all professional athletes. Some of the retired competitors go as far as to organize strikes and rallies to (5)............. their protest against any poliọy unresponsive to their demands (6) .................. the younger professionals seek more upgrading solutions to the problem as more and more of them attach a proper significance to (7).............. a sóíid education, even at university level. Such an approach should help them find interesting and well-paid jobs devised theic sports career is over. A completely new strategy has been (8)................. by the schools priding themselves disruption supporting their own teams. Their authorities insist that the sports clubs members achieve high academic standards or else they are debarred from partaking in certain sports events, which may lead to further (9)..... ..........in their professional careers. By these practical and most effective (10)........... '..... , combining education with sports activity, the image of the professional athlete as being brainless and unintelligent may eventually be changing to the sportsmen’s benefit. c. examination B. attention D. consideration 0. A. reflection B.shape c. best Đ. capacity I. A. prime B. outstayed D. outgrown 2. A. outcast c . outshone B. accomplished c. attributed D. accredited 3. A. achieved B. in 4. A. with D. of c. at B. claim c. insist D.speak 5 A. voice D. wherein B. whereby c. whereupon 6. A. whereas B. learning c. receiving D. attending 7. A. mastering c. barely D. once 8. A. right away B. promptly B. on 9. A. with c. for D. in 10. A. grounds c. factors D. means B. results Reading 2: THE FIRST POSTAL STAMP Two hundred years ago, no stamps were used in the United States. A person wishing to send letter (1 )................ bring it to the post office and pay for the postmaster the (2)................ for handling it. The charge for this service (3).................upon the distance the letter was to be (4 ).................... For short distance, the fee was usually ten cents. \ ( , . 313
An Englishman, Roland Hill, was probably responsible (5)................the first use of stamps. The English post office at that time was using a plan similar to (6) in the United States and was losing money. Hill suggested that the price for handling letters through the post office be (7)................... He thought if this were done, more people would send letters, thereby making the handling expense (8)................. letter much less so that the post office would not lose money. He suggested the use o f standard adhesive postage stamps to save time and trouble. new plan, and in 1840, ov The English lawmakers (9).................. the ago, the first stamps for use with letters were made. They were printed (10)............... a picture of Queen Victoria, and sold for one and two cents. Time has proved that Roland Hill was right. l . A. could B. should D. might c. would 2. A. fee B. fare D. cost c. expense 3. A. relied B. depended D. based c. focused 4. A. taken B. carried D. transported c. brought 5. A. on B.about c. with D. for B.such 6. A. one c. that D. what 7. A. reduced B. decreased D. lowered c. lessened 8. A. every B.each D. per c. for 9. A. recognized B. accepted c . agreed D.approved 10. A. for B. on c. with D. by . II. TỰ LUẬN:
Câu 1: OPEN CLOZE TEST Cloze test 1: Complete the following article by writing each missing word in the space. Use only one w ord for each space. LANGUAGE VARIETY The fact that English has been spoken in England for 1,500 years but in Australia for only 200, explains why we have a great wealth of regional dialects in England that is more or less totally lacking in Australia. It is often possible to tell where an English person comes from to (0) about 15 miifes or less. In Australia, where (1)........... has not been enough time for changes to bring about such regional variation, it is almost impossible to tell where someone comes from at (2)........... , although very small differences are now beginning to appear. It is unlikely, however that there will (3)....... . be as much dialectal variation in Australia as there is iri England. This is because modern transport and communication conditions are very difference from (4)........... they were 1,500 or even 100 years ago. Even (5)............ English is now spoken in many thousands of miles apart, it is very unlikely that English will ever break up into (6)........... number o f different non-intelligible languages in the same way thát Indo-European 314
and Germanic (7).............. German and Norwegian became different languages because the ancestors o f the speakers of these two languages moved apart I geographically, and were no (8)........... in touch and communicating with one another. In the modern world, barring unforeseen catastrophes, this will not happen, at (9 ).......... in the near future. As long as Americans and British people,
ẫ i
for instance, are in touch with one another and want to communicate with one another, it is most unlikely that their dialects (10)........... drift so far apart as to become different languages. !
I' Cloze test 2: Complete the following article by writing each missing word in the I space. Use only one word for each space. f Brian’s father was a coward and not an honest man. He didn’t himself Ì (1).. ................ a lie to a judge in the law case, but he wanted Brian to ^ (2)................ so, and that was worse. The facts were that Brian and Tim I (3).... !............ seen a man attack the boy, knock him down and kick him. The '(4 )....................arrested the man and brought Ịiim before the judge. Brian and Tim had to go too, to describe (5).................what happened. Before Brian left home, his ’■ (6)....................said to him: “Be careful, son. You didn’t see that man kick the boy, (7).you? Tell the judge you didn’t see the kick. Remember, we have (8)...... ........ live in this village with that man.” 'Bút Brian was (9)................ coward. He told the (10)......... the truth about the attack. Câu 2: WORD FORMS P art 1: 1. S ince................ has been so poor the class is being closed. (ATTEND) 2. It's impossible t o ............................everybody. (PLEASANT) 3. Maldini i s ................. in AC Milan. He's the key to their success. (REPLACE) 4. Your skirt is rather short, you'd better ask the dressmaker t o ...... ............. .......it. (LONG) 5. I'm sure Jack will come to heljj us; he's a(n )........................... man. (DEPEND) 6. The new film i s ........... ....................good. (EXCEPT) 7. These remote areas are still........................... to the Internet. (ACCESS) 8 His plan is
....................
good, but it won't work in practice (THEORY)
9. He i s .... ...................... for his charitable activities than for his business in the steel industry. (KNOW) Part 2: THE DICTIONARY OF NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY Just over one hundred years ago, the last volume o f a tremendous work of reference entitled The Dictionary of National Biography rolled off the printing
sound like the most thrilling read in the world. As entertainment, you might imagine it ranks some way below a (2)................... (POLITICS) autobiography. But you would be very, very wrong. The DNB, like the Oxford English Dictionary, is one o f the great monuments to British culture and also a hugely enjoyable work in its own right. It is, quite simply, an (3)................... (ALPHABET) dictionary of potted biographies o f all the notable men and women who had lived in Britain since the year dot. It was produced between 1885 and 1900, and it remains (4)............... (EMPHASIS) an achievement of the Victorian period, richly redolent of 19th century confidence and (5)............. (CAPABLE), energy and optimism. It is also a monument to the enormous variety of the British national character, and the dictionary is immeasurably (6)......... ........... (RICH) by this aspect. There are not only great statesmen, generals, writers, but also hundreds of wonderfully (7)................... (COLOUR) characters, who you can discover only by leafing idly through a volume of the DNB on a wet afternoon down at your local library. The way in which the DNB was produced was very British too: on a shoestring, out o f sheer dedication, and with no state (8 ) ................... (INTERFERE) whatsoever. It was the private endeavour of a group o f (9)................... (ENTHUSE), scholars and freelance journalists, as (10)................... (OPPOSE) to; for instance, the Austrian equivalent, produced under the oppressive auspices of the imperial Academy of Vienna. CÂU 3: ERROR IDENTIFICATION: The passage below contains 10 errors. Underline and correct them. (0) has been done as an example. Going it Alone When he was made redundant four years ago, John Spencer set up his own business dealing in rare and second-hand books. “I {0} didnt expect to loose my job,” he said. “It happened very suddenly and I knew it would be difficult to find another one, I’d always been interested in books, so that seemed a good business to chose. I run the business from home and sent and recieve books by post so I don’t need my own premises. Sometimes I travel to book fairs and sometimes I have a stall in the market. It was a bit frigtening at first, being sejf-employed, but I’ve got used to it now and I really appreciate the feeling o f independence I get from being my own boss. “John got some advise from his bank manager about the financial aspects of his business and also took out a small lone to buy stock. After only two years the business was making a profit. The secret of sucess, according to John, is to specialize in certain areas (detective fiction and cookery in his case) so that you always have the book the serious collector is looking for. John posts books to his customers and then waits for them to send payment. At first he wasn’t sure wether people would pay up promptly. “In fact, this hasnt been the problem I thought it might be. Most customers are very honest and its only the occasional one that cause problems”. 316
Câu 4: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION: 1. In her previous job, Mara was a picture restorer. (WORK) 2. Immediately after his arrival home a water-heater exploded. —> Hardly____________________ __________________________ 3. I’m sure you were driving too fast. —> You m ust___________________________________________ 4. It was only when the body was found that the police believed her. —>Not only_______________ ' ___________ _______________ 5. They arrived at their destination alive and kicking. (SOUND) 6. I enjoy being the boss of a small company.
(FISH)
7. Your attitude will have to change if yoụ ,wạnt to succeed. (LEAF) 8. Many species of wildlife are threatened with extinption. (VERGE) 9. Would you like to contribute something td our campaign? (MAKE) 10.She complains far too often for my liking.
(FREQUENT)
PRACTICE 23
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: 1 /PHONOLOGY (5 points) Choose the word whose underlined part of the others: B. faces 1. A. houses 2. A. hauteur B. hauler B. machismo 3. A. macabre B. expurgate 4. A. external B. fervidly 5. A. eureka
pronounced differently from that
c. horses c. haughty c. chemical c . extenuate c . circumvention
D. sources D. haulage D. chivalrous D. expunge D. fermentative 317
Choose the word whose 6. A. trigonometry 7. A. legislature 8. A. argumentative 9. A. photograph 10. A. majority
stress pattern is B. explanatory B. repository B. psychological B. payroll B. ceremony
different from that of the others: c . immediately D. democracy c . magnificent D. mistake c . contributory D. hypersensitive c . accent D. regretful c . astronomy D. investiture
2/ VOCABULARY (5points) Choose the best option to f ill in each blank: 1. She........ out of the house as fast as her legs would carry her. A. strolled B. dashed c . ambled D. plunged 2. The soap opera star threatened to ...............her dentist for $ 10 million. A. prosecute B. sue c . convict D. charge 3. Four people drowned when the y ach t..............in a sudden storm. A. inverted B. overflowed c . upset D. capsized 4. His greediness was............... to his often going hungry as a child. A. set down B. put back c . busy D. put down 5. O f course, he can: lift that! He is a s ........... as a horse. A. tough B. big c . heavy Đ. strong 6. Although the family trusted her, she............... them down badly. A. put B. set c , let D. left 7. Some people are................interested in animals than in other people. A. further B. far more c . much D. most 8. He started talking about the cost o f a new computer, which was a........... herring because we’ve got plenty of computers. A. blue B. red c . black D. green 9. Janet will see you if you use the computer without permission. She has eyes like a........ A. bird B. goose c . hawk D. fox 10. You must be careful when you wash this....................silk blouse. A. weak B. sensitive c . delicate D. feeble 3/ STRUCTURES AND GRAMMAR (5 points) 1. “How did his speech go” - “ With all the noise outside, he couldn’t ....................himself heard” . ' A. make B. be made c . be making D. have made 2. “Did you hear anything about lầst month’s Barclays’ robbery? “ “Yes eventual ly the robbers............... .......given a ten-year sentence.” A. Were not being B. were not to be c . were D. were not have been 3. “How’s the new town planning project going?” “Oh, there’s still a lot............. ............. A. having done B. has been done c . to be done D. have done 318
4. I was asked to make a speech but I couldn’t speak because I had a ..............in my throat. A. soar B. crack c . gap D. frog 5. He....................in it when he told Sally about the surprise party they were planning for her. A. put his foot B. took it easy c . took her for granted D. had the gift 6. “How did Gina react when she aưived at her surprise birthday party?” “She exclaimed..................... ..a wonderful surprise.” A. to be B. being c . that it was D. to being 7. “Did he find out who had taken the money?” “Yes, Robert finally admitted..................... it all” A. to spend B. have spending B. c . to have spent D. to having spent 8. She was................. of a dark horse; no ooe knows she was a published poet. A. a bit B. a little ' C /a few D. kind 9. My neighbor has threatened to .............. ..............over our dispute about property boundaries. A. take legal aid B. try me, c . take legal action D. bring me to trial ỈO.The heavy rain lashed down................. throughout the night without letting up. A. continually B. perpetually c . continuously D. eternally 4/ PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS (5 points) Choose the best option to fill in each blank: 1. Andy’s...... ..... flu and won’t be able to attend the meeting. A.taken on B. gone down with c . broken down D. run up against 2. The computer has..................aỵlong way over the last thirty years. A. taken on B. eomé on c . broken down D. put in 3. Mr. Jones h a s ................ the proposal that all members of staff should make a contribution to the earthquake relief fund. A.put across B. put forward c . put down D. put through 4. Can you do................m y dress, please! A. up B. with c . out of D. down 5. What were you........... when you said you might not see Mark for some time? A. driving at B. dealing in c . driving for D. doing without 6. She didn’t like flying and was apprehensive... .... making the journey alone. A. at B. with c . about \ D. for
7. If you can b e a r.................me a little longer, I’ll give you all the information together. B. to A. with D. on c. about 8. My mother is confined............. .a wheelchair so she doesn’t go out very B. for A. with c. to D. about
9. The board was agreeable............................the proposal. A. to B. with c. on
D. about
10. He aimed A. to
D. with
B. at
c. for
5/ READING (10 points): Read the following passages carefully, then choose the best answ er for each question: Passage I: (Line) The Beatles became the most popular group in rock music history. This quartet of extraordinarily talented musicians generated a phenomenal number of pieces that won gold records. They inspired a frenzy that transcended countries and economic strata. While all o f them sang, John 5 Lennon and Paul McCartney wrote the majority of their songs. Originally, Lennon and five others formed a group called the Quarrymen in 1956, with McCartney joining them later that year. George Harrison, John Lennon, and Paul McCartney, together with Stuart Sutcliffe, who played the bass guitar, and Pete Best on the drums, performed together in several bands for a few 10 years, until they finally settled on the Silver Beatles in 1960. American rock musicians, such as Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley, influenced Lennon’s and McCartney’s music, whose first hits consisted of simple tunes and lyrics about young love, “Love Me Do” and “Please, Please Me”. The Beatles’ U.S. tour propelled them to stardom and led to two movies 15 A Hard D ay’s Night and Help, filmed in 1964 and 1965. The so-called British invasion of the United States was in full swing when they took the top five spots on the singles charts, followed by the release of their first film. During the 1960s, their music matured and acquired a sense of melody. The lyrics of their songs became deeper and gained in both imagination and 20 meaning. Their popularity continued to grow as the Beatles turned their attention to social problems and political issues in “Nowhere Man” and “Eleanor Rigby.” Loneliness and nostalgia come through in their ballads “Michelle” and “Yesterday”, which fully displayed the group’s professional development and sophistication. Lennon’s sardonic music with lyrics 25 written in the first person, and McCartney’s songs that created scenarios with offbeat individuals, contributed to the character of the music produced 320
1.
2; 3.
■.
4.
5.
6.
7. 8.
by the group. In addition to their music, the Beatles set a social trend that popularized long hair, Indian music, and mod dress. For a variety of reasons, the musicians began to drift apart, and their last concert took place in San Francisco in 1966. The newspapers and tabloids publicized their quarrels and lawsuits, and the much idolized group finally disbanded in 1970. However, their albums had outsold those of any other band in history. Although all of the Beatles continued to perform solo or form new rock groups, alone, none could, achieve the recognition and success that they had been able to win together. What does the passage mainly discuss? A. The history and music of the Beatles B. The history and milestones o f rock music c . The fashion and music popular in 1960s D. The creation and history o f a music group According to the passage, how many merpbers were in the band, formed in 1956? A. Four B. Five Six D. Seven According to the passage, which of the Beatles had the greatest musical talent? A. John Lennon and Paul McCartney B. George Harrison and John Lennon J c. Stuart Sutcliffe and Pete Best D. John Lennon, Paul McCartney. And George Harrison The author of the passage implies that the Beatles A. competed with American musicians B. wrote their music ad a group c . became popular relatively quickly D. were active in social movements According to the passage, the Beatles’ fame grew as a result of A. Chuck Berry’s movement B. their American tour c . two movies made in the Ụ/S. D. their first two hits The author of the passage implies that over time, the music and lyrics by the Beatles A. became more complex than at the beginning o f their career B. declined in quality and political significance c . were dedicated to woolen and named Eleanor and Michelle D. made them the richest musicians in the world The word “acquired” in line 18 is closest in meaning to A. imparted B. attached c . imprinted D, attained According to the passage, when did the Beatles experience theừ greatest success? A. In the late 1950s B. After their break-up in 1970 c . During the early and mid-1960s D. Throughout their lifetimes 321
9. The word “scenarios” in line 25 is closest in meaning to A. sceneries B. situations c . life stories D. love themes 10. According to the passage, how did Lennon and McCartney enhance the music of the group? A. They struggled to reach stardom in the United States. B. They composed music to scornful songs and ballads. c . Their music added distinctiveness to the Beatles’ repertoire. D. Their loneliness and sadness made their music popular. Passage 2:
5
'0
15
20
25
322
The word laser was coined as an acronym for Light Amplification by the stimulated Emission of Radiation. Ordinary light, from the Sun or a light bulb, is emitted spontaneously, when atoms or molecules get rid o f the excess energy by themselves, without any outside intervention. Stimulated emission is different because it occurs when an atom or molecule holding onto excess energy has been stimulated to emit it as light. Albert Einstein was the first to suggest the existence o f stimulated emission in a paper published in 1917. However, for many years, physicists thought that atoms and molecules always were much more likely to emit light spontaneously and that stimulated emission thus always would be much weaker. It was not until after the Second World War that physicists began trying to make stimulated emission dominate. They sought ways by which one atom or molecule could stimulate many others to emit light, amplifying it to much higher powers. The first to succeed was Charles H. Townes, then at Columbia University in New York. Instead of working with light, however, he worked with microwaves, which have a much longer wavelength, and built a device he called a “maser”, for Microwave Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not completed until a couple o f years later. Before long, many other physicists were building másers and trying to discover how to produce stimulated emission at even shorter wavelengths. The key concepts emerged about 1957. Townes and Arthur Schawlow, then at Bell Telephone Laboratories, wrote a long paper outlining the conditions needed to amplify stimulated emission of visible light waves. At about the same time, similar ideas crystallized in the mind of Gordon Gould, then a 37-year-old graduate student at Columbia, who wrote them down in a series of notebooks. Townes and Schawlow published their ideas in a scientific journal, Physical Review Letters, but Gould filed a patent application. Three decades later, people still argue about who deserves the . credit for the concept of the laser.
1. The word “coined” in line 1 could best be replaced b y ...................... A. created B. mentioned c. understood D. discovered 2. The word “intervention” in line 4 can best be replaced by..................... A. need B. device c . influence D. source 3 The word “it” in line 6 refers t o ..................... A. light bulb B. energy c . molecule D. atom 4. Which of the following statements best describes a laser? A. A device for stimulating atoms and moleculés to emit light B. An atom in a high-energy státe c . A technique for destroying atoms or molecules D. An instrument for measuring light waves 5. Why was Towne’s early work with stimulated emission done with microwaves? A. He was not concerned with light amplification. B. It was easier to work with longer wavelengths. c . His partner Schawlow had already ibegun work on the laser. D. The laser had already been developed. 6. In his research at Columbia University, Charles Townes worked with all o f the following EXCEPT A. stimulated emission B. microwaves c . light amplification Đ. a maser 7. In approximately what year was the first maser built? A.
1917
B. 1951
c . 1953
D. 1957
8. The word “emerged” in line 23 is closest in meaning t o ..................... A. increased B. concluded c. succeeded D. appeared 9. The word “outlining” in line 24 is closest in meaning to ..................... A. assigning B. studying c.checking D. summarizing 10. Why do people still argue about who deserves the credit of the laser? A. The researchers’ notebooks were lost. B. Several people were developing the idea at the same time, c . No one claimed credit for the development until recently. D. The work is still incomplete. 6/ CLOZE TEXTS (10 points) Choose the best option thát fit each gap of the following passages: a/ Mountain Rescue Last year over 200 climbers were rescued from the mountains o f Scotland alone by local rescue teams, who go out in all weathers to do whatever they can to help when disaster (1).................... These people are volunteers, giving their time and energy freely and, on (2)..................... , putting themselves in danger. They will risk 323
life and (3).......................... in an emergency when they are (4)..........................on to rescue foolhardy or unlucky climbers. A whole (5)...................... of things can go wrong up in the mountains. A storm can (6)...................... up without warning, reducing visibility to virtually zero. Then only the most experienced mountaineer could find their way back down to safety. And it is easy to come to grief, breaking a leg- or worse. Many climbers owe a huge (7)......................... of gratitude to the rescue teams! While rescue teams work for no pay, there are considerable costs (8) in maintaining an efficient service. Equipment such as ropes and stretchers is of (9).............importance, as are vehicles and radio communications devices. (10).................some of the costs are borne by the government, the rescue teams couldn’t operate without donations from the public. Fortunately, fundraising for a good cause like this is not difficult; anyone who has ever been up in the mountains will gladly make a contribution. D. arrives 1. A. hits B. rises c. strikes D. occasion B. event c. moment 2. A. situation D. flesh B. blood 3. A. limb c. bone D. beckoned B. called c. summoned 4. A. brought D. scale B. extent c. range 5. A.scope D. lash 6. A. brew B. arise c. whip D. obligation B. liability 7. A. recognition c. debt D. connected B. involved c, featured 8. A. implied B. vibrant D. vital 9. A. lively c. essential 10.A. Even
B. Despite
c. Though
D. However
b. The story of man’s mastery of the air is almost as old as man himself, a puzzle in which the essential (0)__ A.... were not found until a very late stage. However, to ( 1 ) .............this we must first go back to the time when primitive man ( 2 ) .............his food, and only birds and insects flew. We cannot know with any certainty when man first deliberately shaped weapons for throwing, but that (3) .............of conscious design marked the first step on a road that ( 4 ) .............. from the spear and the arrow to the aero plane and the giant rọcket of the present (5) ..............It would seem, in fact, that this ( 6 ) .............. to throw things is one of the most primitive and deep-seated of our instincts, (7) ............. in childhood and persisting into old age. The more mature ambition to throw things swiftly and accurately, which is the origin of most ( 8 ) .......... . games, probably has its roots in the ages when the possession of a ( 9 ) .............weapon and the ability to throw it with force and accuracy (1 0 ).............the difference between eating and starving. 0. A. clues 1. A. value 324
B. keys B. approve
c . responses c . understand
D. resolutions D. realize
2. A. pursued 3. A. act 4. A. brings 5. A. instant 6. A. feeling 7. A. coming 8. A. exterior 9. A. suitable 10. A. involved
B. B. B. B. B. B. B. B. B.
hunted for deed moves day urge arriving outside fitting meant ,
c. chased c. action c. takes c. hour c. encouragement c. appearing c. external c. related c. told
D. followed up D. event D. leads D. moửient D. emotion D. growing D. outdoor D. chosen D. showed
II. WRITTEN TEST
1/ OPEN CLOZE TEST (20 points) Read the texts below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each space. DANGERS OF TECHNOLOGY a. Much has been heard recently (0) about possible health hazards, including memory loss and brain tumors, from the use of mobile phones. With the possible half a billion mobile phones in (1)........... throughout the world, in Britain (2) , one person in four owns one, (3)...................... is worrying enough, even if, so far, no concrete evidence has come to (4 )................ One study by Dr. Alan Preece and his team at Bristol University has shown, however, in a report in the International Journal o f Radiation Biology, that tests on volunteers demonstrated no effect on (5).................. short-term memory or attention span. Subjects (6).............!........ exposed to microwave radiation for (7) .......................... to thirty minutes, but the one noticeable effect was positive (8 ) .................. than negative; the subjects reacted more rapidly in one test (9 ) .................. a visual choice. One explanation of (10)............................is that following the transmission, a warming o f the blood led to increased blood flow. b. LAUGHING IS GOOD FOR YOU-SERIOUSLY It is a sad fact (0) that...... adults laugh far less than children, sometimes by as much (1) ............. a couple of hundred times a day. Just take a (2) .............at peoples’faces on the way to work or in the office: you’ll be lucky (3 ).............see a smile, let alone hear a laugh. This is a shame -especially in view of the ( 4 ) ............. that scientists have proved that laughing is good for you. “When you laugh” says psychologist David Cohen, “it produces the feel-good hormones, endorphins. It counters the effects of stress ( 5 ).............enhances the immune system.” There are many ( 6 ) .............why we might laugh less in adult life: perhaps we are too work-obsessed, or too embarrassed to ( 7 ) .............our emotions show. Some psychologists simply believe that children have more native responses, and as 325
adults we naturally grow (8) ............. of spontaneous reactions. Luckily ( 9 ) ............., it is possible to relearn the art of laughter. In India, “laughter clinics” have been growing (10) .............popularity over the last few years, thanks to the efforts of Dr Madan Kataria, whose work has won him a devoted following. Dr Kataria believes that his laughing techniques can help to strengthen the immune system and lower stress levels, among other things. He teaches his patients different laughs or giggles to relax specific parts of the body. In 1998, when Dr Kartaria organized a World Laughter Day at Bombay racetrack, 10,000 people turned up. 2. WORD FORMS (20 points) a. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. A WORRYING DISEASE Rubella, also called German measles, is an epidemic ( 0 ) ......... disease of mild course. (1)........... ................................ study of epidemics in Germany in the 19th century gave rise to the popular name o f the disease. Although rubella may occur in young children, (2).......................... to the disease is more commonly seen in older children and young adults. Usually the (3).............................................. rash in the first sign noted. (4)..................o f the lymph glands in the neck, behind the ears, and perhaps elsewhere in the body is (5)....... .......; ............. Although it is certainly not pleasant to suffer from rubella, (6) are rare. A day or so of bed rest and a light diet with plehty of fluids is the only (7)............................... required in most cases. In 1941 it was discovered that rubella early in pregnancy may be (8)...................to the health of the fetus, especially the eyes and heart. Years later it was demonstrated that infants may be born with active rubella and may manifest many additional (9)............................In fact, it has been found capable of causing extensive damage to almost any organ o f the infant’s body. Methods of (10)..................... have been recommended in the hope o f stamping out the virus from the environment.
VIRUS INTENSE
SUSCEPTIBLE COMFORT LARGE CHARACTER COMPLICATE TREAT THREAT
NORMAL IMMUNE
b. Choose the word given in the box to complete the following passage. You should use the correct forms of the words given. (0) has been done as an example: richness analyze fortunate 326
compare visual
infect system
space participate
fiction organize
Amnesiacs struggle to imagine future events People with amnesia have difficulty imagining future events with any (0) ________ of detail and emotion, according to Eleanor Maguire at the Welcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging in London, UK. She studied five patients who suffered from classic amnesia. The patients had all suffered ( 1) _ _ _ _ _ _ that had damaged a brain region called the hippocampus. The damage left the subjects with no recollection o f past events, and all sorts of important and precious memories were ( 2 ) _______ lost forever. Researchers asked the ( 3 ) ________ and a control group without amnesia - to imagine several future scenarios, such as visiting a beach, and to describe what the experience would be like. They then carried out an (4 )____ of the subjects’ descriptions, scoring each statement based on whether it involved references to (5) _ relationships, emotions or specific objects. All but one of the amnesiacs were worse at ( 6 ) ______ future events than those without amnesia. The way they saw future events was not as a ‘whole picture’ where all the images fitted together and made sense, but was more likely to be (7) _____ , meaning they just saw a collection of very separate images. And in (8) '_______with their control counterparts, most .amnesiacs said little about how they felt in the (9) _____ scenario. Although tHere is some anecdotal evidence to suggest that amnesiacs have problems picturing future events, Maguire is the first to study it (10)____ . “The results show that amnesia patients are ready stuck in the present,” she says. 3. ERROR IDENTIFICATION (10 points) In most lines of this text there is one unnecessary word. It is either incorrcct grammatically, or does not fit the sense of the text. For each line write the unnecessary word in the space beside the text. Tick each correct line. (0) The term 'drugs' covers many of kinds of chemical substance
Line
(00) which they are absorbed by the body, the majority being (000) medicines designed to cure illnesses. They are manufactured
00 ...they...
(1) from a variety of sources which include animal and products, (2) plants and minerals. In the recent years it has become possible
1..................... 2 ........... . 3................ 4 ............... 5 ............... 6....:...... . 7......... 8 ...........
(3) to synthesize in the laboratory many drugs which previously (4) obtained from plants and animal products. A small number of (5)drugs can become addictive if taken excessively, as that is either (6)
too frequently, or in doses larger than they recommended for
(7) medical to use. Drugs intended as painkillers, or drugs with a (8) hypnotic effect are used as sleeping pills, can both become (9) addictive if abused. It is important to make emphasize the fact (10) that it is the abuse of drugs which has once become a widespread social problem in many societies, and that the drug itself may have many beneficial effects when used medically.
000... being...
9. .............. 10 ..... . .......
4. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20 points)
Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given (don’t change the word given) or beginning in such a way that their meanings remain unchanged. 1. He owes his life to that surgeon (indebted) He..........................................................................................................................life 2. There wasn’t a single ticket left for the concert so we couldn’t go (sell-out) The................................................................................................... couldn’t go. 3. You have the ability to do really well in your career if you make an effort (mind) You cou Id do real ly wel 1.................................................................................it. 4. The news of the merger really surprised the staff, (taken) The staff....................................................................................... by the merger. 5. I expected the film to be good, but it wasn’t at all. (live) The film................................................ .................................................... at all. 6. Everyone was shocked by the success o f the novel, (shock) The success of the novel..................................................... ................ everyone. 7. It was impossible for Roy to keep the appointment. There.............. ............................................................................... the appointment. 8. The reason why I was given promotion was that Laurence recommended me. I wouldn’t ............................ ................but.......... ................................................ 9. You must never mention this to him. Under.............................................................. .......................................................... 10.HÌS condition improved so rapidly that he went home four days after the operation. There......................................... ................................. ......................... ......... ...
PRACTICE 24 PHÀN TRÁG NGHIỆM: Câu hỏi 1: Part 1: Phonology: Choose the word whose underlined part the others in each group. 1. a. boil b. poison 2. a. lethal b. altogether 3. a. purpose b. post 4. a. parachute b. chauffeur 5. a. swear b. spear 328
is pronounced differently from that of c. noise c. approval c. prone c. chute c. wear
d. choir d. chemical d. crone d. chaplet d. bear
Choose the word whose main stressed syllable is placed differently fro m that o f the others in the list. 6. ạ. sensitive b. spontaneous c. suburban d. removal 7. a. explorer b. elegant c. influence d. asteroid 8. a. assimilate b. existence c. generation d. inflexible 9. a. relevant b. descendant c. redundant d. consultant 10.a. literature b. conspiracy c. legacy d. temperature Câu hỏi 2: II. VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE (20ps) Choose one o f the fou r options A, B, c or D that best completes each sentence. 1. A minority of the committee members we're dissatisfied with the decision and endeavered to ....... it. A. overturn B. postpone c . abolish D. red 2. Because o f the unfortunate ...................ypur order was not despatched by the date requested. A. hindrance B. oversight c . negligence D. transgression 3. Making private calls on the office is serverely .................. on in our department. ' A. frowned B. criticised c . regarded D. objected 4. When Mary rented her apartment through a broker, she didn’t have enough money to pay both rent and broker......................... A. rentals B. reductions c . listings D. fees 5. N ew spaper........ .................... show a wide variety o f available housing. A. columns B. editorials c . ads D. headlines 6. Due to many years o f ................, the Smiths had nothing to fall back on when it was time for them to retire. A. illiteracy B. impunity c . inflexibility D. imprudence 7. M o re............................tennis players still wear white on the court. A. flamboyant B. conservative c . athletic D. distinguished 8. John and Mary ............. on all their books; she writes the text and he does the artwork. A. study B. discuss c . divide D. collaborate 9. They worked from dawn to dusk with su ch ..................that they were exhausted. A. boredom B. zeal c . detraction D. debility 10. The ship stopped because two passengers had fallen.................. À. upside down B. overboard c . underground D. inside out 11. Determining the mineral content of soil samples is an exacting process; ______ experts must perform detail tests to analyze soil specimens. A. so that B. however c . afterwards D. therefore 329
12. Peter.- “Is it important?” Thomas: “ ............................. A. Not on your life! B. It’s a matter of life and death! c . No worry, that’s nothing. D. It’s ridiculous. 13. “Have 1 done something wrong?” “ I wish y o u ..............................more tactful1 you’re always offending people”. A. had been being B. have been c . were being D. were 14. I hear that your examinations are next week, y o u ......................... very hard at the moment. A. are studying B. study c . must study D. must be studying 15. r ve seen that famous actor on television, but I’ ve never seen him .... person. A. ill B. of c . on D. by 16. There was a brief silence and then footsteps were heard ............ from the direction of the kitchen. A. were coming B. coming c . were come D. to come 17. ........ relatively inexpensive, the metal pewter can be fashioned into beautiful .and useful objects. A. Even it is B. Despites c . Although D. Nevertheless, it is 18.................................in front of a camera lens changes the color of the light that reaches the film. A. Placed a filter B. A filter is placed c . A filter placed D. When a filter placed 19. Scientists cannot agree o n ............................ related to other orders of insects. A. that fleas are B. how fleas are c . how are fleas D. fleas that are 20. I’ve never really enjoyed going to the ballet or the opera; they’re not really my..... !........................ A. piece of cake B. sweets and candy c . biscuit D. cup of tea Câu hỏi 3: (2 0 điểm) Reading Comprehension: Reading 1: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c , or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each o f the questions. A. M OBILE REVOLUTION No consumer product in history has caught on as quickly as the mobile phone, global sales of which have risen from six million in 1991 to more than 400 million a year now. 330
I ' ■ ! f f '
;
The arrival of the mobile phone has transformed our lifestyles so much that man now spend more time on the phone than women, according to the results o f our special opinion poll. Mobile phones are no longer just he domain of the teenager and, in fact, just as many 40-and 50-somethings now own a mobile phone as the 15 to 20 age group (slightly below 70%). Even among the over 65s more than 40% now have a mobile. The survey found that men with mobile phones (72% of all men) spend more than an hour a day making calls on an average weekday. The average n an spends sixty-six minutes on his landline or his mobile, compared with fifty-three minutes before the mobile phone revolution.' But the poll reveals that, while men are using their phones a lot more, women are actually spending less time on the phone. Slightly fewer women 67%) have a mobile phone, and the survey shows that the average amount o f time they spend on the phone on a weekday has gone down from sixty-three minutes before they got a mobile to fifty-five minutes now. The explanation might lie in the fact that men love to play with techno toys while womejn may be more conscious of the bills they are running up. Innovation in mobile phones has been happening so fast that it's difficult for consumers to change their behaviour. Phones are constantly swallowing up other products like cameras, calculators, clocks, radios, and digital music players. There are twenty different products that previously might have been bought separately that can now be part of a mobile phone. Mobiles have changed the way people talk to one another, they have generated a new type of language, they have saved lives and become style cons. Obviously, the rich have been buying phones faster than the poor. But this happens with every innovation. Mobile phone takè-up among the pool has actually been far quicker than it was in the case of previous products, such as colour television, computers and Internet access. Indeed, as mobile phones continue to become cheaper and more powerful, they might prove to be more successful in bridging the gap between the ricĩí and the poor than expensive computers. There are obviously drawbacks to mobiles as well: mobile users are two and a half times more likely to develop cancer in areas o f the brain adjacent to their phone ear, although researchers are unable to prove whether this has anything to do with the phone; mobile thefts now account for a third of all street, robberies in London, and don’t forget about all the accidents waiting to happen as people drive with a mobile in one hand. But, overall, mobile phones have proved to be a big benefit for people. 1. The group with the highest number of people who own a mobile phone is ___ . A. men B. people between 40 and 50 c. teenagers D. women 331
2. A c c o rd in g to th e o p in io n p o ll, w o m e n _______ .
A. spend more time on the phone than men. B. like to play with their mobile phones. c . spend less time on the phone than they used to. D. don't worry about their phone bills. 3. According to the text, mobile phones . A. are more complicated to operate than radios. B. are incorporated into cameras. c . can now replace many of her products. D. are modified too fast. 4. Among the poor, the demand for mobile phones______ . A. has created more of a gap with the rich. B. has grown faster than the demand for computers. c . follows the pattern o f similar innovations. D. is higher than among the rich. 5. One disadvantage.of mobile phones that the article does not mention is th e ___ A. high operating costs. B. higher crime rate. c . possible health risk. D. increased danger to road users. B. One of the greatest advances in modern technology has been the invention of computers. They help us, fascinate us and occasionally scare us. The latest fear concerns children and computers. Some experts claim that brothers and sisters are . starting to play more with computers than with one another, and that computers are distancing children from their parents. Walking round a toyshop you find a home computer game to satisfy any child’s violent imagination. Adult computer addicts are familiar figures: pale people who sit in front of green screens hour after hour. That is their choice. But the idea o f a child living in front of a flashing green screen is somehow less acceptable. Canadian child psychologist Janis-Norton explains: These are children with few friends, afraid of making conversation. They are children who are usually allowed to do what they want. They cannot concentrate for long periods o f time except in front of the screen. "If the computer games they play are violent," she adds, "they become indifferent to violence faster than they would through watching violent videos." A frightening picture starts to appear. Janis-Norton sees a good number of troubled children. They usually persuade their parents to buy them a computer by saying it "will help their education." Computers, after all, are a central part of education today. Some educationalists enthusiastically look forward to the day when every child will have a personal computer in the classroom and the class 332
- teacher will be nothing but a technician. That is not particularly appealing either, ’ although with the current lack of teachers someone may soon decide it makes good economic sense. Janis-Norton disapproves of such an attitude, it is relationships : with the teacher and the other pupils that make you learn., : We may be at a sort of crossroads. It is a question of whether we use the I machines wisely or stupidly in bringing up children. "The computer," says the child Ỉ psychologist, "is only a surface problem but the real problem is not computers. It is parents who have forgotten how to be parents, or dqn't have the confidence. I wish they'd start noticing and worrying about what is happening a bit sooner." 6. People are worried that children's dependence on computers may result in _____ . A. serious learning difficulties. B. serious problems with health. c . families having communication problems. D. permanent anxieties. 7. The idea of computer-dependent adults is acceptable because_____ . A. they can control their violent imaginations easily. B. they don't only use the computers for game. c . they can not stop looking at the flashing screen. D. they are old enough to make their own decisians. 8. Computer-dependent children_____ . A. concentrate on the screen for short periods only. B. find it hard to communicate with other children, c . become violent or aggressive. D. stammer more often than other children 9. Some experts believe that in the future______ A. every teacher will have a PC in the classroom. B. it will be too expensive to give each schoolchild a computer, c . most teaching will be done by computers. D. children will be educate^ at home using computers. 10. What is the real problem behind children's dependence on computer, according to the child psychologist? A. Parents do not participate in their children's education. B. Children's learning can be slowed down. c . Children regard computers as toys not tools. D. Parents do not have confidence when using computers. Reading 2: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each o f the questions. In addition to providing energy, fats have other functions in the body. The fatsoluble vitamins, A, D, E, and K, are dissolved in fate, as their name implies. Good 333
s o u rc e o f th e s e v ita m in s h a v e h ig h oil o r fa t c o n te n t, a n d th e v ita m in s a re stored in the body’s fatty tissues. In the diet, fats cause food to remain longer in the stomach thus increasing the feeling of fullness for some time after a meal is eaten. Fats add variety, taste and texture to foods, which accounts for the popularity of fried foods. Fatty deposits in body have an insulating and protective value. The curves o f the human female body are due mostly to strategically located fat deposits. Whether a certain amount of fat in the diet is essential to human health is; not definitely known. When rats are fed a fat-free diet, their growth eventually ceases, their skin becomes inflamed and scaly and their reproductive systems are damaged. Two fatty acids, linoleic and arachidonic acids, prevents these abnormalities and hence are called essential fatty acids. They also required by a number o f other animals, but their roles in human beings are debatable. Most nutritionists consider linoleic fatty acid an essential nutrient for humans.
11: The passage probably appears in which o f the following? A. A diet book B. A book on basic nutrition c . A cook book D. A popular women’s magazine 12: The word ‘'functions ” is closest in meaning t o ............................. A. forms B. needs c . jobs D. sources 13: All o f the following vitamins are stored in the body’s fatty tissues EXCEPT.............................. A. vitamin A B. vitamin D c . vitamin B D. vitamin E 14: The phrase “stored in ” is closet in meaning t o .............................. A. manufactured in B. attached to c . measured by D. accumulated in 15: The author states that fats serve all o f the following body functions EXCEPT to.................. ........... A. promote the feeling of fullness B. insulate and protect the body c . provide energy D. control weight gain. 16: The word “essential” is closest in meaning t o .......................... A. required for B. desired for c . similar tơ D. beneficial to 17: Which o f the following is true fo r rats when they are fe d ạ fat-free diet? A. They stop growing B. They have more babies c . They lose body hair D. They require less care 18: Linoleic fatty acid is mentioned as............................. A. an essential nutrient for humans B. more useful than arachidonic acid c. prevent weight gain in rats D. a nutrient found in most foods 19: The phrases "abnormalities” refers to............................. A. a condition caused by fried foods. B. strategically located fat deposits 334
c . curves of the human female body D. end o f growth, bad skin, and damaged reproductive systems. - 20: That humans should all have some fa t in our diets is............................ A.a commonly held view B. not yet a proven fact c . only true for women D. proven to be true by experiments on rats Câu hỏi 4: Cloze Test 1 Choose the option that best fits the blank o f the sentence. K EEPING YOUR DISTANCE Personal space is’a term that refers (1) ............. the distance we like to keep between ourselves and other people. When (2) ................. we dọ not know well gets too close we usually begin to feel uncomfortable. If a business colleague comes close than 1.2 meters, the (3) ........... common response is to move (4) ;........ : . Some interesting (5) .............. have, been done in libraries. If strangers come too close, many people get up and leave the building; others use different methods such as turning their back on the intruder. Living in cities has ( 6 ) ........ people develop new skills for dealing with situations (7) .............they are very close to strangers. (8) .............. people on crowded trains try not to look at strangers; they avoid skin contact, and apologize if hands touch by mistake. People use newspapers (9) ......... a barrier between themselves and other people, and if they do not have one, they stare into the distance, ( 1 0 ).................sure they are not looking into anyone’s eyes. 1. a. from b. to c. for d. about 2. a. anyone b. nobody c. people d. someone 3. a. most b. best c. more d. first 4. a. on b. in c. up d. away 5. a. research b. studies c. survey d. questionnaires 6. a. done b. caused c. made d. allowed 7. a. that b. where c. which d. how 8. a. Most of b. The most c. Almost d. Most 9. a. like b. as c. alike 1 d. such as 10. a. making b. make c. be d. made Cloze Test 2 (10 câu hỏi) THE PENNY BLACK v The Penny Black is thè name of the world's first postage stamp. It was introduced by the U.K. in 1840 and is perhaps the most famous stamp ever issued.; It has a picture of the young Queen Victoria and because of its colour, and its (1) __ of one penny, it is known as the "Penny Black".
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Before 1840, postage rates for delivery of letters in the U.K. depended on the (2) ____ the letter had to travel and the number o f sheets of paper used. Furthermore, at that time it was not possible to pay for your letter before you sent it. The postage had to be paid by the receiver rather than the sender of the letter. The Penny Black changed everything: at the rate o f one penny, letters that did not (3 ) __more than half an ounce could be sent to any (4 )___ in the U.K. Nowadays, Penny Black stamps are not all that rare although they are (5 )___ regarded by stamp collectors. About 68 million of these stamps were issued (6 )__ 1840 and 1841, and it is thought that about 1.5 million o f these (7) __today. The price of the stamp today varies according to whether it has been used or not and its condition. A fine used copy can be bought for around £77 or less, while unused examples are quite rare and sell for £2,000 ór more. To (8) ___ ; the U.K. for having issued the world's first postage stamp, the Universal Postal Union has made an exception regarding its (9 )___. that the name of the country must (10)___on a stamp. No British stamp to date has ever had the country name on it. 1. À sum 2. A. range 3. A. weigh 4. A. position 5. A. greatly 6. A. in 7. A.-survive 8. A. respect 9. A. law 10. A. appear
B. amount B. distance B. lim it' B. route B. highly B. about V B. live B. fame B. rule B. view
c. price c . space c. c. c. c.
reach station warmly between c. continue c. glory c. command c. show
D. worth D. length D. measure D. destination D. dearly D. among D. last D.honour D. order D. display
Câu hỏi 5: WRITTEN TEST I. Choose the correct verb form to be used in each numbered blank : Man has made great strides in all the fields of science , particularly medicine. For instance , research work in the laboratories at last (1) (conquer) _______ poliomyelitis , one o f the most devastating diseases. Although the Salk vaccine (2) (not b e )________ one hundred percent effective, it (3) (decrease)_________the cases of polio considerably. Tuberculosis once (4) (know) _ _ _ _ _ as the white plague (5) (study) ______ intensively. As a matter of fact, it is curable if it is detected in its early stages .We still have cancer (6) (d eal)________ with, but research workers and doctoral over the world are striving to find a way to prevent and cure it. (7) (Judge)
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________ from past experience we can expect that encouraging news (8) (issue) ________ from time to time. Heart disease , the greatest killer of mankind , is now in the process o f being overcome An example of the techniques that (9) (develop)________ is that of heart massage : when a heart stops nowadays while the patient is under anesthesia, the doctor opens the chest, massages the heart and revises the patient. Even a few years ago , such an operation would (10) (be)________ inconceivable. Câu hỏi 6: ' WORD CHOICE Supply the correct form o f word in brackets. (Ng. Hà) 1. Peter’s .................... . got worse as he returned to wear glasses, (eye) 2. I’m not used to smoking. A few puffs on a cigarette make me feel quite .................. (light). 3. Apparently, eating fish and lots of vegetables greatly increases your life .......... ......(expect). (selfish) 4. The thing I hate most about him is h is ................................ 5. The local TV company was stopping.......................... to ask their opinion about the new shopping center. (pass) 6. She was v e ry ........................... to me when my husband died. (sympathize) 7. A lot of people keep up their English by listening to rad io....................... . (broad). 8. You’d better read the government ......................... on setting up a business abroad. (guide) 9. G lobal...................... .. or “ the greenhouse effect”, is due to a build up of gasses in the atmosphere. (warm) 10.1 was bom at home but most babies are born in hospitals.................... (now) Câu hỏi 7: (1 0 điểm) PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS: (lOpts) Fill each blank with a suitable perposition or particle 1. His wife to o k ..................... her new neighbours at once. 2. The essay didn’t come ............to his usual standards. 3.I’m afraid that our plans have fallen..............We’ll have to think again. 4. The results of the experiment bear out ypur theory. It has been borne.............by statistic. 5. The school examination for eleven-year-old was d o n e ............... ......... with some years ago. 6. The river was teem ing..............trout.
7. Whatever Jean s e ts ........................to do, she finished. 8. He is a solicitor..............profession. 9. These rainy Monday mornings get me................. 10. She is so thirty......... success that she would do anything. Câu hỏi 8: (10 điểm) OPEN CLOZE TEST (lOps) Fill each bland with one suitable word. Australia is a big country, but nearly all ( 1 ) ............................ live near the sea. On hot summer days you can see thousands o f people at the beach. Many beaches have waves that are very (2) ...... ...............These large waves are known as surf and people who ride them are called surfers. Surfing is a skill and needs learning. Don’t expect to be able to surf properly the ( 3 ) ....... ..... time you try. However, by practising a few times you will learn ( 4 ) ...... ............................. to do it. Surfing is not a new sport. Perhaps its origins need explaining. It started hundreds of years ago in Hawaii. Men swam ( 5 ) ...............................to see to catch fish and found they' could come back to land very quickly by riding the waves. These first surfers did not (6)............................ a board. They were “body surfers”. Many people ( 7 ) ............................. do this type of surfing today. After a while people started to use boards and rode the (8) .......... ............. by lying, kneeling or standing (9)....................... them. These first surfboards were made o f wood and the water made them rot after a (10) ............................. Today surfboards are made of plastic or fibreglass instead. Câu hỏi 9: (2 0 điểm) SENTENCE TRANSFOMATION: (20pts) (Tuấn) Finish each o f the following sentencein such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentence printed before it 1. Because of his conviction for fraud, the trainer lost his licence —> His conviction for fraud............................... ......................................... 2. My liitle brother can be so annoying sometimes —» I am.............. .............................................. ......... .............................. 3. They declared war on the pretext of defending their territorial rights —> The excuse................................................................................................ 4. Whenever you are on a bus, you hear someone talking about snobbery. —►You can’t ............................... •••••............. ............................ ....... ....... 5. Pop stars are corrupted by the adulation of their fans —> It’s the way................................................................................................. 6 .1 don’t think the television’s likely to blow up at any minute. LIKEHOOD
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7. I’m afraid our problems are just beginning. ICEBERG 8. In the area, Thailand is much better than all other countries in football. SHOULDERS 9. Thomas was not given details o f the company’s new project. DARK 10.1 was too scare to tell him what I really thought. LACKED
PRACTICE 25 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS I. PHONOLOGY A. Choose one word which has underlined part prohounced differently from the others. Identify your answer by circling the corresponding letter A, B, c or D. 1. A. played B. learned c. beloved D. wretched 2.A. laughs B. months c. mouths D. baths 3. A. computer B. convenient c. comfortable D continue 4. A. supreme B.supply c. support D. supposedly 5. A. determine B. examine c. combine D. inebriant B. Choose one word whose stress pattern is different from the others. Identify your answer by circling the corresponding letter A,B, c or D. 1. A. magazine B. Japanese c . document D. understand 2. A. although B. schoolboy c . sometimes D. impetus 3. A. necessary B. interesting c . impotent D. intelligent 4. A. input B. bargain c . remain D. answer 5. A. interpret B. Internal c . interior D. interval II. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR Choose the word or phrase (A, B, c , or D) which best completes each sentence. 1. Mr. Christ gave his sons some money t o .................them up in business. A. get B. set c . put D. make 2. Janies h a d ,................., saved the manuscript of his first novel from the burning house. A. lastly B. at last c . lately D. at least 339
3...................comes a time when you have to accept the bitter truth. A. It B. Therefore c . There D. That 4. “There is no further treatment we can give”, said Dr Jekyll. “We must let the disease takes i t s ...................” A. course B. end c . term D. way 5 . 1wish the neighbors.................making so much noise. A. would stop B. will stop c . to stop D. stopped 6. Nobody saw him going outside,.................? A. hadn’t he B. didn’t they c . did they D. will he 7. More than thirty people.............evidence to the court during the four-week trial. A. gave B. explained c . denied D. spoke 8............ what he says, observe what he does. A. Contrary B. In contrast c . Although D. Never mind 9. H e .................. his life to the skill of the surgeons. A. owes B. keeps c . preserves D. maintains 10.1 don’t think that this fashion w ill................... A. catch on B. catch up c . catch out D. catch over 11. At the party conference, the Prime M inister........ backing for his new policies. A. won B. had c . got D. held 12. The two trains cam e.................ten meters o f collision. A. just B. near c . within D. almost 13. We decided t o .................a coin to see who would go first. A. throw B. pitch c . roll D. toss 14. Christ trains hard, is talented and eager to win - he is, i n ................. . the perfect competitor. A. total B. whole c . short D. part 15. Harry would rather w e .................hold the meeting on Friday. A. shouldn’t B. weren’t to c . didn’t D. wouldn’t 16. The company doesn’t have a graphics section a n d .................out all its design work. A. farms B. sends c. turns , D. looks 17. Your son has th e ................. o f a fine musician. A. beginnings B. makings c . looks D. talents 18. In this district there is a grow ing.................between those with jobs and those without. A. separation B. fissure c . difference D. divide 19. Jane’s very modest, alw ays.................her success. A. playing down B. turning around c . keeping down D. pushing back 20. It was a disaster on th e .................of the nuclear accident at Chernobyl. A. size B. scale c . terms D. consequences 340
III. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS 1. She wept herself_____________ when she heard the bad news. —> out 2. You should get ___________ the routine o f saving the document you are working on every ten minutes. -» into 3. You go to the beach with the kids and I’ll follow ________ when I’ve finished work. -> on 4. The demonstration passed______ _ peacefully. —> off 5. She’s laid________ with a broken leg. -» up 6. That’s a philosophy I could live J _____ __ -> by 7. I began by jogging in the park and worked __________ to running five miles a day. -» up 8. He’s putting a lot of w ork_______ _ improving his French. -» into 9. If you don’t believe me, go and see : yourself! -> for 10. Two dogs were run _______ __ and killed. -» over
IV. CLOZE TEST CLOZE TEST 1 In an age when technology is developing faster than ever before, many people are b eing ..... (1)......to the idea o f looking back into the past. One way they can do it is by investigating their own family history. They can try to ..(2)... out more about where their families came from and what they did. This is now a fast-going hobby, especially in the countries with a ...(3)... short history, like Australia and The United States. It is ..(4)... thing to spend some more time ...(5)... through a book family history and to take the ....(6)... to investigate your own family’s past. It is ....(7).'.. another to carry out the research work successfully. It is easy to set about it in a disorganized way and ..(8)...yourself many problem which could have been ... (9)... with a forward planning. If your own family stories tell you that you are ...(10)... with a famous character, whether hero or criminal, do not let this idea take over your research. l . A. pushed ^ c . fetched D. brought B. attracted 2. A. lay B. make ' D. find c . put 3. A. fairly D. widely B. greatly c. mostly 4. A. a B. one c. no Đ. some 5. A. seeing B. moving c. going D. living 6. A. idea B. plan c. purpose D decision 7. A. quite c. more D.even B.just 8. A. produce B. cause c. build D. create 9. A. missed c. avoided D. escaped B. lost 10. A. connected B. joined c. attached D. related 341
CLOZE TEST 2 Read the following passage and choose the options that best complete the blanks Sylvia Earle, a (1) _____ botanist and one of the (2) ______ deep - sea explorers, has spent over 6000 hours, more than seven months, under water. From her earliest years, she took her first plunge into the open sea as a teenager. In the years since then, she has taken part in a(n) (3)____ o f landmark underwater projects, from exploratory expeditions around the world to her celebrated “Jim dive” in 1978, which was the deepest solo dive ( 4 ) ______ made without cable connecing the driver to a support vessel at the surface of the sea. (5)______ in a Jim suit a futuristic suit of plastic and metal armor, which was secured (6) a manned submarine, Sylvia Earle plunged vertically into the Pacific Ocean, at times at the speed of 100 feet per minute. (7)____ _ reaching the ocean floor, she was released from the submarine and from that point her only connection to the sub was an 18-foot tether. For the next two and a half hours, Earle (8)_______ the seabed, taking notes, collecting (9)_____ , and paiting a u .s flag. Cosumed by a desire to descend deeper still, in 1981 she became involved in the design and manufacture of deep - sea (10)____one of which took her to a depth of 3000 feet. This did not end Sylvia Earle’s accomplishments. 1. A. marine B. underwater c. undersea D. submarine 2. A. furthest B. foremost D. utmost c. greatest 3. A. amount B. great deal D. number c . average 4. A. really B. later c. ever D. mostly 5. A. Covered B. Put D. Worn c . Clothed 6. A. to B. with c. from D. against 7. A. In B. On c. At D. For 8. A. walked B. roamed D. strolled c. dived 9. A. specimens B. models D. debris c. remains 10. A. subcontractors B. submariners c. submersions D. Submersibles V. OPEN CLOZE Sources of energy Electricity is produced by converting energy from one form to electricity. The process used may be a direct conversion process, where the energy source is (1)______ directly to electricity. The (2)______ of the electricity today is produced through an indirect energy conversion process. Both indirect and direct processes use the following major sources o f energy for the production of electricity: fossil fuels, nuclear energy, solar radiation, and hydroenergy. Fossil fuels include coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Fossil fuels are a finite, (3)______ resource. They remain the primary source for the production of electricity. . Since the production o f electricity from fossil fuels involves several 342
energy conversion steps fossil fuel power plants inefficiently produce power. For example, flyash, physical matter left after coal combustion, is harmful to human (animal and environmental) health. It demands (4)______ friendly disposal. Combustion of fossil fuels also produces carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrous oxides gases. These "greenhouse gases" contribute to acid rain and global warming effects. Nuclear energy, just like fossil fuels, is a finite, non-renewable, energy source that uses an (5)______ conversion process to produce electricity. There are two basic forms of nuclear energy, fission and fusion. Since the fusion reaction has never been performed, only the fission reaction is used to produce electricity. Also, plant failures can lead to the (6)______ of radioactive steam into the atmosphere or worse. Solar radiation includes energy used directly as intercepted solar radiation, or indirectly as wind and hydropower At present several factors limit large-scale utilization o f solar energy, (7)_______the cost of solar cells and solar collector-heat exchanger systems, and the requirement 'òf an adequate energy storage system to (8)______out the daily variation. Yet, sunlight is available everywhere making the use of solar radiation for energy production non-site specific. Wind energy is also a form of indirect use of ẩolar radiation. Solar radiation produces wind by heating the air. During the day, the air over land is heated much faster than air over water bodies because the land absorbs much (9)______ sunlight, and the evaporation is less. . The significant environmental problems (10)______ with wind turbines are noise, aesthetics, and interactions with birds. Celebration Tet Nguyen Dan translates literally to "the first morning of the first day o f the new year". Long before Tet, Vietnamese try to get (l)______of any "bad fortune" by cleaning their homes, buying new clothes, resolving disputes, and paying their debts. Like the Chinese, the Vietnamese believe that Tet marks the time when the Kitchen God reports on their family to the Jade Emperor. A week before Tet, family members attempt to propitiate the Kitchen God by (2)______gold leaf paper and offering carp (live, placed in a bucket of water upon the family altar) for him to ride. Houses are cleaned (or repainted) and decorated with yellow blossoms. A bamboo plant called a Cay Neu is planted in the family courtyard: decorated with red streamers and flowers, the Cay Neu is believed to welcome good luck and ward off evil spirits in the week-long interregnum between the old Kitchen God’s departure and the arrival o f his replacement. On the stroke o f (3) as the old year turns into the new, Vietnamese usher out the old year and welcome the new Kitchen God, beating drums, lighting firecrackers, and goading dogs to bark (a lucky omen). 343
More on luck and the New Year: Vietnamese believe that one's luck in the entire year can be (4)______ by auspicious (and not-so-auspicious) events during Tet. Thus Vietnamese will try to even the odds. Barking dogs inspire confidence in the New Year, so dogs are encouraged to bark. Hooting owls are (5)______ as an unlucky omen. The wealth of the first person through the door on New Year reflects the family's luck for the year to come, so the rich and popular are invited to one's home. On Tet, families (6) out a splendid feast to welcome visiting relatives and friends. Traditional Tet treats include: Banh Chung: a special rice pudding containing mung beans and pork bits. Watermelons: considered lucky because o f its red color. Other lucky fruits: coconuts, oranges, and grapefruits Family members and friends also (7)______ gifts during the visit. After the guests have been feted, the family goes off to their respective places of (8)______ (Christian or Buddhist) to pray for the year to come, or join in the many public parades celebrating the festival. The first (9)______ days of Tet are meant to be spent visiting friends and relatives. The first day is spent calling upon close friends and one's parents. The next day, Vietnamese call on their in-laws and other friends. And on the third day, people call upon their distant relations. On the seventh day after Tet, the Cay Neu is taken down, and dragon processions stalk the streets.. Tet is a great time to see Vietnam at its most colorful, especially in the cities of Hue. Hanoi, and Ho Chi Minh City. However, reservations are (10)______ to be filled up long before the actual holiday, and transportation before and after Tet is bound to be sketchy at best (everybody wants to be home for Tet!). Also, many tourist spots are closed for several days between Tet. VI. WORD FORM WORD FORM 1 1. Scholarship and awards are usually given on the " . ( DAILY ) 2. Part of the building has been_____ into office. ( D IV ID E ) 3.There were reports that Bush’s campaign team Had been trying to dig up information that m ight_____ Clinton. ( CREDIT ) 4. Many people think that the famine was a result of the civil war, but it is _. (TRUTH) 5. It was a terrible game. Our team played very . ( IM A G IN A TIO N ) 6. Andi has correctly___ _ the order of a pack of cards in just 31.16 seconds. (MEMORY) 7. The computer that I use hasn’t g o t_____, but it easy to copy flies on to a flash drive. (WRITE) 344
8. T he_____ had stolen a car in Adelaide and had then stopped for petrol at Wirulla. (RIDE) 9.William Shakespeare is probably the most famous_____ in history. ( PLAY ) 10. The novel was published and quickly became a (an)__ . (SELL) WORD FORM 2 Poppy day: Poppy Day, 11 November , is the day when people in Britain remember thế soldiers that died in the First World War (FWW) (1914 - 1918), the Second World War (1939 - 1945) and all other wars since. The first Poppy Day was in 1921. The FWW had ended three years earlier, but it was still very difficult, often impossible, for (l.SOD IER)______ in Britain to find (2.EMPLOY)_______. So some o f them started making and selling red paper poppies. They gave the money that they raised to soldiers who were disabled or unemployed, and to the (3.FAMILLIAR) of soldiers who had died. The choice of flower was (4.SIGN)_____ . During the war, the soldiers had noticed poppies growing every year on the (5.FIELD)____ in Belgium and the north of France. A well-know (6.POETRY)_____ from that time, written by a Canadian soldier, begins with the lines In Flanders fields the poppies blow J Between the crosses, row on row, That mark our place ( graves) ; ...... In the days leading up to Poppy Day, about 32 million people in Britain buy and wear small poppies. Some people choose to wear white poppies because they think that white (7.SYMBOL)_______________ peace. Then, at 11 a.m. on 11 November (at the moment when the FWW ended) there is a two-minute silence. Many people stop and think quietly about the soldiers who died. There are (8.CEREMONIALISM)__at war memorials in towns and villages all over the country. The most important ceremony in Londo, when the Queen and the Prime Minister lay (9.WREATHE)______________ _ of poppies at the Cenotaph, a (10.MONUMENTALISM) / to soldiers who died in the battle. VII. ERROR IDENTIFICATION 1. Eagles are predatory birds that have(A) large, heavy, hooked (B) bills and strong. sharp(C) claws called asCDi “talons”. 2. Most of our ideas of whatiA) accent people looked and(B) dressed come fromfC) the works OÍĨD) Renaissance artists. 3. Asbestos can stand so high ÍAÌtemperatures that(B) it was used as (C)protective clothing (D)by fire fighters. 4. A small(A) amount of radiation can help cure(B) someone, whcreast'O too manv(D) will cause harm.
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5. When asbestos (A)fibers are breathed(B') in, they inake(C) damage tofD'i 0Ur lungs. 6. Any propertv(A) that a bankrupt person may still have(Bi is usually divided amongfC) the various people to whom money are owed(D). 7.The body does(A) not stav(B) at the alike(C) temperature from morning till night m 8. ThunderCA^ that(B) is audible from distances as(C~) far away as ten milesfDl 9. Good dental hygiene and a proper diet(A~) are necessarv(B') for the maintainor) o f sound(D') teeth. 10. The museum uses(AV volunteers from the community who act as a guidefB^ to show(C) visitors the displays of local artists’ workt'D). VIII. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Rewrite the following sentences using the words given without changing its meaning. 1. David played the main role when the proposal was drafted. (INSTRUMENTAL) 2. The girl’s behaviour was incomprehensible to the head teacher. (LOSS) 3. That United will beat City is a foregone conclusion. (BOUND) 4. I have too much work to do, so I’m afraid I can’t go to the party tonight. (EARS) 5. There is less chance that Olsen will become champion after his recent defeat. (BLOW) 6. The performance would never have been a success without the famous actor’s appearance. Had it not...... ........................................................................................ ..................... 7. I was exasperated when the appoinment was cancelled once again. Imagine....................;...................................................................... ..................... 8. I shall never lend Robert any more money, no matter what happens Under no................................................................................................................... 9. The alarm went off just as they came out o f the building. Scarcely........................................................................................... ............. .......... 10.Margaret was offered a place on the course but couldn’t accept because she was ill. (TURN) .
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S: 11 .Many species of wildlife are threatened with extinction. (VERGE) pi.
I 12. We have run out of small sizes. (STOCK) Ir .......................................... . ...........................................
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13.I felt stupid when I realized what I’d done. (FOOL) 14. We missed the beginning of the concert because/we had overslept. (CONSEQUENCE) , 15.1 knew I had met him before, but I can’t remember his name. (TONGUE)
PRACTICE 26 Câu 1: PHONOLOGY ( 5 points) Choose the word whose underlined part is different from the other three o f the group. ' B. supposedly c. confusedly 1. A. markedly D. wickedly 2. A. wear B. stare c. heir D. weir 3. A.commercial B. victim c. significant D. economy B.says 4. A.plays c. lays D. stays 5. A. personal B. interview c. interrupt D. difference Choose the word whose stress pattern is different from the other three o f the group. 6. A Vietnamese B. equipment c. understand D. volunteer 7. A. employment B. diversity c. dishonest D. difference 8. A. acceptable c. friendliness D. suspicious B. aquạintance 9. A. education B. disciplines c. influences D. customers 10. A television B. politics D. comfortable c . attention Câu 2: VOCABULARY ' ■ ' Choose the option that best fits the blank o f the sentence. 1. Ha Noi National University was....................... one hundred years ago. A. begun B. established c. organized D. appeared 2. Richard started the race well but ran out of....................... in the later stages. A. power B. steam c. force D. effort 3 . 1a m ............... ......... aware of the need to obey the rules of the competition. A. well B. far c. much , D. greatly 347
4. The amount Sarah earned w a s....................... on how much she sold. A. related B. connected c. dependent D. secured 5. Several passengers received minor injuries when the train unexpectedly came to a....................... B. stand D. halt c. brake A. delay 6. John refused to put his career in........... B. hazard D. stake c. risk A.jeopardy 7. Angela’s work was praised for it s ....... ...............attention to detail. A. meticulous B. significant c. subtle D. concentrated advance of changing lanes. 8. Motorists should . D. flicker B. signal A. sign c. flare in world trade. 9. The recent economic crisis has brought about a..................... D. tilt A. slump B. sag c. droop 10. Although insects are harful to plants , their existence contributes a great part to ................... ....which helps to make a balanced environment. A. biology B. biophysics c. biochemistiy D. biodiversity Câu 3: STRUCTURES AND GRAMMAR: (5 points) Choose the option that best fits the blank o f the sentence. 1. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back. A. 1put the phone down when the boss rang back. . B. Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back. c . No sooner had I put the phone down when the boss rang back. D. Scarcely had I put the phone down than the boss rang back. 2. Though he tried hard, he didn’t succeed. A. However he tried hard, but he didn’t succeed. B. However he didn’t succeed hard , he tried hard, c . However hard he tried , he didn’t succeed. D. However he tried hard, he didn’t succeed. 3. While I strongly disapproved of your behaviour, I will help you this time. A. Despite of my strong disapproval of your behaviour, I wjll help you this time. B. Although I strongly disapproved of your behaviour, but I will help you this time, c . Because of your behaviour, I will help you this time. D. Despite my strong disapproval of your behaviour, I will help you this time. 4. man / sentence/ 15 years/ prison/ he / prove / guilty. A. The man will get a sentence for himself to 15 years in prison if he proves himself guilty. B. The man was sentenced about 15 years in prison and proved himself guilty, c . The man was sentenced to 15 years in prison because he had been proved guilty. 348
D. The man should make his final sentence after 15 years in prison as he proved himself guilty. 5. “ You broke two of my windows ,Bob!” said Willy. A. Willy charged Bob for having broken two o f his windows. B. Willy accused Bob o f having broken two of his windows, c . Willy threatened Bob on having broken two o f his windows. D. Willy blamed Bob to have broken two of his windows. 6. “You should have waited for us,” the team leafier said to John. A. The team leader asked John to wait for them. B. The team leader told John that he should wait for them. c . John was asked to wait for the team leader and his teammates. D. The team leader criticized John for not having waited for. them. 7 .1 haven’t eaten the delicious food like this before. A. This is the first time I have eaten the delicious food. B. This is the first time I have eaten the' delicious food like this, c . This was the first time I have eaten the delicious food like this. D. This is the first time I eat the delicious food like this. 8. He said , “Why don’t you read a lot of books to learn more about the cultural diversity.” ' A. He said us to read many books to learn more about the cultural diversity. B. He advised us reading many books to learn more about the cultural diversity, c . He advised us to read many books to learn more about the cultural diversity. D. He suggested us to read many books to learn more about the cultural diversity. 9. She is learning English because she wants to get a better job. A. She is learning English so that she will be able to get a better job. B. She is learning English so that she gets a better job. c . She is learning English in order she can get a better job. D.She is learning English so as she gets a better job. 10. So thick was the novel that I couldn’t finish it in a day. A. It was such thick a novel that I couldn’t finish it in a day. B. It was so a thick novel that I couldn’t finish it in a day. c . The novel was too thick for me to finish in-a day. D. The novel was too thick for me to finish it in a day.
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Câu 4: PREPOSITION AND PHRASAL VERBS Choose the best answer I 1. My daughter o ften to see me at least once a week. A. calls up B. drops in c . goes up 2. This chemical g iv es ...... ........ a terrible smell. A. off B. up c . out \
D. comes on D. away 349
3....................... no circumstances should you drink the tap water. B. On c. By D. Under A. Within 4. She takes great pride., A. in B. o f c. on D. with 5. The company has to ................... ways of reducing costs. A. take in B. think over c. work out D. look out 6. Don’t ..................... ! I haven’t finished explaining y e t! A.hang up B. hold on c. hang on D. call up 7. Stop wasting your time. It time y o u ..... ......... ,.„..some real work. A. got off with B. got on for c. got up to D. got down to 8. Peter always confides ......................me A. on B. at c. in D. with 9. They decided to postpone their journey till the end of this month because of the epidemic. A. take up B. turn round c . put off D. do with 10. There is an inflation. The prices .................... A. are going on B. are going down c . are going over D. are going up Câu 5: READING COMPREHENSION A. Read the following passage and choose the best anwers to the questions. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion and Tidal Energy Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a method o f producing electricity developed from the temperature difference that subsists between deep and shallow waters. It converts solar radiation to electric power . The system uses the ocean’s natural thermal gradient to direct a power- producing cycle. To produce a significant amount o f power, the temperature betweem warm water on the surface and deep cold water should differ by about 20 degrees Celsius . Oh average , 23 million square miles o f tropical seas absorb an amount of solar radiation equal in heat content to about 250 million barrels of oil . If less than one tenth of this could be converted into electric power , it would provide more than 20 times the total amount of electricity utilized in American on any given day. / Oceans are a huge renewable resource with the possibility o f producing millions of watts of electric power. Some experts think the cold , deep seawater that is used in the OTEC process is rich in nutrients and, therefore , can be used to culture marine and plant life on shore or on land . There are certain conditions which have to be met to enable OTEC to work. First, commercial OTEC facilities must be located in an environment that is stable enough for efficient system operation . This means that they must be built on land or submerged on the continental shelf. In addition , the natural ocean thermal gradient necessary for OTEC operation is generally found between latitudes 20° N 350
and 20° s . The tem perature of the surface w ater must differ from that of deep water and allowances should be made for a wide open space. Tropical islands meet the requirements for a wide space , so they are areas for OTEC development . Land-based facilities offer advantages. For example , plants do not require extensive maintenance , and they can be installed in sheltered areas , safe from storms and general bad weather. Land-based sites allow OTEC plants to function with related industries. Thermal energy from the oceans was first proposed as far back as 1881. However, it wasn’t until 1930 that a system was1built , producing 22 kw of electricity . Another was constructed sometime later , but it was destroyed by waves. In 1980 , the Ư.S department of energy built a site for OTEC heat exchangers on board a navy ship . Tests revealed that OTEC systems are able to function on slow moving ships and are of little consequence to the surrounding marine environment. Jn 1981, Japan established a closed- cycle plant in the Pacific Ocean, producing 40,000 watts o f electricity . In May 1993, ạnother 50,000 watts of elecứicity was produced . However, it was an impractical energy source as the materials used were expensive . An integrated OTEC system can help create harmonious, selfsustaining island communities, independent of imported fossil fuels and their associated costs. .J Tidal energy is another form of ocean energy caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, and the rotation of the Earth . When tides come into shore , they can be trapped in reservoirs behind dams. Then when the tide lowers, the water behind the dam can be released, functioning similarly to a hydroelectric power plant . Tidal dams can change the tidal level in the local basin , affecting the navigation . The prim e disadvantage is the effect a tidal station has on plants and animals . However, tidal fences, which are also used to channel the energy of tides, have less environmental impact than traditional sources of power such as fossil fuel or nuclear pow er, and are cheaper to install. Turbines are devices with blades attached to a central rod that spin when a force hits the blades . This spinning motion is extremely practical . The first turbine used was the undershot waterwheel , probably the oldest type of waterwheel dating back over 2,000 years. Waterwheels and windmills were the first turbines; their wooden blades captured the power of wind or rivers to lift waterb for irrigation or to rotate huge stones.to grind grain. It wasn’t until the 1880s , when the generator was first envented , that people began using turbines to produce electricity. 1. According to paragraph 1, OTEC uses what to produce power ? A. the wave energy stored in the Earth’s oceans B. the salt in the ocean c . the seawater temperature differences , D. the tropical oceans’ warm surface water 351
2. The word absorb in the passage is closest in meaning to A. take in B. reject c . work together with D. make efficient 3. The word converted in the passage is closest in meaning to A. consumed B. released c . used D. transformed 4. In paragraph 3, the author mentions “ The tem perature of the surface w ater” as an example of........................ A. the requirements for the perfect OTEC settlement B. the specific requirements needed for OTEC to work c . the careful calculations and considerations needed in OTEC D. why water based programs are always superior to land-based ones. 5. The word they in the passage refers to ......................... A. requirements for a wide space B. B. plants c . land-based sites D. related industries ổ.According to paragraph 5, what does the author say was the main problem with the closed cycle plant in the Pacific Ocean? A. It was damaged by the salt water. B. It was environmentally damaging to the area. c . It could not generate electricity without pollution. D. The overall cost was far too high to be economically feasible. 7. The word prime in the passage is closest in meaning t o ........................ A. healthy B. most important c . get ready D. disappointing 8. According to the paragraph 6, which of the following is true of tidal energy ? A. It is derived from the hydrological climate cycle. B. It is based on the small fluctuation o f tide in a given area. c . It has no environmental and ecological effectson local inhabitants. D. It needs a barrage to convert tidal energy into electricity. 9. The word practical in the passage is closest in meaning to .......... .............. A. unnecessary B. swift c . useful D. sensitive 10. The following are all characteristics o f the OTẸC system EXCEPT A. It seeks to harness the temperature difference. B. It is not technically feasible for the production of base load electricity, c . It can be practiced on slow moving ships. D. It can create self- sufficient systems. 352
B. Read the following passage and choose the best anwers to the questions. An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans ,animals , vegetation, or materials adversely. Air pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous change. When the first air pollution laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited to compounds that could be seen or smelled - a far cry from the extensive list o f harmful substances known today. As technology has developed and knowledge of the health aspects of various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened. In the future, even water vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions. Many of the more important air pollutants, sụch as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides are found in nature. As the Earth developed, the concenfration of these pollutants was altered by various chemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycles. These serve as an air purification scheme by allowing the compounds to move from the air to the water, or soil. On a global basis, nature’s output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from human activities. However, human production usually occurs in a localized area , such as a city. In such a region , human output maybe dominant and may temporarily 'overload the natural purificationscheme of the cycles. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities. The actual concentrationneed not be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact, the numerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase this represents over the. concentration that woulkd occur naturally in the area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 parts per million (p.p.m), which is about 400 times its natural level. Carbon monoxide, however, has a natural level o f 0.1 p.p.m and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15p.p.m. Question 1. What does the passage mainly discuss ? A. The economic impact of air pollution. B. What constitutes an air pollutant. c . How much harm air pollutants can cause. Di The effects o f compounds added to the atmosphere. Question 2. The word “ adversely” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to ..................... A. negatively B. quickly c . admittedly D. considerably Question 3. It can be inferred from the first paragraph th a t........................ A. water vapor is an air pollutant in localized areas. B. most air pollutants today can be seen or smelleậ. , 353
c . The definition of air pollution will continue to change. D. A substance becomes an air pollutant only in cities. Question 4. The word “ These” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to...................... A. the various chemical reactions. B. The pollutants from the developing Earth, c . The compounds moved to the water or soil. D. The components in biogeochemical cycles. Question 5. For which o f the following reasons can natural pollutants play an important role in controlling air pollution ? A. They function as part of a purification process. B. They occur in greater quantities than other pollutants. c . They are less harmful to living beings than other pollutants. D. They have existed since the earth developed. Question 6 . According to the passage, human-generated air pollution in localized regions.............. Á. can be dwarfed by nature’s output o f pollutants. Can overwhelm the natural system that removes pollutants. B. Will damage areas outside o f the localized regions, c . Will react harmfully with natural pollutants. Question 7 . The word “localized” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to A. specified B. circled G. surrounded D. encircled Question 8. According to the passage, the numerical, value o f the concentration level of a substance is only useful if...................... A. the other substances in the area are known. B, It is in the localized area. c . The natural level is also known. D. It can be calculated quickly. Question 9. The word “detectable” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to...................... A. beneficial B. special c . measurable' D. separable Question 10 . Which of the following is the best supported by the passage? A. To effectively control pollution , local government should regularly review their air pollution laws. B. One of the most important steps in preserving natural lands is to better enforce air pollution laws. c . Scientists should be consulted in order to establish uniform limits for all air pollutants. D. Human activities have been effective in reducing air pollution. 354
Câu 6: CLOZE TEST A. Fill in each numbered blank with ONE appropriate word: ( 5 points) The computer has brought nothing (1).............. problems to the world of the twentieth century. Chief among the problems has (2)................the dehumanization of society. People are no (3)................ human. Each of us is a series o f numbers, numbers to be fed into computers. There are our credit card numbers, our bank account (4)................. our social security numbers, our telephone and electricity numbers - the computer number game is endless. What happens to these computerized numbers ? They are distributed to a network o f government agencies and business (5)................. can use them to invade our privacy. The Internal Revenue Service-stores millions o f facts about every citizen. Credit agencies exchange (6).........on the spending and saving practices of nearly every American adult. Mailing lists are (7)............available by computers to dozens of organizations, public and privatẹ, who bombard us with unwanted mail. Just let the computer which stores (8).... .A.’....:., concerning our accounts, let us say with a credit card company, make an error and it is almost impossible to correct it. The result is an avalanche of bills, threads, and loss o f credit standing. The computer has thrown thousands of people out o f (9).................... The gamut of computer- generated unemployed runs from highly skilled technicians to typists. These are some o f the reasons why I feel that the (10)............ o f the computer has been detrimental to the quality of our life in the twentieth century. B. Fill in each numbered blank with ONE appropriate word: (1 0 points) Charles Dickens’ childhood experiences Charles Dickens was one o f the greatest nineteenth- century English novelists. At the time o f (0)...his....death in 1870 he was a wealthy man , in contrast to the poverty o f his early days. His parents (1)........Ĩ__their best to look after him but were always in difficulties (2).........;...money. Eventually , his father owed (3).............a large amount of motley that he was sent to prison for three months. Two days after his twelfth birthday , Dickens was taken away from school by his parents and made(4).............work in a factory to increase the family income. Factories could be dangerous places in (5)........ days, and some employers were cruel . Charles was not (6).............extremely unhappy, but also ashamed of working there , and he (7).............never forget that period of his life.In his novels Dickens showed just now shocking working and living conditions were. Working in the factory affected him so deeply that he found (8)............. much too painful to speak about in later life. His own wife and children kriew (9)............ at all about the unhappiness of his childhood while Dickens was still alive, (10)........ shortly after his death a biography was published in which Dickens’terrible childhood experiences in the factory were revealed for the first time. 355
Câu 7: OPEN CLOZE TEST : A. Choose the most suitable word given for each space in the text (1 0 points) THOMAS EDISON On the night of 21 October 1931, millions of Americans took part in a coast-to coast ceremony to commemorate the passing of a great man. Lights (1)............. in homes and offices from New York to California. The ceremoney(2)............. the death of arguably the most important inventor o f (3)............. time: Thomas Alva Edison. Few inventors have (4)..;..........such an impact on everyday life, and many of his inventions played a crucial (5).............in the development of modem technology. One should never (6)............. how revolutionary some of Edison’s inventions were. In many ways , Edison is the perfect example of an inventor- that is , not just someone who (7)............. up clever gadgets , but someone whose products transform the lives of millions. He possessed the key characteristics that an inventor needs to (8)..... .......a success of inventions, notably sheer determination. Edison famously tried thousands o f materials while working on a new type of battery, reacting to failure by cheerfully (9).... ........to his colleagues: “ Well, at least we know 8,000 things that don’t work” . Knowing when to take no (10).............of experts is also important. Edison’s proposal for electronic lightning circuitry was received with tatal disbelief by eminent scientists, until he lit up whole streets with his lights. 1. A. turned out B. came off D. put off c . went out B. distinguished c. noted D. indicated 2.A. marked 3. A. whole B, full c. entire D. all 4, A, put B. had c. served D. set B. place 5. A. effect D. share c. role B. lower 6. A. underestimate 1 c . decrease D. mislead 7. A. creates B.shapes c. dreams D. forms 8. A. gain B. make c. achieve / D. get B. informing D. notifying 9. A. announcing c; instructing 10 A. notice B. regard c. attention D. view B. Choose the most suitable word given for each space in the text (1 0 points) Many parents believe that they should begin to teach their children to read when they are (1)................... more than toddlers. This is fine if the child shows a real interest but.(2).................. a child could be counter- productive if he isn’t ready.Wise parents will have a .(3)...................attitude and take the lead from their child. What they should provide is a selection of (4),.................... .toys, books and 356
other activities. Nowadays there is plenty of good (5)...................... available for young children, and of course, seeing plenty of books in use about the house will also (6)................... them to read. O f course, books are no longer the only (7)..................... of stories and information. There is also a huge range o f videos, which can (8)...................... and extend the pleasure a child finds in a book and are.(9)..................... valuable in helping to increase vocabulary and concentration. Television gets a bad .(10)..................... as far as children are concerned?mainly because too many spend too much time watching programmes not intended for their age group. B. slightly D. really Question 1 . A. scarcely B. rarely c. making D. starting Question 2 . A. insisting B. forcing B. contended • c. relaxed D. hopeful Question 3 . A. cheerful c. energetic Question 4 . A. bright B. thrilling D. stimulating c. produce Question 5 . A. material B.sense D. amusement B. encourage . c. provide D. attract Question 6 . A. provoke Question 7 . A. source B. site c. style D. basis c. reinforce Question 8 . A. uphold B. found D. assist c. perfectly D. equally Question 9 . A. properly B. worthily c. criticism D. result Question 10 . A. review B. press CÂU 8: WORD FORM S Supply the correctform s o f the words in the capital letters.( 10 points) Example: Hẹ said “Good morning ” in a most.... friendly...way.
FRIEND
I.This matter is v e ry ...............Don’t discuss it outside the office. CONFIDENCE 2. He was v e ry ..................of the work he had done.
PRIDE
3. Recently health foods have increased in...... ...........
POPULAR
4. The old lady hid all h e r ..... J.......... under the floor.
SAVE
5. The gas from the chemical factory was extremely.................. 6. The restaurant is now under new..................
HARM MANAGE
7. Your money will be refunded if the goods arế not to your complete....... .......... SATISFY 8. He used all h is ................... to force the door open
STRONG
9. The government has promised to deal with the problem o f ...................among young people. EM PLOY 10. Although her visit w a s .................., we made her welcome just the same. EXPECT 357
B. Choose the words in the box to fill in the blanks. Make changes if necessary. (10 POINTS) assume technology
overwhem perfection
go question
destroy high pessimism be
The image that we have of science has........ (1).......radical change in the last hundred years. An enormous.........(1).......explosion, together with a number of very real anxiety about the environment and all the moral and political ramifications of economic growth have.........(1).......put science at the centre of public debate. The twentieth century began with a challenge to t h e ........ (1).......that human knowledge was approaching completion. It will come, perhaps, as something of a surprise to all of us to realize that the emergence of this highly.........(1)....... process came both from within and outside science. New scientific theories........ (1)...... reveal the limitations of the old perspective. We had thought that the world , understood through the medium o f rational .........(I).......,was, indeed, the real world. Now we know that this was no more than a simplification that just happened to work. Once we realise this, though, we can move in a number o f opposing directions. We can re-evaluate all knowledge........ (1).......and decide that it is eternally fragmentary and full of a vast number of........ (1)........ or we can be more positive and view these vast explosions o f scientific awareness as new challenges still to come and as celebration of the .........(1).......that the human imaginationhas so far scaled. Câu 9: ERROR IDENTIFICATION Choose the underlined part of the sentence that needs correction .(10 POINTS) 1. If you need to keep fit, then why not take on a sport such as badminton or tennis. A
B
C
D
2. Modern transportation can speed a doctor to the site of a sick person, even if the
A
B
c
patient lives on an isolating farm. D 3.Tom’s very good at science when his brother is absolutely hopeless. A B C D 4.
When her dog died, she cried very hardly for half an hour. A
B
c
D
5. Daisy has suchmany things to do that she has no time to go out.
A 358
B
c
D
6. In my opinion. I think this book is more interesting than the other one. A B C D 7. We admire Lucy for her intelligence, cheerful disposition and she is honest. A B C D 8. However small, the sitting room is well designed and nicely decorated A B c D 9. Publishing in the UK. the book has won a number of awards in recent regional A B c book fairs. D 10 Not until he got home he realised he had forgotten to give her the present. A B . c D CÂU 10 : SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION ( 20 POINTS) Rewrite the sentence with the given word of the given beginning so th at the newsentence has the same meaning as the previous one. 1. I daren’t turn on the television because the baby might wake up. ( FEAR) 2. Could you watch my bag while I’m away ,please ? ( EYE ) 3. The best solution was thought by John. (CAME) 4. The writer’s writing style contrasted sharply with his spoken language. (CONTRAST) 5. We should waste no words talking to that stubborn guy. ( BREATH) 6. we couldn’t relax until all thẹ guests had gone home. => Only............................ . . i i i . ................. ........................................................... 7. It was the fog that caused the traffic problems. .......... .......................... ............. ................ ................................... 8. His memory gradually failed as he grew old.
:=> The....... ................................ ..................................................... ............................ 9. Without his help, we would all have died. => Had i t .................................. ..................................................... ............. ................. 10. The only thing that kept us out of prison was the way he spoke the local dialect. => But for his command................................................................ .............. ..............
359
PRACTICE 27 A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS I. Phonology. 1. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each group. (2.5pts) 1. A. sword B. whole c. answer D. sweet B. pleasure 2. A. measure c. ensure D. leisure 3. A. vomit B. womb c . tomb D. w olf 4. A. sergeant B. servant c. serpentine D. sermon B. serotine 5. A. catastrophe. c. gelatinize D. cuisine 2. Choose the word whose main stressed syllable is placed differently from that of the others in the list. (2.5pts) B. prevention 6. A. enterprise c . fertilize D. implement B. comfortable D. dynamism 7. A. accompany c. interview B. satisfaction 8. A. effectiveness c. accountancy D. appropriate B. oblige 9. A. secure c . vacant D. equip 10. A. representative B. characteristic c. technological D. punctuality II. VOCABULARY Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase. (2.5pts) 1. He lost in the election because he is a weak and__________ leader. A. undeceiving B. undecided c. indecisive D. indecisive 2. •_______ are unpleasant, but it will be nice when we get into the new house. A. Removals B. Movements c. Removements D. Moves 3. Some people feel that television should give less_______ to sport. A. programs B. coverage c . concern D. involvement 4 .1 know his name, but I can’t recall it at the moment. It’s on the tip o f A. tongue B. brain c . mind D. memory 5. He has a big house and an expensive car, not to 'a villa in Dalat. A. infer B. refer c . mention D. imply 6. Is he really___________ to judge a brass band contest? A. efficient B. skillful c. capable D. Competent 7. Unfortunately she has been given a n _______ task. A. insurmountable . B undeveloped c inoperable D unsolved 8. After the recent scandal, the president is expected to do the ..... thing and resign from his position. A. precious B. kindness c. decent D. formal 360
9. After the enormous dinner he had to _________ his belt. A. widen B. broaden c . loosen D. enlarge 10. According to a recent survey, most people are on good_____■ with their neighbours. A. terms B. relations c . relationships D. acquaintance III. VOCABULARY & STRUCTURES. Choose the best answer to complete each of/ the following sentences or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase. (2.5pts) 1. He manages to visit his parents ___________ _ Saturday. A. another every B. every other c . every the other D,. other every 2. Brown: “ ___________ ” - Smith: “Thanks, I will write to you when I come to Paris.” . / A. God bless you! , B. Better luck next time! c . H aveago! Have a nice trip!. 3. He retired early____________ his ill health. A. on behalf of B on account of c . in front o f D. aheadyof 4. Marine reptiles are among the few creatures thát are known to have a possible life span greater than______ . A. man B. the man c . the one of the man’s D. that of man 5. ’ he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain. A. Tired as he might feel B. As he might feel tired c . Tired as it was D. He felt very tired though 6. H e______ __________ that learning English is not much difficult. A. comes to understand B. get to understand c . hope to understand D. think to understand 7. ______ I find bụt an enormous spider . A. What happened B. What.could c. What should D. How should , 8. _____ , we can take another road. . . ■ A. If need be B. When it may c . We might as well D. Come what must 9 . ______ ________ , you have to accept it. A. But for that I liked B. Be that as it may c . If only I had liked D. Were I you 10. On no account be touched. A. this switch must B. you must c . must this switch D. must this switch not 361
IV. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS 1. H e_____ a big fortune when he was young, so he didn’t have to work hard. A. came into B. came up c . came across D. came round 2. Are you taking_____ all of these phrasal verbs? A. for B. down c . off D. in 3. The medicine takes one hour t o _____ . A. bear with B. kick in c . make out D. get by 4. Have y o u _____ with your homework yet? A. gotten through B. taken over c . thought up D. checked over 5. Jennifer_____ the invitation to join us for dinner. A. called on B. come out c . got out of D. passed on 6. If he's clumsy, he can bump _____ the desk. A. by B. over c . into D. through 7. We can put you ^ ___ for a few days if you have nowhere else to live. A. on B. out c . up D. off 8. Mary was astonished that she was _____ for the counselor's position. A. got by B. turned down c . caught on D. come to, 9. After running up the stairs, I w as_____ _ breath. A. without B. out of c . no D. away from 10. She nearly lost her own life___ _ attempting to save the child from drowning. A. with B. for c . at D. in V. READING COMPREHENSION Read the following passage and choose the best option to complete the blank or answer the question. * Reading 1: (5pts) Many people are unaware o f how many of the products we use every day come from petroleum and natural gas. In the United States each family of four uses more than two tons o f petroleum products annually. That's almost 1200 lbs o f chemicals each year for every man, woman and child in the United States - a staggering total of 225 billion pounds of chemicals from petroleum, and to a lesser extent, natural gas. Of the vast amount o f petroleum and natural gas we consume, more than 90 percent is burned as fuels. Only about 5.5 percent is used for the manufacture of petrochemicals by the chemical industry. These petrochemicals vary widely in their functions and includes such products as drugs, detergents, rubbers, paints, fertilizers, dyes, perfumes, explosives, food preservatives, artificial sweeteners, and agricultural chemicals. Finally, about 1.5 percent of the oil and natural gas is used as raw material for plastics. This small percentage translates into the production of billions of pounds of polymers that yield many different and useful products. 362
In post- World War II years, the United States was flooded with domestic and imported items of extremely low cost, low quality, and limited lifetime. This led to the image o f "cheap plastics" with low durability. Today, however, the image of plastics has changed. Plastics perform an extremely broad range o f functions, from heart valves and artificial kidneys to ski boots, nonstick surfaces, supper glues, and spacecraft parts, and they compete with natural products in durability. No other materials expect plastics could perform all these different functions. Plastics are replacing more and more parts of your car. The use of 1 lb of plastic can replace an average of 3.5 lb o f metal in an automobile. An automobile with 400 lb o f plastic substituted for metal will weigh about 10001b less, which increases its gas mileage by about 3 mi/gal. The fuel savings are estimated to be about 160 million barrels of oil annually. That's more than the total amount used by the chemical industry as raw materials to make the polymers. As another example, synthetic polymer fibers are commonly used in fabrics, for both economical and practical reasons. If the world's synthetic fibers were replaced by cotton, this would require an additional 40 million acres of fạpjnilạỉi(i. Certainly the use o f polymer plastics will increase. One can expect to find more applications in home construction and furniture because of the unlimited design freedom o f plastics. Plastics will be used more in drink containers and food packaging. The 700 billion gallons of liquids consumed each year in the United States will find their way to the consumer more and more in plastic bottles. Diseased o f malfunctioning parts o f the body will be replaced by specialized plastic components to a greater degree. We are indeed becoming a plastic society. 1. The author believes that the use of plastics in home construction and furniture will increase because plastics________ . A. are relatively inexpensive B. are incredibly strong c . come in decorative colors D. lend themselves to flexibility in design 2. What does the passage mainly/ftiscuss? A. Plastics and plastic products B. The versatility of petrochemicals c . Production o f petroleum and natural gas D. New uses of plastic in automobiles 3. In paragraph 4, the author supports the use of plastics in cars and polymer fibers in fabrics because they a re _____ __ . A. fashionable B. costly c . easily manufactured D. economical 4. It can be inferred from the paragraph 3 that after World War II plastic products in the US were all of the following EXCEPT ________ . A. long-lasting B. inexpensive c . mediocre D. plentiful 363
5. Where in the passage does the author mention the products made of petrochemicals? A. line 23 -25 B. line 7 - 9 c . line 15-18 D. line 32-36 6. The word "flooded" in line 14 is closest in meaning to ______ _ A. in need o f B. promoted c . inundated D. damaged 7. The word "yield" in line 13 is closest in meaning t o ________ A. gain B. surrender c . produce D. require 8. Which of the following devices does the author use to present information about plastic products? A. Enumeration B. Metaphor c. Examples D. Appeals to experts 9. The word "This" in line 15. refers t o _______ _ A. the use of imported rather than domestic goods. B. the end o f the Worlds War II c. the appearance o f large quantities of inferior goods. ị D, the limited lifetime of the goods. 10. According to the passage, the percentage of petroleum and natural gas that is used in the production of plastic is ________________________________ A. tiny B. exaggerated c . extravagant D. efficient Reading 2: (5pts) One o f the most mysterious, best-preserved, least-known and most remarkable archaeological spectacles in the world is the immense complex of geometrical symbols, giant ground-drawings of birds and animals, and hundreds of long, rulerstraight lines, some right across mountains, which stretch over 1,200 square miles of the Peruvian tablelands, at Nazca. Nazca was first revealed to modem eyes in 1926 when three explorers looked down on the desert from a hillside at dusk and briefly saw a Nazca line highlighted by the low slanting rays of the sun. But it was not until the Peruvian airforce took aerial photographs in the 1940s that the full magnificence of the panorama was apparent. It was as if a dozen deserted airports were.spread out across the plains. Hundreds of what looked like "landing strips" for aircraft were revealed. There were eighteen condor-like bird drawings, up to 400 feet long; four-sided figures with two lines parallel; and long needle-like triangles which ran for miles. Often the long lines met, like star-clusters. Among the many abstract patterns were a giant spider, a monkey, a shark, reptiles and flowers, all drawn on the ground on a huge scale. The scale is monumental, but from thẹ ground almost invisible and totally incomprehensible. The amazing fact about Nazca, created more than 1,500 years ago, is that it can only be appreciated if seen from the air. Many, therefore, regarded it as a prehistoric landing ground for visitors from outer space, but Jim 364
Woodman, an American explorer, who was long fascinated by the mystery of Nazca, was convinced that the ingenious ancient people o f the area had learned to fly. He believed that Nazca only made sense if the people who had designed and made these vast drawings on the ground could actually see them, and that led him to the theory that the ancient Peruvians had somehow learned to fly, as only from above could they really see the extent of their handiwork. With this theory in mind, he researched into ancient Peruvian legends about flight and came to the conclusion that the only feasible answer was a hol^air balloon. To make such a balloon in the way the ancients must have done, Woodman learned that he would require four things: textiles, to make the bag to trap and hold the hot air; a power source like fire to heat the air; calm weather to allow the inflation of the balloon; and the intelligence to devise such a craft. Peruvian mythology was full o f ideas about flying. Ample evidence of this was found in the designs on Nazca pottery and tapestries and the art o f ballooning sur vives today among primitive South American peoples. One of the theories about the balloons was that it was the way in whic|i some Incas returned their dead to the gods - by hot-air balloons that soared out o f sight towards the sun before prevailing winds a mile or more up wafted them out over the Pacific Ocean to sink unseen into the water as the air cooled at sunset. Woodman built a balloon-type airship o f the same'fabrics and fibres that would have been available to the men o f Nazca at the time. It was high adventure and cul minated in the pectacuiar flight o f a balloon which Woodman called "Condor I". There was no doubt about it, only, from the air could the full glory o f Nazca be appreciated. "Flying berween 300 and 1,000 feet, the sheer size, scope and beauty o f Nazca is electrifying. Soaring above it áll, I knew that ancient eyes had seen the immense creation below. Ancient man could never have built and devised all this and never seen it," said Woodman."'If we, as 'modern men', could fashion a flying craft by using only cotton, hemp and fire, surely those who were there in Peru centuries before could have done the same. Everything necessary to fly was there." Jim Woodman's flight was a modern demonstration of an ancient possibility. 1. One of the "most remarkable archaeological spectacles in the world" i s _______ A. the size of Nazca. 1 B. the lines over mountains. ■ " ' c. the Peruvian tablelands. D. the huge and complicated ground-drawings. 2. Nazca was discovered in 1926 when _ A. the light shone on the lines. B. three explorers viewed the lines from above. c . the lines were not hidden by cloud. D. the lines followed the rays o f the sun. 365
3. The aerial photographs were important because they showed________ A. the whole view at once. B. all the details of Nazca. c . the magnificent countryside. D. the deserted airports. 4. The "landing strips for aircraft" were really________ A. star-shaped designs stretching across the plain. B. balloon landing places, c . deserted airports. D. ground-drawings on a vast scale. 5. Jim Woodman felt sure that________ A. the designs could be seen from the air. B. the ancient people had learned to fly by accident. c . the ancient people were clever and had learned to fly. D. Nazca had been designed to help people fly. 6. Woodman's research led him to believe that ________ A. the ancient Peruvians were the first people to use balloons. B. balloons were the only method of flight possible for the ancient Peruvians, c . the ancient Peruvians did not have the intelligence to make balloons.' D. there were balloon-gods in ancient Peruvian mythology. 7. The balloons might have been used________ A. to worship the gods. B. to worship the sea. c. to bury dead people. D. to send people who had died to the gods. 8. The winds A. made the balloons sink in the Pacific Ocean. B. blew them up a mile or more into the air before they sank, c. blew them gently out over the Pacific Ocean. D. made the balloons soar out of sight. 9. Woodman made Condor I from ________ A. old material. B. those materials available to the ancient Peruvians, c . an airship made o f the same material. D. materials which would inflate easily. 10. The flight proved________ A. Nazca could be seen from a balloon. B. the ancient Peruvians could have flown, c. the ancient Peruvians flew in balloons. D. Nazca was a magnificent sight from the air.
366
IV. CLOZE TEST
Read the following passage and choose the options that best complete the
blanks. (lOpts) * Cloze test 1: (5pts) If you’ve been told by your boss to improve your knowledge of a foreign language you will know that success doesn’t come quickly. It generally takes years to learn another language well and constant (1 )____ to maintain the high standards required for frequent business use. Whether ýou study in a class, with audiocassettes, computers or on your (2 )____ sooner or ( 3 ) ____ every language course finishes and you must decide what to do next if you need a foreign language for your career. Business audio Magazine is a new product designed to help you continue language study in a way that fits easily into your busy schedule. Each audiocassette ( 4 ) ____ of an hour - long program packed with business news, features and interviews in the language o f your choice. .These cassettes won’t teach you how to order meals or ask for directions. It’s (5 )____ that you can do that already. Instead, by giving you an opportunity to hear the language as it’s really spoken, they help you to (6) ___ _ your vocabulary and improve your ^ability to use real language relating to, for example, that all- important marketing trip. The great advantage o f using audio magazines is that they ( 7 ) ____ you to perfect your language skills in ways that suit your lifestyle. For example, you can select a topic and listen in your car or hotel when away on business. No other business course is as (8) ____ and the unique radio- magazine format is as instructive as it is entertaining. In addition to the audiocassette, this package includes a transcript with a business glossary and a study (9) ____ . The components are structured so that intermediate and advanced students may use them separately or together, (10) ____on their ability. 1. A. exercise
B. performance
c . practice
D. operation
2. A. self
B. individual
c . personal
D. own
3. A. after
B. then
c . later
D. quicker
4. A. consists
B. includes
c . contains
D. involves
5. A. insisted
B. acquired
c . asserted
D. assumed
6.A. prolong
B. extend
C:spread
D. lift
7. A. allow
B. let
c. support
D. offer
is. A. adjustable
B. flexible
c . convertible
D. variable
9. A. addition
Ẹ, supplement
c . extra
D. manuscript
10.A. according
B.depending
c . relating
, D. basing 367
* Cloze test 2: (5pts)
For Nigel Portman, a love o f travelling began with what’s called a ‘gap year’. In common with many other British teenagers, he chose to take a year out before (1) ____ to study for his degree.
After doing various jobs to ( 2 ) ____ some money, he left home to gain some experience of life in different cultures, visiting America and Asia. The more adventurous the young person, the ( 3 ) ____ the challenge they are likely to (4) ____themselves for the gap year, and for some, like Nigel, it can(5) ____in a thirst for adventure. Now that his university, course has come to an end, Nigel is just about to leave on a three-year trip that will take him right around the world. What’s more, he plans to make the whole journey using only means of transport which are ( 6 )___ _ ' by natural energy. In other words, he’ll be (7 )__mostly on bicycles and his own legs; and when there’s an ocean to cross, he won’t be taking a (8) cut by climbing aboard a plane, he’ll be joining the crew of a sailing ship (9),___ . As well as doing some mountain climbing and other outdoor pursuits along the way, Nigel hopes to (10) ____ on to the people he meets the environmental message that lies behind the whole idea. 1. A. settling down 2. A achieve 3. A. stronger 4. A. put 5. A. result 6. A. pulled 7. A. relying 8. A. quick 9. A. anyway 10. A. leave
B. getting up B. raise B. wider B. set B. lead B. charged B. using B. short B. alike B. keep
c. c. c. c. c. c. c. c. c. c.
taking over advance greater aim cause forced . attempting brief instead pass
D. holding back D. win D. deeper D. place D. create D. powered Đ. trying D. swift D. otherwise D. give
B. WRITTEN TEST(20pts)
I. Open cloze test: Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. * Cloze test 1: (lOpts) The temple in the lake Lake Titicaca, often known as the ‘holy lake’, is situated in South America on the border between Bolivia and Peru. The lives of the people (1) ________ tools and pottery have been found on its shores have long remained a mystery. However, scientists taking part in an exploration project at the lake have found what they believe to (2 )________ a 1000-year-old temple under the water. 368
Divers from the expedition have discovered a 200-metre-long, 50-metre-wide building surrounded by a terrace for crops, a road and a wall. It is thought that the remains ( 3 ) ________ those of a temple built by the Tihuanacu people who lived beside Lake Titicaca before it became a part (4)_____ the much later Incan empire. ‘The scientists have not yet had time to analyse the material sufficiently,’ says project director, Soraya Aubi. ‘But some have ( 5 ) ________ forward the idea that the remains date from this period ( 6 ) ________ to the fact that there are very similar ones elsewhere.’ The expedition has so ( 7 ) ________ . this year niade more than 200 dives into water 30 metres deep ( 8 ) ________ is 3. a same -» the same 4. in that -> in which 5. many a -» such a 6. expressing-> expressed 7. requires
i
requiring
8. interpreting that —> interpreting what 9. the one -» the ones 10. another-> other
PRACTICE 7 P A R T ONE
A.
l.c
2. c
3.C
4. B
5.A
6. D
7. c
8. c
9. A
10. D
First syllable:
influences, syndicalism, inventories, wholesaler, merchandise
Second syllable:
collaborate, arithmetic, physician, personify, numerical
Third syllable:
parliamentary, perpendicular, hepatitis, etiquette, auctioneer
Fourth syllable: '
cinematographer, palaeolithic, incontrovertible, memorabilia, reliability
P A R T TW O
A.
,/
;
1. decriminalizing
2. non-aggression
, 3. insecticide7
4. take-aw ay
5. self-explanatory
6. irremediable
7. cover-up
8. coercion
9, privatization
10. supposed
B. l.B
2. A
6. D
7.
c
3. D
4. D
5. A
8. A
9. c
10. B
c. 1. on 382
2. in
3. dow n/w ith
4. without
5. up
6. in
7. for
8. on
Q y. ui
11. on
12. at
13. to
14. against
16. about // at
17. into
15. in //round
lu. wiih
PARTTHREE A. 1. I think it sometimes a great advantage working independently. 2. Tom congratulated me on my success in the/driving test. 3. You should work the harder, the better to get the best result. /Y o u should work the best you can to get the best result. 4. The storm surprisingly caused little damage in the area. 5. Nowhere can / will you find a school of which the students get such good marks. /
6. We might as well watch TV this evening. 7. Such was Her attractiveness that every boy in the class ran after her. 8. W hether we have their financial support or not, we will have to caư y out the project. 9. You are supposed to be working with your homework. 10.As long as you still need the book, (just) keep it.
/I 1. I haven’t got a screwdriver, but I think this knife will serve its turn. 2. Your empty promises won’t cut any ice with her. 3. The boy dances attendance on his father. 4. The book was as dry as dust. 5. They have made arrangements to see the director tomorrow morning. 6. I really regret to have missed the boat to get the promotion. 7. He finally got into the swing of the new working condition. 8. His grandfather is now going under the knife. 9. His parents were at a loss when they tried to understand his actions. / His actions threw his parents at a loss.
c. 1. did, hasn’t been upgraded 2. be / should be 3. to be, to have been invented 4. shouldn’t have been, to be sitting 5. is increasing 383
6. will be watching 7. had been playing 8. will have ended 9. eat, should eat 10. be working, discussing, doing 11. telling, doing 12. to be standing, taking 13. getting
PARTFOUR A. 1. not
2. i n / with
3. sp eak / know
4. fluency
5. fact
6. industry / world
7. own
8. that
9. language
10. they
11. drop
12. way
13. magazines / covers
14. off
15. another
16. public
18. like
17. as
19. interviews / information
20. wanted / desired
B. 4 -1 1 -6 -3 -2 -8 -1 -5 -9 -7 -1 0
PARTFIVE 1. is —> are
2. worldly -> worldwide
3. the -> a
4. lowly-paid - » low-paid
5. opening -> open
6. of -» from
7. works -> work
8. on - » in
9. which -> where
10. sharply —» sharp
PRACTICE 8
PARTONE A. l.c
2. D 3. B 4. c
5. D 6. B 7. B
8. c
9. A
10. D
B. tranquilize - ordinarily - industry - themselves - superstructure - speciality - geneticist - supernatural - recipe - electrician
PARTTWO A. 1. overexpenditure 384
2. imaginative
3. decisively
4. impoverished
5. attentively
6. electrified
7. tasteful
8. satisfactory
9. repeatedly
10. valuable / invaluable
B. l.c
2. A
3. c
4. D
5. c
6. B
7. B
8. D
9. A
10. A
PART TH R EE A.
- ' ' 1. has not been accustomed to being made 2. is said to be going up 3. Did you remember to lock 4. were pleased to be given 5. Don’t hesitate to ask
'
,
6. must have gone/ been going out 7. will return, finish/ have finished reading 8. are made to be shown 9. regret having told 10.have tried, to contact B. 1. with, on
2. to, against
3. with, for
4. like, in
5. in, with
6. on, of
7. in, for
8. to, for
9. on, for
10. to, for
1. has just blown out
2. was brbken in
3. had burnt down
4. will call on
5. has been brought up
6. was called off
7. came across
8. drew up
9. turn in
10.
goes back (up) on
D. 1. Thank you a lot for your willing to lend me the money. 2. I need it to buy some books necessary for my exam. 3. My parents (have) promised to send me some money but I haven’t received it yet. 4. I hope to receive it sooner or later. 385
5. I’ll pay you back the money as soon as I (have) receive(d) it (from my parents). E. 1. Had you attended yesterday’s class, you could do this exercise now. 2. Hardly had he left when the postman arrived. 3. He will have to try harder in order to win the prize. 4. You needn’t have brought the umbrella along because it didn’t rain. 5. He wishes he hadn’t invited her to the party. F. 1. There’s no one here but would like to
be in your place.
2. I’m telling you this for fear that you might make a
mistake.
3. You are broke. I’m in the same boat. 4. He is often on the go all day long. 5. We used to quarrel but we are in good terms now. 6. This exercise is, bv no means, so difficult as it appears. 7. They fell in love at first sight. 8. What you say is, in a sense, true but I should express it differently. 9. We continued waving until the train was out of sight. 10.We have lost touch with him for ages. PART FOUR 1. made
2. roof
3. devices
4. energy
5. installed
6. being
7. from
8. for
9. not
10. ways
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. B
1. F
2. c
3.1
4. E
5. K
7j
8. H
9. L
10. A • 11. G
6. B
PRACTICE 9 PART ONE A .I. A
2. B
3. D
4. c
5. B
B. l .B
2. D
3. A
4. A
5. D
386
12. D
'
PART TWO A. 1. admitted
2. will help
3. played
4. consisting
5. won’t be working
6. will have completed
7. have been reading
8. would drive
9. have read
10. (should) listen
B. 1. secretive
2. purify ,
3. relieved
4. photogenic
5. sympathetically
6. rebellion
7. strenuous
8. vaccinate
9. senility
10. voracious
1. keep up with
2. run out
3. pick up
4. break down
5. put off
6. hang up
7. Look out
8. do without
9. stand for
10. go off
c.
D. l.o n
2. to
3. of
4. of
6. with
7. of
8. to
9. from
,5 . of 10. about
E. 1. It took her a long time to get over her illness.
.
2. I wish I hadn ’t said that to him. 3. It can’t have been Tony we saw. H e’s in London. 4. I need to post this letter tonight. 5. I’m sure the children have been getting up to something terrible while w e’ve been out. 6. I had the tyres checked on my car. 7. It’s time you went to bed. 8. I couldn’t make out the number plate in the fog. jr 9. I’d rather you didn’t tell Andrew about our conversation. ■
10. You could fail the exam unless you start studying now. PART TH REE A. 1. D
2. B
3. c
4. B
5. A
6. D
7. B
8. A
9. D
10. B 387
B. 1. fewer
2. having
3. spreading
4. of
5. themselves
6. teeth
7. inject
8. milder/less
9. but 10. that
c.
l.c
2. D
3. B
4. c
5. D
6. A
7. A
8. c
9. B
10. A
PRACTICE 10 PART ONE 5. B
8. D
4. c 9. c
2. c
3. D
4. D
5. A
7. A
8. c
9. A
10. c
l.B
2. c
3. A
6. c
7. B
10. c
PART TWO A.
l.A 6. c B.
1. troublesome 4. failure/implications 7. speechless
2. requisite 5. spacious 8. forthcoming
3. circumstantial 6. revelations 9. acquaintance
PART THREE A. 1. Day in day out it’s the same old routine in my job. 2. Expensive as the ticket may seem, it is good value for money. 3. Unless a famous director had seen Brenda act in a school play, she wouldn’t be a star. 4. It was with great relief to hear that her condition was not serious. 5. She has a good chance of succeeding as an actress. 6. There’s no point in considering such a ridiculous proposal seriously. 7. Against everybody’s expectation, she lost. 8. You must apply yourself to your work more. 9. Not having been born in this country means that you can’t vote. Not having been born in this country prevents you from voting. Not unless you were bom in this country can you vote in the election. 10. Little did we at the time how serious the problem was. 388
B. 1. The burglar was caught red-handed. 2. My brother is under the weather these days. 3. The meeting of a "freebie" suddenly dawned on me. 4. You get out of bed on the wrong side this morning. 5. She felt like a fish out of water in the huge hotel. 6. If only I had not shouted at him.
'
7. He admitted the truth in my presence. 8. I’ve done next to nothing today. 9. It was such a great demand for tickets that people queued day and night. lO.If you don’t have time, don’t visit Mr. Jones today because he will talk your head off. l.o f f 6. down
2. down
3. up
7. on
8. back
4- up 9. up
3. water
4. temperature
5. risen
8. means
9. up
10. use
12. what
13.be
18. worse
19. according
PART FOUR A. 2. don’t 1. exactly 7. so 6. just 11. were working 16. almost 17. swept B. 2. D 3. B 1. c
4. A
5. up 10. on
14. at
15. located 20. worsen
5. A
PRACTICE 11 ./
PART ONE A. l.c 2. A B. 1. A 2. D PART T W O A. 1. take back 4. held up 7. came up with
3. D
4. D
5. D
3. B
4. B
5. c
2. put up with
3. put you out
5. made up, took us all in
6. came apart
8. go along with
9. brings on 389
B. 1. troublesome
2. requisite
3. circumstantial
4. implications
5. spacious
6. revelations
7. consumption
8. speechless
9. forthcoming
10. withdraw
c. 1. ages since
2. can’t have been
3. wouldn’t have won
4. were
5. will have known
6. needn’t have taken
7. has there been
8. as it may
9. would have gone to
10. started PART TH REE A. l.A
2. B
3. D
4. c
5. A
6. B
7. A
8. B
9. D
10. A
B. 1. first
2. used
3. have
4. those
5 .been
6. time
7. If
8. faced
9. Although/ While
10. jobs
11. since
12. as
13. second
14. provided
15. not
16. such
17. whose
18. least
19. like
20, which
c. l.D
2. c
3. D
4. A
5. A
6. c
7. B
8. A
9. c
10. c
PART FOUR A. 1. Under no circumstances am I to be disturbed. 2. I haven’t read a good article for a long time. 3. In time you will appreciate what I am getting at. 4. Carol was blamed by everyone for the accident. 5. I’d prefer you not to go. 6. It won’t be long before they arrive. 7. As soon as the second act has finished / finishes, let’s go home. 8. This will be the first time the group has appeared / played in the u s . 9. It is rumoured that you stole it. 10. It’s really odd that you and I should meet in the middle of Africa. 390
B. 1. I can’t work out the answer without a calculator. 2. It’s a good hotel, if expensive. 3. The last person I expected to see there was Tim. / Tim was the last person I expected to see there. 4. Everyone who spoke to the victim is under suspicion. 5. This doesn’t concern you / have anything to do with you. 6. It’s really time I was going. 7. I paid all the money before cốllecting the goods, which was foolish. 8. Robert didn’t know what he was going to do next. 9. Only when I checked the tyre did I notice that it was flat. 10.Please inform the relevant authorities without delay.
PRACTICE 12 * ấ I
1. was foiled 2. held up 4. didn’t have 5. putting / to put 7. would have been 8. was betrayed 10. was going to take / would take 12. was going to pick i was to pick 14. 16. 18. 20. 21. 22. 23.
3. collected 6. had succeeded 9. acting
11. were positioned 13. were allowed to discuss 15. were involved / had been involved began 17. were hiding / had been hiding to surrender 19 were thrown handcuffed (past participle) were fired / had been fired were being interviewed will appear
B. 1. to 7. from
2. with 8. with
3. from 9. of
4. to 10. on.
5. for 11. with
6, into 12. for
13. about
14. to
15. of
16. in
17. with
18. for
19. about
20. to
21. with
c. 1. most
2. should
3. lesson(s) 4. on
5. you
6. to
7 . success
8. not
10. for
11. between
12. different
13. achieve 14. pieces
16. fruits
17. towards
18. from
9. yourself 19. yet
15. need 20. use 391
D. 1. c
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. A
6. c
7. A
8. c
9. B
10. c
1. vanity
2. insulator
5. ability
6. medical
E. 3. instantly
4. promising
7. economics
8. malignant
F. l.D
2. D
3. c
4. A
PRACTICE 13 A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS I. PH O N O LO G Y 4. B l.p 2. c '■ 3. A 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. c 9. B 10. D II. W O RD C H O IC E (5pts) 3. B 1. D 2. A 4 .C 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. c 9. A 10. D III. STRU CTU RES AND G R A M M A R 3. A 4. B l.c 2. c 5. c 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. A IV. PR E PO SIT IO N S AND PHRASAL VERBS l.B 2. c 3. A 4. D 5. c 6. A 7. c 8. B 9. A 10. c V. REA D IN G C O M PR EH EN SIO N Read the following passages and choose the best a questions below. 1. c 2. B 3. A 4. c 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B 1 2 .B 13. B 14. A 15. B 18. c 16. c 17 A 19. c 20. D VI. C L O Z E TESTS PASSAGE A l .B 2. B 3. D 4. c 5. c 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. c 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. c 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. D 392
B.
WRITTEN TEST
I. O PEN C L O Z E TESTS 1. acceptance 11. doing 2. moved 12. either 3'. theory 13. least 4. with 14. other 5. hands 15. consist 6. towards/at/to 16. nothing 7. because ' 17. yourself 8. both 18. than 9. advances 19. whaưthings/as 10. above ’ 20. coming II. W O RD FO R M S / Give the correct form o f the words in brackets. 1. decriminalized 11- mixture 2 gatecrashers 12. undeniably 3. self-destructive 13. original 4. popularizing 14. / marvellous 5. unpredictability 15. unbelievably 6. ageism 16. creation 7. knowledgeably 17. fishing 8. worthlessness 18. irresistible 9. wretchedly 19. resourcefulness 10. yearnings . 20. unappetising III. ERROR IDENTIFICATION 1. thousand persons -> thousands o f persons 2. saving more lives -> to save morẹ lives 3. that seem effectively -> that seem effective 4. involving exposing involves exposing 5. but thus -> and thus 6. Other technique -> Another technique 7. more easy affected -> more easily affected 8. unoperable brain tumors -> inoperable brain tumors 9. the recover rate -ỳ the recovery rate 10. encouraged news -> encouraging news IV. SEN TEN CE TRA N SFO RM A TIO N 1. Were it not for the fact that Sally is very disorganized, have a chance o f getting that secretarial job.
she might/would
393
2. Popular literature was apparently distributed/appears to have been distributed throughout the u s and Europe by railroad agents. 3. No sooner had the concert ended than there was a loud scream from backstage. 4. Enormous efforts have been m ade (by scientists) to find a cu re fo r this disease. 5. The company went to the wall because of a sudden price rise in raw m aterials. 6. The concert will be held indoors in the event o f rain. 7. Only after years of saving did Celia (finally) manage to buy her own house. 8. The Head Teacher is reputed to be a reliable and dedicated person. 9. Much to Henrik’s delight he was selected for the team. 10. John came to the conclusion (that) he should take the job.
PRACTICE 14 MULTIPLE CHOICE TEST Câu hỏi 1: Part 1: Part 2: Câu hỏi 2: l.D 8.C 15. A 22 c
PH O N O LO G Y 4. c l .B 2. B 3. D 5. D 7. c 8. B 9. D 6.D 10 B V O C A B U L A R Y , G RAM M AR, S T R U C T U R E , 4. c 6. c 3. A 2. c 5. D 10. A 11.B 13. D 9. c 12. A 20. B 16. c 17. B 18. A 19. c 27. D 23. A 24. c 25.A 26. A 29. c 30. A Câu hỏi 3: REA D IN G C O M H R EH EN SIO N l.D 3. A 4. D 6. c 2. c 5. B, 8B 10. A 9. A 11.A 12. B 1 3 .c 18. D 15. A 16. A 17. B 19. A ■' 20 . c
7. A 14~A
21.c 28.B
7. A 14. D
B. WRITING C âu hỏi 4: E R R O R ID EN TIFIC A TIO N 1. sick—> sickened 6. both —> all 2. And—►But 7. created —> are created 3. died —» dying 8. vibrations patterns —►vibration patterns 4. fasten —>fastened 9. has deprived —> have been deprived 5. most of —*■most 10. responding at —►responding to 394
Câu hỏi 5: 1. about 6. shine
2. there 7. temperatures
C âu hỏi 6: P repostions / Particles l.o u t 2. up with 3. through 6. o ff 7. on 8. off
3. water 8. through
4. life 9. than
4. into 9. up
5. either 10. like
5. about 10. out
Câu hỏi 7 : W O RD FO R M 1. Read the text and then fill in the blank with the correct form o f the w ord chosen from the box. I. sophisticated 2. trained 3. todistinguish 4. coưectly 5. unfamiliar 6. psychologists • 7. capable 8, necessarily 9. be learned 10. continuity 2. Supply the correct forms o f the words in brackets. II. overconfident ' . 1 6 . misinformed 12.unendurable 17. anti-social / unsocial 13.involuntary 18. extensiveness 14. handfuls 19. outclassed 15. discouragements 2b. civilized Câu hỏi 8 : VERB TENSES - VERB FOR M S 1. had already been prepared 2. have 3. have been thinking - have come - shall not be 4. hadn’t been cut 5. would have been promoted - were 6. had recommended - was giving C âu hỏi 9: SEN TEN CE TRA N SFO RM ATION 1. 1. The last thing you should / must / ought to do is to phone ( phoning ) / to ring / to contact the police 2. Had it not been for the attendance / presence / appearance o f a famous film star, the party wouldn’t have been a success. / would have been a failure. 3. He takes after his father in many ways. 4. Refusal to give a breath sample to the police could lead to your arrest. 5. James didn’t sign the contract until he had spoken to his employers (paying) the new tax. 2. 1. The story he told us was beyond belief. 395
2. Several categories o f people are exempt from the new tax. 3. A reduction o f / in interest rates may improve the economic situation. may cause / lead to an improvement o f / in economic situation. 4. The president put ( placed ) his (chauffeur- driven) cat at my disposal. 5. My cat has gone / is off its food.
PRACTICE 15 A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS I. PH O N O LO G Y 3. A 4. B 1. A. 2. c 8. A. 9. D 6. A 7. c
5. A 10. A
II. VOCABULARY AND STRU CTU RE 3. A 4. D l.c 2. A 8. D 9. A 10. D 11. A 17. c 18. B 15. c 16. D
5. D 12. B 19. A
6. A 13. B 20. D
5. D
6. A
III. REA D IN G C O M PR E H E N SIO N Reading 1: 3-D 4. D l.B 2. c 9 D 10. B 7. B 8. A Reading 2: 1. B 2. F 3. E 4. D IV. G UIDED C L O Z E TE ST (10 pts) 5. D l.c 2. D 3. D 4. c
6. A
7. c 14. B
5. A
7. A
8. A
9. B
10.1
B. WRITTEN TEST V. VERB TEN SES/FO RM S 1. will have been married 2. had been working 3. will pass 4. has been expelled 5. sitting/ to exchange/ have written/ correct 6. being / to reconsider 7. are reported/ have been injured VI. PR E PO SIT IO N S AND PHR ASA L VERBS l.a t 2. into 3. against 4. off 6. up 7. without 8. down 9. under 396
5. to 10. out
VII. WORD FORMS (10 pts) 1. naturally 2. unsociable 5. disorganizing 6. inconsistent 9. economical 10. tolerably
3. theoretical 7. upbringing
4. attracted 8. disappointingly
VIII. ERROR IDENTIFICATION 1. which have been -ỳ which has been was published 2. published -> did they realize 3. they realized to have stemmed 4. to stem -> have been using 5. have been used 6. An Europe -> A Europe -> this was a 7. this a -> could have been 8. could be -> close ' 9. closely -> do ■' ’ ■ 10.make IX. OPEN CLOZE TEST 1. eaten 2. about 6. release 7. no
3. heal 8. whose
4. bi story 9. from
5. trial 10. made
X. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 1. His holiday failed because no one was prepared to back it/him up. 2. His grandfather is now going under the knife. 3. His parents were at loss when they tried to understand his actions./ His actions threw his parents at a loss. 4. The boy dances attendance on his father. 5. They will take age and experience into account when they decide the salary. 6. There was agreement among the teachers to introduce the new methods. 7. You were not taken in by his story, were you? 8. He took my breath away when he said hè loved me. 9. She gave an excellent performance in the school play. 10. John’s arrival in Ho Chi Minh City coincided with his friend’s
PRACTICE 16 PHẦN A: TRẮC NGHỆM Câu 1: PHONOLOGY l.B 2. B 3. A 6. A 7. D 8. B
4. D
9. c
5. B 1(KD 397
Câu 2: VOCABULARY -WORD CHOICE 1. A
2. D
3. A
4. B
5. A
6. D
7. c
8. D
9. c
10. c
Câu 3: GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES 1. A 2. c 3. c 4. D
6. B
7. B
8. B
9. D
5. A 10. c
Câu 4: PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS l.c 2. D 3. D 4. c 5. B 6. D
7. B
8. D
9. D
10. B
Câu 5: READING COMPREHENSION Passage 1. I. A
2. B
,3. c
4. D
5. A
6. A
7. A
" 8. B
9. A
10. A
Passage 2. II. c
12. A
13. A
14. D
15. D
16. D
17. c
18. A
19. c
20. D
3. B
4. c
5. B
8. B
9. A
10. c
13. A
14. D
15. c
18. B
19. A
20. c
Câu 6: CLOZE TEST Cloze test 1. I. A
2. D
6. c 7. A Cloze test 2. II. A 12. c 16. c 17. A
PRACTICE 17 A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS I. PHONOLOGY 1. D. initiate 2. A. equation 3. c . massage 4. B. courageous 5. A. culture 6. B. fertilizer 7. B. musician 8. D. arithmetic 9. c. dynamic 10. A. facility 398
II. V OCABULARY & STRU CTU RE 1. c. imaginary 2. A. temper 3. A. Each o f the 4. D. Either 5. D. put it on one side 6 . B. accord 7 c. ill 8. B. element 9. D. brought up 10. B. sticky 11. A. remaining 12. c. sensitive 13. A. overthrow 14. A. staple 15. A. in your teens ' 16. c. all the same 17. B. discovery 18. D. carry out 19. c. getting on with 20. D. up III. REA D IN G C O M PR E H E N SIO N R eading 1 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.'B //)
7.C
8.C
9.A
10.C
.
R eading 2 A. 1. J. More and more o f us are getting away from it all in the winter. B. 2 . 1. Increasingly, though, people are looking-for an extra challenge. c. 3. c. These demand a little more than your average downhill run, so you need to be physically fit. D. 4. F. Here, every November, 100 tons o f ice and 300 tons o f snow become the Ice Hotel. E. 5. H. It has become world famous and attracts guests, from all four comers o f the globe. F. 6. G. They’ll keep you warm in temperatures between -4°c a n d -9 ° c , although it has been known to drop to -25°c. G. 7. A. There you can watch concerts, reindeer races and even a winter fashion show. H. 8. B. You’ll travel out o f town by car and by snowmobile to where your adventure begins. I. 9. D. There’s nothing like the feeling of freedom aas you are pulled along the ground through spectacular frozen scenery. J. 10. E. Find out more from your local travel agent and get packing! IV. GUID ED C L O Z E T E ST 1. D. monsters 2. A. pollinate 3. A. barren 5. A. navigate 6. D. signals 7. c . undertake 9. D. scout 10. c . approaching
4. B. excreting 8. B. colony
399
B. W R IT T E N T E S T
I. VERB TEN SES/ FORM S 1. has been typing 3. have been 5. had won 7. arrested 9. to stay
2. has not finished 4. heard 6. did - do 8. admitted 10.is
II. W O RD FO R M S 1. sale 3. production 5. viewers 7. exception
2 4. 6. 8.
9. ea sily III.
profitable different interruptions commercials
10.
u n h e a lth y
PR EPO SIT IO N S AND PHRASA L VERBS 1. 3. 5. 7. 9.
on in for in On
,
2. by 4. o f 6. at 8. at 10. at
IV. E R R O R ID EN T IFIC A T IO N 1. c o m m o n c o m m o n ly 2. came to -ỳ came ab o u t 3. invention inventions 4. between among 5. faced on -ỳ faced w ith 6. performing -ỳ to perform 7. in v ite-> invited 8. years yeaf 9. temper temperature 10. enjoyed -> enjoyable V. O PEN C L O Z E TEST
400
1. name
2. year
3. however
4. current
5. settle
6. before
7. no
8. to
9. became
10. relation
VI. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 1. The supermaket having closed early, we couldn 7 buy anything. 2. My math scores are the highest (o f all the subjects) this semester. 3. N ot until / left home could/did I realize how important the family is. 4. She prides herself on beins a so o d DJ. 5. It is nearly two years since he started (w ritins) the novel. 6. Enormous effort has been made bv scientists to find a cure for this disease. 7. I think Simon was a fool to turn down their job offer. 8. I was surprised that Meg didn’t come to the party but apparently she was ill. 9. They chose not to drive for fear o f too much snow. 10. He makes sure (that) he distances himselffrom policies he disagrees with.
PRACTICE 18 Á.PHẦN TRẮC NGHIỆM (Multiple choice questions) C âu hỏi 1: ( 5 điểm ) PH O N O L O G Y ’ ’ I. B. plough 3. D. complexion 5. A. adventure II. 1. c. mischievous 3. B. influential 5. A. tyranny Câu hỏi 2: WORD CHOICE 1. D. craking 3. A. long-standing 5. c. came off I . e . variant 9. B. descendant
2. A. transfer 4. B. whistle-'
2. B. execution 4. D. proximity
2. A. stayed on 4, B. Prảctically 6. D. recipient 8. B. hair 10.c. opinionated
Câu hỏi 3: STRUCTURES AND GRAMMAR I .Structures 1. B. the other one hundred seventy-eight as historical sites. 2. B. he gave a short acceptance speech 3. c. because o f his academic and artistic ability. 4. D. speak freely 5. A. Aware that a tornado was brewing 401
w,Grammar 1. c . may , 2. A. anyone was 3. A. Provided that 4. c . so good as to forward 5. D. told off Câu hỏi 4: PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS 1. c. common 2. c. need 3. c. rundown 4. c. surplus 5. A. untold 6. D. wanted 7. A. crying out s8. B. upturn 9. D. uptake 10. A. turn-up Câu hỏi 5: READING COMPREHENSION I. 1. c . A solution to fresh water needs 2. A. Cutting and gathering 3. c . 90 percent o f the fresh water 4. D. declining 5. A. by pulling it 6. B. diminish the speed of melting 7. D. pushed 8. D. a protective covering 9. B. difficult task 10. A. reinforce the feasibility o f the project II 1. F
2. J
3. A
4. K
6. c
7 M
8. o
9. E
Câu hỏi 6: CLOZE TEST I. I. D. goal 3. c. gain 5. c. remain 7. D. at 9. c. monopoly II. 1. A. maximum 3. c. speaking 402
5. H 10. B
2. A. not 4. D. little 6. B. participates 8. A. operate 10. Đ. must 2. B. o f 4. A. test
5. B. class 7. B. real-life 9. B. knowledge
6. B. beginners 8. D. learnt
B. PHẢN T ự LUẬN Câu hỏi 1: OPEN CLOZE TEST I. I.though 3. carried 5. view 7. of 9. like II. 1. immortality 2. struggle 4. whole 5. left 7. anti-war 8. profited Câu hỏi 2: WORD FORMS I. I. malfunctioning 3. foreground
2. refer 4. suffered 6. ability 8. facts 10. wonders '
3. all 6. made 9. warlike
10. very
2. thorniness 4. deformity 6. differentiate
5. droplet 7. reassurances 9. activists
8. archenemy 10. befriended
II. 1. conversation 3. housework 5. unpleasant
2. research 4. dominance 6. interruption
7. meaningful 9. listeners
8. argumentative 10. impression
Câu hỏi 3: ERROR IDENTIFICATION I.h is 2. V 3. so 4. if 5. feel 7. this 9. V
6. for 8. which 10. something
I I . the
1 2 .such 403
Câu hỏi 4: SEN TEN CE TRA N SFO RM A TIO N 1. He is the most likely person to succeed in solving the problem. 2. It is at Mr. Foster’s request that I am writing this letter to you. 3. As far as payment is concerned, most major credit cards are acceptable. 4. My parents would prefer me to go to university rather than start a job immediately. 5. Under the cover o f darkness, the soldiers entered the castle. 6. Given his medical history, this patient’s condition is rather worrying. 7. For the time being, this is our office. 8. It’s not the job I’m interested in; it’s the people. 9. Julia soon pulled herself together and explained her problem. 1 0 .1 would never sing in public.
PRACTICE 19 I.
1A
2D
3C
4A
5D
6. B
7. c
8. D
9. D
10. A
[. l.D
2. c
8. c 15. c
9. B 16. c
3. A 10. A' 17.A
4. B 11. A
5. A 12. D
6. D 13. B
18. B
22. A 29. B
23. D 30 c
24. A
25. c
19 A 26. B
20 B 27. A
C âu hỏi 3: A. Question 1: D. Question 2: B. Question 3: D. Question 4: c Question 5: A. Question 6: c. Question 7: A. Question 8: D. Question 9: B. Q uestion10: B 404
7. B
14. B 21.D 28. B
i
B. Read the following passage adapted from Cultural Guide - OALD, and circle A, B, c , or D for the correct answer to each o f the questions from 11 to 20. Question 11: c . Question 12: B. Question 13: c . Question 14: A. Question 15: c. Question 16: D. Question 17: A. Question 18: A. Question 19: B. Question 20: D Câu hỏi 4: I.B 2. A 6. A 7. B
3. D 8. A
4. &• ' 9. c
5. D 10. D
Câu hỏi 5: II. A 12. I 16. B 17.1
13. B 18. c
14. c
15. c
19. B
20. A
Câu hỏi 6: 1. single 5. concerned 9. worked
2. split 6. stand/bear 10. seriously
Câu hỏi 7: 1. accept 3. tests 5. purpose 7. across 9. spread
3. far/much 7. speaking
4. sympathetic 8. out
2. so 4. marked 6 . exchange 8. terms 10. originally
Câu hỏi 8: 1. These objectives are'certainly (ATTAINABLE). We have to try new ones. 2. He admitted that his cruel joke was (IN TEN TIO N A L) 3. The (IN VA RIABLE) answer to my question was “no” . 4. He is normally very (IN C O M M U N IC A TIV E) so you will be lucky if you get any information out o f him. 5. He is laughing (H EA RTLESSLY ). ;
405
6. Justice is often (PER SO N IFIED ) as a blindfolded woman holding a pair of scales. 7. We hope to see more (IN TEG RA TED ) schools where children of different races can get used to working together. 8. Country lanes are often (PASSED) in winter. 9. She is at a very (IM PR ESSIV E) age. 10. They made their (PRO V ISIO N IN G ) departure just before the floods. 11. OVERALL
12. EXCHANGE
13. DEPRIVED
14. CARRIAGE
15. BEST
16. BOARD
17. REASONABLE
18. ACHIEVEMENT
19. FURTHER
20. CONSULTANT
Câu hỏi 9: 1. one o f th e major 2. increased -> increasing 3. former -> formerly 4. plant species are well . . . . - ỳ plant species th a t a r e __ 5. surviving
survival
6. to grow in -> to grow on 7. several mechanics -> several mechanisms 8. some o f adaptations -> some o f the adaptations 9. related with -> related to 10. acts like -ỳ acts as Câu hỏi 10: 1. An increased number o f travelers are being stopped by customs officials this week. 2. Rather than disturb the meeting, I left without saying goodbye. 3. The moment I decided to get up to dance, the band decided to stop playing. 4. At no time did he suspect that the bicycle had been stolen. 5 . She lost her job because her typing was so poor. 6. In the area, Thailand is head and shoulders above all other countries in football. 7. They claim to provide the best service in business, but I think that they can in dispute/ open to dispute. 8. You should make an example o f him so that others will be afraid to behave as he did. 9. The boy dances attendance on his father, 1 0 .1 really regret to have missed the boat to get the promotion. 406
PRACTICE 20 Câu hỏi 1: 1. A 6. D
2. D 7. B
3. c 8. c
4. D 9. D
5. B 10. B
Câu hỏi 2: 1. A
2. B
4. B
6. D
7. B
3. B 8. c
5. c 10. A
9. A
STRUCTURE & GRAMMAR l.c 2. A 3. D 6. D 7. B 8. c
4. A
Câu hỏi 3: l.D 6. A
9. B
5. D 10. D
2. c
3. c
4 Ì
7. D
8 B
9. B
5. D 10. c
3. B 8 T
4. B 9. F
5. A 10. T
3. A
8, A
4. c 9. D
5. B 10. D
Câu hỏi 4: GUIDED CLOZE PASSAGE A 1. B 2. c 3. D
4. D
5. A
8. B
9. A
10. D
3. B 8. B
4. A 9. A
5. B 10. D
3. so
4. but 5. being 8. entire/ whole
READING COM PREHENSION PASSAGE 1
l.D 6. T
2. c 7.NG
PASSAGE 2 l.A 2. A 6. c 7. D
6. c 7. c PASSAGE B l.c 2. D 6. D 7. c
Câu hỏi 5: OPEN CLOZE PASSAGE A l. has 2. which 6. ever 9. amount
7. drowning/dying/ perishing 10. did
PASSAGE B l.p o se 2. applies 5. factor 6. ample 9. by 10. develop
3. solutions 7. disposal
4. emphasis 8. raise
Câu hỏi 6: WORD FORMATION TASK 1 1. discreditable
2. substantial
3. judiciary
4. uppermost
5. humanitarian
6. parentage
7. hereditary
8. unenviable
9. objectionable TASK 2
10. goodwill
1. insurmountable
2. Living
3. favorable
4. reassessment
5. seemingly
6. improbable
7. wilderness
8. threatened
9. ecological
10. mysterious
Câu hỏi 7: Beds play an important role on allowing a person to get a good night sleep. Many different types o f beds in the market today provide with a source o f comfort that is tailored to individual needs. Most o f them are soft enough to ensure that the bed follows the contours o f a person’s body, yet allowing a person to feel comfortable when he is tossing and turning in bed. There are mattresses filled with different types o f materials and sewn with different types o f clothes. The need to farther improve the quality o f mattresses shows the importance o f the bed as a piece o f furniture in a home. Whether it is reclining, sleep or even have a meal, people seek to buy the most comfortable beds fo r them. A latex foam bed is one such bed. Latex is obtained from the Rubber tree and it solidifies quickly and becomes rubbery and elastic. These rubber particles are suspended by soap in water and the liquid will then whip into foam and poured into a mould. Hundreds o f heated pins pierce the mould to create air chambers fo r natural ventilation. The core o f this mixture is then rinsed, washed and squeezed until it is damp. The dampness is removed by a hot air oven and further frozen to cool it. Latex foam mattresses therefore have a like-spring resilience that not only follows the contours o f a person body when he is asleep but is also able to revert to the original shape not taking on the body impression o f anyone. 408
ERROR a good night sleep provide with yet farther reclining them whip by like-spring not
CORRECTION a good night’s sleep provide with hence further to recline themselves be whipped with spring-like without
Câu hỏi 8: > 1. The statement boils down to making the public aware o f the present situation. 2. I wish I wasn’t out o f my depth in/with my new job. 3. My parents, who are up in arnis' about my/me getting a tattoo, have grounded me. 4. The Prime Minister was accused o f watering his statement down because o f public opinion. J 5. Despite (his) being dead set against playing cricket on Sunday, he agreed in the end. 6. We always used to have/keep our wits about us when flying at night. 7. Until the publication o f his last book, he hadn’t been acknowledged in the literary world. 8. Her car not moving when the accident happened, she wasn’t to blamefo r it. 9. People from any social class can afford the prices at this supermarket. 10. That knocking on wood can keep bad luck away/ can help avoid bad luck is believed by some people.
PRACTICE 21
l.c
2. D
3. D
7. B 6. A 8. c Choose the best answer. 12C 11.A 13.A 18. B 19. B 20. D
25. c
26. c
27. c
31. A 38. B
32. A
33. D 40. B
39. c
4. B
^ 5. B
9. B
10. A .
14. D 2Ỉ. A 28. B 34. D
15.c 22. B 29. D 35.D \
16. B 23 B 30. c
1,
36. c
17. A 24. A 30. A 37. c
409
IV.
41. c 47. D
42. c 48. B
43. A 49. c
44. D 50. B
45. D
46. A
51. D 53. A 54. D 52. D 56. B 55. A 57. B 59. A 60. D 58. B 61. D 63. D 64. A 62. A 65. D Fill in each blank with one suitable word to complete this passage. 3. called 4. in 5. into *1. recycles ' 2. rain 7. when/as 8. of 6. the 9. high 10. rivers * 1. for 2 .enough 3. that 5. you 4. job 6. or 8. which 10. another 7. Before 9. hard Give the correct form of the verbs to complete the passage. 1. purify 6. inhuman 2. suspiciously 7. commercialization 3. differentiate 8, forthcoming 4. inactive 9. underpaid 5. foreseeable 10. immobilise/ immobilize Give the correct form of the verbs to complete the passage. 11. comparison 16. pursuits 12. youth 17. collection 13. abundant 18. prosperity 14. Unemployment 19. tendency 15. sizeable 20. critical There are ten mistakes in the text. Identify each mistake, write it down and give your correction. 1. to be being 6. Or nor -» 2. legend legendary 7. of -> —> at 3. why when 8. Them —> -> him 4. seeming seemingly 9. Have get -» 5. had found —» found 10. word words -*
PART IV: WRITING Question 1. 1. It was only when the journalists arrived at the venue that they heard about the changes to the wedding plans. 2. It was at your insistence thatwe came to this restaurant. 3. It won’t do you any good to argue with her. 4. The thief almost certainly came in through the window. 5. The sheer expense/ cost was what put me off the idea. 410
Question 2. 1. She has set her heart on becoming a doctor. 2. She just went through the motions of welcoming him, then quickly left the waiting room. 3. It cannot be guaranteed that the venture will succeed. 4. We have no alternative but to pay them the whole amount before the end o f the month. 5. Our company has got monopoly o f importation.
PRACTICE 22 I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: Câu hỏi 1: Phonology /
1. B
2. c
3. D
4. A
5. c
6.C
7. A
8. D
9 .p
10. B
Câu 2: WORD CH OICE
'
1. A
2.C
3. B
4. D
5. c
6. B
7. A
8. D
9. c
10.A
Câu 3: STRUCTURE AND GRAMMAR:
l.c:
2.C
3.A
4. A
5. D
6. A
7.B
8. B
9. c
10.D
CÂU 4: PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS: Preposition l.c
2. A
3. B
4. A
5. D
Phrasal verbs: l.c
2.B
3.D
4. A
5.B
Câu 5: READING COMPREHENSION READING 1: l.B
2.A
3.C
4. D
6. B
7.A
8. c
9. D
5. c -
10.A
READING 2: l.A
2.C
3.A
4. A
5. D
6. A
7.D
8. B
9. A
lo"c
Câu 6: CLOZE TEST READING 1: l.A
2. c
3.B
4.D
5.A
6.A
7.C
8.D
9. B
lb. D 411
READING 2:
l.c
2. A
3.B
4.B
5.D
6.C
7.A
8.D
9. B
10. c
II. T Ự L U Ậ N : Câu 1: OPEN CLOZE TEST
Cloze test 1: 1. there 3. ever 5 .though 7. did 9. least
2. all 4. what 6. a 8. longer 10. will
Cloze test 2: 1. tell 3. had 5. what 7. did 9. no Câu 2: WORD FORMS PART 1: 1. attendance 2. please 3. irreplaceable 4. lengthen 5. dependable 6. exceptionally 7. inaccessible 8. theoretically 9. better-known PART 2: 1. admittedly
2. do 4. police 6. father 8. to 10. judge
2. politician's
3. alphabetical
4. emphatically
5. capability
6. enriched
7. colourful
8. interference
9. enthusiasts
10.opponents
CÂU 3: ERROR INDENTIFICATION: 1. loose -ỳ lose 2. one, I’d -ỳ one. I’d 412
3. chose -ỳ 4. recieve -> 5. frightening 6. advise -> 7. lone -> 8. sucess -> 9. wether -> 10. hasnt ->
choose receive frightening advice loan success whether hasn’t
Câu 4: SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION: 1. 2. 3. 4. ỹ. 6. 7. 8. 9.
Mara used to work as a picture restorer. Hardly had he arrived home when a water-heater exploded. You must have been driving too fast. Not until the body was found did the police believe her. They arrived at their destination safe ai)d sound. I enjoy being a big fish in a small pond:' ‘ You have to turn over a new leaf if you want to succeed. Many species o f wildlife are onthe vergeof extinction. Would you like to make a contribution to our campaign? She makes frequent complaint about mý liking.
PRACTICE 23 I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: 1. PHONOLOGY 1. A 2. A 3. D 4. B 6. A 7. A 8. c / 9. D 2. VOCABULARY 1. B 2.B 6. c 7 B
3. D 8. B
5. A 10. B
4. D 9 c
5. D " 10. c
3. STRUCTURES AND GRAMMAR 1. A 2. c 3. c 4. D 6. c 7. D 8. A 9. c
5. A 10. c
4. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS l.B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. c 7. A 8. c 9. A 1Ọ. B 413
5. READING: Passage 1: 1. A 2. D 6. A 7. D Passage 2:
l.A
2.C
6. c
7. c
3. A 8. c
4. c 9. B
10. c
3. B 8. D
4. A
5. B
3. A 8. B
4. B 9. D
5. c 10, c
2. B
3, A
8. D
9 A
4. D 10. B
5. B
9. D
CLOZE TEXTS a. Mountain Rescue
l.c
2. D
6. A b. 0. A 6. B
7. c l. c 7 c
II. WRITTEN TEST: 1. OPEN CLOZE TEST a. (2) today/alone . (l)u se (6) were (7) up b. 1. as 2. look 6. reasons 7. let 2. WORD FORMS a. 1. intensive 5. characteristic 9. abnormalities b. 0. richness 4. analysis 8. comparison
(4) light (9) to/with
(5) their (10) this
3. to 8. out
4. fact 9. however
5. and 10. in
2. susceptibility 3 uncomfortable 6. complications 7. treatment 10. immunization 1. infections 5. spatial 9. fictional
3. ERROR IDENTIFICATION 1. and 2 .the 3. which 4. V 5. as 6. they 7. to 8. are 9. make 10. once 414
(3) which (8) rather
4. enlargement 8. threatening
participants 2. unfortunately 7. disorganized, 6. visualizing 10. systematically
4. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 1. is indebted to that surgeon for saving his life. 2. concert was a complete sell-out, so we 3. in your career if you put your mind to 4. were completely taken aback 5. didn’t live up to my expectations 6. came as a shock 7. was no way for Roy to keep 8. have been given promotion but for the recommendation 9. no circumstances must you mention this to him. 10. was such a rapid improvement in his condition that he went home four days after the operation.
PRACTICE 24 Câu hỏi 1: l.D 6. A
2. B 7. A
3. A 8.C
4. D 9. A
5. B 10. B J
Câu hỏi 2:
l.c
2. B
8. D 15.A
9. B 16 D
4. D
5. c
6. D
ll.c 18. c
12. A 19. B.
13. c
3. D 8. B
4. B
5. A 10. A
13. c y 18. A
14. D 19.D
20, B
3. A 8. D
4. D 9.B
5.B 10. A
3. A
4. D 9.B
5. B 10. A
3 .A 10. B
17. c
7. B 14. D
20. D
Câu hỏi 3: Reading 1:
1. A 6. c
2. c 7. D
Reading 2: 11. B 12. c 16. A 17. A Câu hỏi 4: Cloze Test 1 1. B 2. D
6. c
7. B
9. c
15. D
Cloze Test 2
l.c 6. c
2. B 7. A
8.D
415
Câu hỏi 5: 1. has conquered 2. is not 5. is being studied 6. to deal 9. have been developed Câu hỏi 6: 1. eyesight 4. selfishness 7. broadcasts 10. nowadays Câu hỏi 7: 1.to 6. with
2. up 7. of
Câu hỏi 8: 1. Australians 6. use
3. has decreased 7. Judging 10. have been
4. known 8. will be issued
2. light-headed 5. passers 8. guidelines
3. expectancy 6. sympathetic 9. warming
3. through 8. by
4. out 9. down
5. away 10. for
2. high 7. still
3. first 8. waves
4. how 9. on
5. out 10. while
Câu hỏi 9: 1. His conviction for fraud cost the trainer his license 2. I’m so annoyed by my little brother sometimes 3. The excuse for the war declaration (for the declaration o f war) was the defense of their teưitorial rights. Or The excuse for the war declaration was to defend their territorial rights 4. You can’t go on a bus without hearing someone talking about snobbery 5. It’s the way their fans adulate them that corrupts pop stars 6. There is little likehood that the television will blow up at any time. 7. These problems of ours are just the tip of the iceberg 8. In the area, Thailand is head and shoulders above all other countries in football 9. Thomas was kept in the dark about the company’s new projects. 10.1 lacked (the) courage to tell him what I really thought,
PRACTICE 25 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS I. PHONOLOGY A. 1. A 2. c 3. c B. l.c 2. A 3. D 416
4. A
5. c
4. c
5. D
II. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR 2. D 1. B 3. c 4. A 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. A 14. c 13. D 15. c 16. A 19. A 20. B
5. A 11. A 17. B
6.C 12. c 18. D
III.
PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL VERBS 1. Weep oneself out: Khóc hết nước mắt 2. Get into sth: to develop a particular habit 3. Follow on: to go somewhere after sb else has gone there 4. Pass off: to take place and be completed in a particular way 5. Lay sb up: If sb is laid up, they are unable to work, etc, because o f an illness or injury
6. Live by sth: to follow a particular belief or set o f principles 7. Work up: to develop or move gradually towards sth, usually sth more exciting or extreme 8. Put sth into sth: to spend a lot o f time or make a lot of effort doing sth 9. See for: to find out or look at sth yourself in order to be sure that what sb is saying is true 10. Run over: to knock a person or an animal down and drive over their body or a part of it IV. CLOZE TEST Cloze test 1 1. B. 2. B. 3. B. 6. D. 7. c . 8. B. Cloze test 2 1. A. 2. B. 3. D. 6. A. 7. B. 8. B. V. OPEN CLOZE TEST Sources o f energy 1. converted 2. majority 5. indirect 6. release 9 . less 10. associated C elebration 1. rid 5. regarded 9. few
2. burning 6. lay
4. D. 9. A.
5. B. 10.B.
4.C . 9. A.
5.C. 10. D.
3. non-renewable 7. including
4. environmentally 8. smooth
3. midnight 7. exchange 10. bound
4. determined 8. worship
417
VI. WORD FORM Word form 1 1. speech-day 3. discredit 5. unimaginatively 7. CD-writer 9. playwright
2. sub-divided 4. untrue 6. memorized 8. joyriding 10. best-seller
Word form 2 1. ex-soldiers 3. families 5. battlefields 7. symbolizes 9. wreaths
2. employment 4. significant 6. poem 8. ceremonies 10. monument
VII. ERROR IDENTIFICATION 1.that have 2.what' 3. so high 5.make 6. are owed 7.alike 9.maintain 1o.as a guide
4.too many 8. that
VIII. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 1. David was instrumental in the drafting o f the proposal. 2. The head teacher was at a loss to comprehend/ understand the girl’s behaviour. 3. United are/ is bound to beat City. 4. I’m up to my ears in work, so I’m afraid I can’t go to the party tonight. 5. Olsen’s recent defeat is/was dealt a blow to his chance(s) of becoming champion. 6. Had it not been for the famous actor’s appearance, the performance would never have been a success. 7. Imagine my exasperation/how exasperated I was/felt when appoinment was cancelled once again. 8. Under no circumstances shall I lend Robert any more money. 9. Scarcely had they come out of the building when the alarm wênt off. 10. Margaret was offered a place on the course but had to turn down because she was ill/ of her illness. 11. Many species o f wildlife are on the verge of extinction. 12. We have no small sizes in stock. / We are out of stock o f small sizes. / Small sizes are out o f stock. 13.1 felt such a fool when I realized what I’d done. 14. We missed the beginning of the concert as a consequence of oversleeping. 15.1 knew I had met him before, but his name is on the tip o f my tongue. I 418
PRACTICE 26 Câu 1: PHONOLOGY l.c 2. D 3. A 6. B 7. c 8. c Câu 2: VOCABULARY l.B 2. B 3. A 6. A 7. A 8. B
4. B 9. A
5. A 10.C
4. c
5.D ,10. D
9. A
Câu 3: STRUCTURES AND GRAMMAR: l.B 2. c 3. D 4. c 6. D 7. B 8. c 9. A *
5. B 10. c
Câu 4: PREPO SITIO N AND PHRASAL VERBS /■ l. B 2, A 3. D 4. A 5. c 6. A 7.D 8.C 9. e ‘ 10. D Câu 5: READING COMPREHENSION A. 2. A l.c 3. D 4. B 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. c B. l.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 6.B 7. A 8. c 9. c Câu 6: CLO ZE TEST A. 1. but 2. been 6. information 7. made B. 1. did/tried 2. with/over 6. only/just
7. could/would
Câu 7: OPEN CLOZE TEST A. l.c 2. A 3.D 7. c 8. B 6. A B. 1. A 2. B 3.C 6. B 7. A 8. c
3. longer 8. data 3. such 8. it
5. B 10. B 5.A 10. D
4. numbers 9. work 4. to 9. nothing
4. B 9. A
5. c
4. D 9. D
5. A
5. which 10. advent 5. those 10. buưalthough
10. A
10. B
419
CÂU 8: W ORD FORMS
A. 1.This matter is v e ry ...............Don’t discuss it outside the office. Confidential 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
He was v ery .................. of the work he had done. Proud Recently health foods have increased in.................. Popularity The old lady hid all h e r.................. under the floor. Savings The gas from the chemical factory was extremely.................. H arm ful M anagement The restaurant is now under new.................. Your money will be refunded if the goods are not to your complete................ Satisfactory 8. He used all h is ................... to force the door open Strength 9. The government has promised to deal with the problem o f .................. among young people. Unemployment 10. Although her visit w a s.................. , we made her welcome just the same. Expectable B. 1. undergo 5. destructive 9. imperfections
2. technological 3. unquestionably 6. overwhelmingly 7. beings 10. heights
Câu 9: ERRO R IDENTIFICATION 1. c (=> part in) 2. D (=> isolated) 4. c (=> hard) 5.A(=>so) 7. D (=> her honesty) 9. A (=> published in the UK)
4. assumption 8. pessimistically
3. B (=> but/ while) 6. A (=> In my opinion) 8. Ạ (=> Despite being small) 10. B (=> did he realise)
CÂU 10 : SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 1 .1 daren’t turn on the television for fear o f waking up the baby. 2. Could you keep an / your eye on my bag while I’m away , please ? 3.John came up with the best solution. 4. There was a sharp contrast between the writer’s writing style and his spoken language. 5. We should save our breath by not talking to that stubborn guy. 6. Only when / after all the guests had gone hom e, could we relax. 7. If it hadn’t been for the fog, there wouldn’t have been traffic problems. 8. The older he got, the more his memory failed him. 9. Had it not been for his help, we would all have died. 10. But for his command of the local dialect, we would have been kept in prison.
420
PRACTICE 27 A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS I. PHONOLOGY. l.D 6. B
2. c 7. A
3. A 8. B
4. A 9. c
5. A 10. B
3. B 8. c
4. A 9. c
5.C 10. A
III. VOCABULARY & STRUCTURES. l.B 2. D 3. B 4. D • 6. A 7. c 8. A 9. B
5. A 10. c
II. VOCABULARY l.D 2. A 6. D 7. A
IV. PREPOSITIONS AND PHRASAL ỴERBS 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. A > ‘ 5. D 6. c 7. c 8. B 9. B 10. D V. READING COMPREHENSION Reading 1: l.D 2. A 3. D 4. A 6. c 7. c 8. c 9. c Reading 2: 1.D 2. B 3. A 4. D 6. B
7. D
VI. CLO ZE TEST. Cloze test 1: l.c 2. D 6. B 7. A Cloze test 2: 1. A 2. B 6. D 7. A
5. B 10. A 5. c
8. c
9. B
10. B
3. c 8. B
4. A 9. B
5. D 10. B
3. c 8. B
4. B 9. G
5. A 10. c
B. WRITTEN TEST I. OPEN CLO ZE TEST: Cloze test 1: 1. whose 2. be 4. of 5. put 7. far 8. in 10.may/mighưcould
3. are 6 due/owing 9. which \
Open Cloze Test 2: 1. Although/While/Whereas/Whilst/Though 3. be 5. times 7. by 9. without II. WORD FORMS W ord form 1: 1. postage 4. Unreliability 7. Differentiate 10. thoughtless W ord Form 2: 1. fascinating 4. third 7. depth(s) 10.unfortunate
2. do 4. fact 6. which 8. up 10. deal/amounưsum
2. courtesy 5. inescapable 8. Personified
3. chaotic 6. Mankind 9. enliven
2. occupations 5. golden 8. ideally
3. jewellery/jewelry 6. geographic(al) 9. variety
III. ERRO R IDENTIFICATION 1. obviously 2. in 3. come 4. read 5. proof IV.
—> obvious —►at —> comes —> reading —» proven
6. exercises 7. relating 8. intellectual 9. in 10. boring situation
—» exercise —> related —►intellectually —> of —►a boring situation
SENTENCE TRANFORMATION 1. She flatly refused to sleep in that haunted house. 2. It doesn’t make any / many difference whether we say in or go out this evening, but John wants to go to the cinema. ' 3. Contrary to everyone’s expectation, she lost the tournament. 4. When I met my long-lost brother, I was at a loss for words. 5. We have run out of the items you want. 6. The film fell short of my expectations. 7. It was only when I left home that I realized how much my dad meant to me 8. Early as he retired , he found no peace in life. 9. Most people get fewer colds in the summer than in the winter. 10. Scarcely had I solved one problem when I was faced with another.
422
* )K ụ c A tc c Lời nói dâu ............. PHẦN I. CÁC ĐỀ THI CHÍNH THỨC ĐỀ ĐỀ ĐỀ ĐỂ ĐỀ ĐỂ
THI THI THI THI THI THI
A. Đề thi B. Đáp án ........... 5 .......... .................118 .......... 11 ......... .................119 .......... 1 5 .......... ................ 121 .........21 ........... ................ 123 .......... 2 8 ......... ................ 125 .......... 3 6 .......... .................................. 127
NĂM NĂM NĂM NĂM NĂM NĂM
1998 1999 . 2000 . 2001.. 2002 .. 2003 . ĐỂ THI NĂM 2004 . ĐỀ THI NĂM 2007.. ĐỂ THI NĂM 2008 . ĐỂ THI NĂM 2009 , ĐỀ THI NĂM 2010 . ĐỀ THI NĂM 2011 . . ĐỂ THI NĂM 2012.. ĐỀ THI NĂM 2013..
...............
...43
130
................... .....................................
............ ..
5 0 .................... .................................. 131
......................
57
................... .....................................
132
......................
68
................... .....................................
134
......................
76
................... .....................................
135
.................. .....................................
137
..................... .....................................
139
..................... .....................................
141
...86 .................... 97 ............... 107 ...............
PHẦN II. CÁC BÀI LỤYỆN TAP TUYEN c h ọ n TỪ CÁC ĐỀ THI ĐỀ n g h ị A. Đề thi 'r PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE PRACTICE
1 ................. 2 ................. 3 ......... ........ 4 ................. 5 ................. 6 ............ 7 ............... 8 ................. 9 ................. 10................ 11 ............... 1 2 ............... 1 3 ............... 14............... 15................ 16................ 1 7 ............... 1 8 .............. 19 ............... 2 0 ................ 21 ............... 2 2 ................ 2 3 ............. 2 4 ................ 2 5 ............... 2 6 ........... 2 7 ...............
■ >
jr
B. Đáp án ............ 1 4 3 .......... ................372 ............ 151 ......... .................374 .............156 ......... .................375 ............ 1 6 3 .......... ................ 376 ............ 1 7 2 .......... ................378 ............ 1 7 7 .......... ................ 380 .............184 ......... ................. 382 .......... .1 9 0 ........... ................384 ............ 196 ......... ......... ....... 386 ........... 2 0 3 ......... ................388 ............208 ......... ................. 389 ............ 2 1 6 .......... ................ 391 ............ 221 .......... ................393 ........... 231 ...... . .... .........394 .......... ..2 4 0 .......... ................396 ........... 249 ......... ................397 ............ 2 5 7 .......... ................398 ............ 2 6 5 ........ ................401 ............ 2 7 5 .......... ................404 ........... 285 ........ .................407 .............297 ........ ................ 409 ........... 306 ........ ................. 411 ............ 3 1 7 ......... ................ 413 ........... 328 ........ ................. 415 ...........339 .......... .................416 .............347 ........ .................419 ................421
423
